英语考试题型(终极版).doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流英语考试题型(终极版).精品文档.英语考试题型1.词汇：10题，20分，详见以下重点词汇2.阅读：2篇，10题，20分，四六级真题3.英译中：6题，30分，详见以下翻译，红色标记是老师堂上提及4.写作：1题，30分，跟之前写的Ebook有关，但具体题目会有变动U1tuition /tjun/ n. 学费deposit /dpzt/ n. 存款；押金label /lebl/ n. 标签destiny /destni/ n. 命运；天意diverge /dav:d/ v. 分散；分歧，相异entrepreneur /ntrprn:(r)/ n.

2、企业家，实业家diagnose /dagnz/ v. 诊断，探究（病情、机械故障等）destination /destnen/ n. 目的地notion /nn/ n. 概念，想法；观念U2paradox /prdks/n. 悖论；似是而非的隽语enjoin/ ndn/v. 命令；强加renounce/ rnans/v. 放弃relish/ rel/v. 喜好；乐于preoccupy/prikjupa/v.使全神贯注，迷住petty / peti /adj. 微不足道的；卑劣的malady/ mldi/n. 疾病；弊端afflict/ flkt/v. 使痛苦，折磨reverent/ revrn

3、t/adj. 崇敬的reproach/ rprt/v. 责备reconcile/ reknsal/v. 和解；妥协contradictory/kntrdktri/adj. 矛盾的relentless/ rlentls/adj. 残酷的；不懈的sanctuary/ skturi/n. 圣殿，圣堂；庇护（处）exalt/ gz:lt/v. 赞美；提升redeem/ rdi:m/v. 救赎；赎回U3approach / prt /v. 接近lucrative/ lu:krtv/ adj. 获利的；有利润的endorsement/nd:smnt/ n. 背书，签字mortal /m:tl /n. 人，

4、凡人athletic/ letk/ adj. 体育运动的；运动员的instill/ nstl/ v. 逐渐、持续地引入；灌输pose/ pz/ v. 摆姿势outset/ atset/ n. 开端；起始groom/ gru:m/ v. 培养、训练（某人从事某职业）；使（某人）整洁cultivated/ kltvetd/ adj. 耕作的，栽培的；有教养的；文雅的；精炼的inspirational/ nsprenl/ adj. 赋予灵感的；鼓舞人心的surmount/ smant/ v. 克服（困难、障碍）intact/ ntkt/ adj. 完好无损的give out 用完，耗尽（精力等）；停

5、止起作用；垮掉set sb. apart 使突出，使与众不同for all 尽管identify with 与某人一致；和某人打成一片；使（或认为）与有紧密联系pay off （非正式）（行动）取得好结果；成功U4organic /:gnk/ adj. 器官的；有机的；系统的administrate / dmnstret/ v. 行政；支配；管理designate /dezgnet/ v.指定；指派retrieve /rtri:v/ v. 重新得到；回忆divine /dvan/ adj. 神的；神一般的emulate /emjulet/ v. 努力超越speculate /spekjulet

6、/ v. 推测；投机option /pn/ n. 选择权；选择物exploit /ksplt/ v. 利用eliminate /lmnet/ v. 消除；消灭tailor /tel(r)/ v. 量身定做browse /braz/ v.浏览obsolete /bsli:t/ adj. 废止的；过时的reproduce /ri:prdju:s/ v. 复制；繁殖profoundly / prfandli/ adv. 深刻地；深远地diffusion /dfju:n/ n. 传播；扩散on the verge of 接近于，濒于substitute for 代替contribute to 捐赠；投

7、稿；促进；导致U5diagnostic /dagnstk/ adj. 特征性的；诊断的aesthetically /esetkl/ adv. 审美地consilience /knslns/ n. 符合，一致ineradicable /nrdkbl/ adj. 不能去除的presumptuous / przmptus/ adj. 放肆的，轻狂的veritable /vertbl/ adj. 真正的conspiratorial /knsprt:ril/ adj. 阴谋（者）的reclusive /rklu:sv/ adj.隐遁的venal /vi:nl/ adj. 贪赃的，因受贿而为的utilit

8、arian /ju:tlterin/ adj. 功利的，实用的optimum /ptmm/ adj. 最适宜的novice /nvs/ n.新手，初学者ethos /i:s/ n. 气质，风貌，精神sort out 解决U11、The minute I dropped out l could stop taking the required classes that didnt interest me, and began dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.从我退学那一刻起，我就再也不用去上那些我毫无兴趣的必修课了，我开始旁听那些看

9、来比较有意思的科目。2、The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.成功的沉重被凤凰涅槃的轻盈所代替，每件事情都不再那么确定，我以自由之躯进入了我整个生命当中最有创意的时期。3、Your work is going to fill a large part of your l

10、ife, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you havent found it yet, keep looking. Dont settle.工作将占据你生命中相当大的一部分，从事你认为具有非凡意义的工作，方能给你带来真正的满足感。而从事一份伟大工作的唯一方法，就是去热爱这份工作。如果你到现在还没有找到这样一份工作，那么就继续找。不要安于现状。4

11、、No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven dont want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because death is very likely single best invention of life. It is lifes change agent. It clears out the ol

12、d to make the way for the new.没人想死。即使想去天堂的人，也是希望能活着进去。死亡是我们每个人的人生终点站，没人能够成为例外。生命就是如此，因为死亡很可能是生命最好的造物，它是生命更迭的媒介，送走耋耄老者，给新生代让路。5、Your time is limited, so dont waste it living someone else life. Dont be trapped by dogma. Dont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice. And mostly i

13、mportantly, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything is secondary.你们的时间有限，所以不要把时间浪费在别人的生活里。不要被条条框框束缚。不要让他人的观点所发出的噪音淹没你内心的声音。最为重要的是，要有遵从你的内心和直觉的勇气，它们可能已知道你其实想成为一个什么样的人。其他事物都是次要的。U21、The art of living is to know when to ho

14、ld fast and when let go. For life is a paradox: it enjoins us cling to its many gifts even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment. The rabbis of old put it this way: “A man comes to this world with his fist clenched, but when he dies, his hand is open.” We begin by grasping, ultimately we mu

15、st renounce.生活的艺术就是知道何时抓紧与何时放手。因为生活就是一条悖论：它迫使我们牢牢抓住许多礼物，虽然注定到头来还是要放弃。古代的犹太大师曾经这样说过，“一个人握紧拳头来到这个世界，可是当他死的时候，手就松开了”。开始我们抓紧，最终我们必须放弃。2、We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond wi

16、th love when it was tendered.我们记得逝去的美，消蚀的爱。可是我们更痛苦地记得，当美绽放时我们却没有看到，也没有以爱回报我们得到的爱。3、Life is never just being. It is becoming, a relentless flowing on. Our parents live on through us, and we will live on through our children. The institutions we build endure, and will endure through them. The beauty w

17、e fashion cannot be dimmed by death. Our flesh may perish, our hands will wither, but that which they create in beauty and goodness and truth lives on for all time to come.生命决不只是存在，它是变化，无怨无悔的向前奔流。我们的父母通过我们而延续生命，而我们生命在孩子身上得到延续。我们建立的制度会持续存在，我们将通过它们存在下去。我们创造的美不会由于死亡而暗淡。我们的肉体会消失，双手会干枯，可它们创造的真善美将永世长存。4、D

18、ont spend and waste your lives accumulating objects that will only turn to dust and ashes. Pursue not so mush the material as the ideal, for ideals alone invest life with meaning and are of enduring worth.不要耗费生命积聚终将成土成灰的东西。与其追求物质，不如追求理想，因为唯独理想能赋予生命以意义，并具有永久的价值。5、Add love to a house and you have a ho

19、me. Add righteousness to city and you have a community. Add truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school. Add religion to the humblest of edifices and you have a sanctuary. Add justice to the far-flung round of human endeavor and have civilization. Put them all together, exalt them above their

20、 present imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind redeemed, forever free of need and strife and you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.一所房子加上爱就是一个家。一座城市加上正直就是一个社会。一堆红砖加上真理就是一所学校。最简陋的大厦加上信仰就是一座神殿。在人类无尽的努力之上加上正义就是文明。把这些放到一起，在当下的不足之上加以提升，加上人类得到救赎的前景，永远无争无求，你们就有了一个闪耀着绚丽的希望之光

21、的未来。U3课后第一道翻译题不是课本的，忽略！（去年考过）2、Yet I my self have always thought that the real sports story was about failure. Sports, athletics generally, is an activity in which even the great winners, the fabled athletics, finally lose, if only because their bodies eventually give out on them and they can no lon

22、ger do what they once did with what seemed such magnificent ease that it set them apart from other mortals.但我个人一直认为，真正的体育故事其实讲的是失败。体育运动，通常是竞技运动，是一项即使那些伟大的胜者、传奇似的运动员也最终难逃败北下场的一种活动，即使没有其他原因，最终都会因为身体已力不从心，再也无法完成那些得心应手、曾使他们出类拔萃、不同凡响的作为而败出。（去年考过）3、From the outset, athletic were exclusionary and taught th

23、e lesson of human limitation. Some kids were naturally better than others; there was always a sad situation of the boys who were chosen last in playground pickup games, who were usually exiled to the Siberia of right field in baseball, or assigned to work the coal mines of the interior line in footb

24、all.自问世起，竞技运动就有排斥性，教的就是人的局限性的课程。有些孩子天生强于他人。在运动场上临时挑人组队的比赛中，总免不了有令人伤心的局面，有些男孩是最后才被选中的，通常是像流放到西伯利亚那样去棒球场的右外场，或被分配在橄榄球队的内线像采煤工那般干苦累活。4、Sports also gave a boy his first notice that the world was an unjust place, with gifts parceled out unequally: Some boys could run faster, throw harder and farther, jum

25、p higher than othersand that was that. Intelligent practice could often make one better at all these games, but only up to a point. The kids who were naturals-and every schoolyard seemed to have one-could only rarely be surpassed by those who came by their skills through hard work. The world, clearl

26、y, was not a fair place.体育还会给一个男孩第一个警示，这个世界是不公平的，天赋分配不均：一些男孩比别人跑得快，投得又狠又远，跳得高，事情就是这样。在所有运动项目中，智能性训练经常可以提高技能，但也只到一定限度。那些有体育天赋的孩子 每所校园似乎都有一名 很少会被那些靠苦练获得技能的人超过。这个世界显然不是一个公平的地方。5、But one wonders if athletic failure isnt ultimately truer to life than victory. Without meaning to be unduly gloomy about it,

27、 in life some people for while have much better runs than others, but in the end we are all losers: The unexpected trips us up, we suffer setbacks, few are permitted to cross or even get near the finish line intact , the mortality- mirabile dictu-remains at an even 100 percent, and after the game th

28、e likelihood is that none of us is going, as American baseball and football players like to say after winning a championship, to Disney World. Three cheers for the winners, then, but save a couple more for all of us who do not win, and who can use the applause even more.但是有人纳闷，运动中的失败归根结底是不是比胜利更像真实的生

29、活。这么说并非想言之过度沮丧，生活中有些人一度会过得比他人好得多，但到头来我们都是输家：意想不到的事让我们跌跟头，我们遭受挫折，很少有人能完好无损地通过或接近终点。死亡率 说来也妙 保持在整数的百分之百，而且比赛结束后，可能是谁也不会像夺冠后的美国棒球和橄榄球运动员喜欢说的那样，去迪斯尼世界 (Disney World)。为获胜者欢呼三次，但为我们这些不是赢家的人留几声欢呼，掌声对我们用处更大。U41、Libraries, over the centuries, have been the most important way of keeping our collective wisdom.

30、 They were and still are a sort of universal brain where we can retrieve what we have forgotten and what we still do not know. If you will allow me to use such a metaphor, a library is the best possible imitation, by human beings, of a divine mind, where the whole universe is viewed understood at th

31、e same time.数百年来，图书馆一直是保存我们集体智慧最重要的方式。它们始终都是一种全人类的大脑，让我们得以从中寻回遗忘，发现未知。请允许我使用如下暗喻：图书馆是一种最可能被人类效仿的神的智慧，有了它，就可在同一时刻看到并理解整个宇宙。2、Up to now, books still represent the most economical, flexible way to transport information at a very low cost. Computer communication travels ahead of you; books travel with y

32、ou and at your speed.到目前为止，书籍仍然代表着最经济和最灵活的信息传输方式，而且成本非常低廉。电脑交流跑在你前面，书却会与你同行，而且步伐一致。3、I belong to the people who still believe that printed books have a future and that all fears of their disappearance are only the last example of other fears, or of milleniaristic terrors about the end of something,

33、the world included.我属于这样一种人，始终相信印刷书籍仍然有未来，相信在其他诸种恐惧中，或者在对某种东西将要终结的千年恐惧中，包括世界末日的恐惧中，书籍要消失的所有恐惧只是最不可能发生的例子。4、Books will remain indispensable, not only for literature but for any circumstances in which one needs to read carefully, not only in order to receive information but also top speculate and to r

34、eflect about it.书仍将是不可或缺的，这不仅仅是为了识读，也是为了创造仔细阅读所需要的环境，不仅仅是为了接受信息，也是为了对信息进行沉思和反应。5、The idea that a new technology abolishes a previous one is frequently too simplistic. Though after the invention of photography painters did not feel obliged to serve any longer as craftsmen reproducing reality, this di

35、d not mean that Daguerres invention only encouraged abstract painting. 新技术必然导致旧技术废弃的想法往往过于简单化。照相术发明后，虽然画家们感到没有必要再像匠人那样复制现实了，但这并不意味着达盖尔的发明仅仅催生了抽象画法。U5课后翻译题前三道题不是课本的，忽略！4、Make an important discovery, and you are a successful scientist in the true, elitist sense in a profession where elitism is practic

36、ed without shame. You go into the textbooks. Nothing can take that away; you may rest on your laurels the rest of your life. But of course you wont. Almost no one driven enough to make an important discovery ever rests. And any discovery at all is thrilling. There is no feeling more pleasant, no dru

37、g more addictive, than setting foot on virgin soil.作出重要的发现，你就会在精英主义大行其道的专业领域里成为一名真正的精英意义上的成功的科学家。你会进入教科书，且什么也不能将之抹杀；你可以在余生坐享你的桂冠。但你当然不会这样做。在那些总想着作出重大发现的人当中，几乎没有人会停下来，而所有的发现都总是那么激动人心。没有一种感觉比这愉悦，也没有一种毒品比这更令人上瘾，那就是涉足处女地、探索新领域。5、To be highly successful scientist must be confident enough to steer for blu

38、e water, abandoning sight of land for a while. He values risk for its own sake. He keeps in mind that the footnotes of forgotten treatises are strew with the names of the gifted but timid. If on the other hand he chooses like the vast majority of his colleagues to hug the coast, he must be fortunate

39、 enough to possess what i like to define as optimum intelligence for normal science: bright enough to see what need to be done but not so bright as to suffer boredom doing it.要想成为一名非常成功的科学家，他必须有足够的自信在深海中行驶，暂时离开陆地的视界。他重视冒险本身的价值。他谨记那些已被人忘却的专题论文的注脚里到处都是才华横溢但却畏首向前者的名字。但如果他像大多数同行一样沿岸行驶，他则必须恰好具有我所说的那种为一般科学研究所需要的智力：聪明到能知道该做些什么工作但又不至于在从事这些工作时觉得无聊枯燥。