遥感基础实习.doc
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1、【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流遥感基础实习.精品文档.遥感技术基础实习成果Worksheet: Lab 01: Introduction To ENVI (作业,要求每个题在必要的地方要截图,对结果仔细分析后回答问题)1. What are the roles of the three different windows for one image? (影像显示时,三个不同窗口的作用是什么?)分辨率不同,分辨率更高,图像跟详尽2. What is the projection of this image? what is the pixel spatial resolut
2、ion? (给定影像的投影方式是什么?空间分辨率是多少?)投影方式是transverse mercator,L5空间分辨率是25m3. Describe the TM image that you originally opened using the standard false color composition(标准假彩色合成) (in an RGB image, Band 4 (近红外波段)for channel R(红通道), Band 3 (红波段)for channel G(绿通道), Band 2 (绿波段)for channel B) (蓝通道). (影像的彩色合成)a. W
3、hat color is the vegetation surrounding town? Why? (城区外围植被是什么颜色,为什么?)红色,因为植被在近红外波段最敏感,低吸收,高反射。近红外给了红波段,所以是红色。b. What color is the water body? Why? (水体是什么颜色,为什么?)黑色,因为水吸收所有的入射能量。反射率几乎为零4. Describe the TM image that you originally opened using another false color composition(另一种假彩色合成) (in an RGB image
4、, Band 5 for channel R, Band 4 for channel G, Band 3 for channel B). (影像的彩色合成)a. hat color is the vegetation surrounding town? Why? (城区外围植被是什么颜色,为什么?)绿色,band4主要是区分叶子的波段,band4给了G故叶子是绿的。b. What color is water body? Why? (水体是什么颜色,为什么?)黑色,因为水吸收所有的入射能量。反射率几乎为零5. What band and color combinations are requi
5、red to make the image look like what your eye would see (“true color”)? (如何合成一景真彩色影像?) a. What color is the vegetation surrounding town? Why? (城区外围植被是什么颜色,为什么?)绿色,叶子在可见光波段强烈吸收蓝光,红光,强烈反射绿光。绿色b. What color is water body? Why? (水体是什么颜色,为什么?)黑色,因为水吸收所有的入射能量。反射率几乎为零c. Please make a comparison of the vege
6、tation color, water body color based on the results from questions 3,4 and 5. (对3,4,5中植被、水体的颜色作一个对比. )水体颜色没有变化。植被的颜色是:红,浅绿,绿6. Based on the Layer Information window provide the following information about the TM image file: (TM影像的相关信息)a. How many bands does the image have? (影像有几个波段?)7个b. What is the
7、 mean pixel value for Band 4? (第4个波段像素DN值的平均值是多少?)106.119806c. What is the minimum pixel value for Band 2? (第2个波段像素DN值的最小值是多少?)0d. What is the histogram for all bands like in this image? (显示该影像所有波段的直方图。)7. Link band 2 and band 6 based on geographical locations: (基于地理位置对波段2和波段6进行关联)a. What are the DN
8、 values of water body surrounding forbidden city in band 2 and band 6? (波段2和波段6中紫禁城外水体的DN值各是什么?)32、144b. What are the DN values of vegetation in Tiantan Park in band 2 and band 6? (波段2和波段6中天坛公园植被的DN值各是什么?)34、143Worksheet: Lab 2: Converting Radiance to Reflectance1. Draw a diagram showing the path of
9、 light from the sun to the earth, and the reflected path from the earth to the satellite. Label all of the places/processes in this diagram that affect how much light (radiance) is received at the satellite. (画一个草图来表示太阳光到地球并从地球反射到卫星的过程,并标明影响光线传输到卫星的每个过程的名称,可以用画图工具完成后插入到word中)2. Fill in the following
10、 table: Image FileData Type(数据类型)Band 3 Data Range(第三个波段的数值范围)Band 4 Data Range(第四个波段的数值范围)Original DN Value原始DN值整型0-2550-255Radiance (calculated)辐射率浮点型0.000000-264.0000000.000000-220.999985Reflectance (calculated)反射率浮点型0.000000-0.6487850.000000-0.8091363. What is the % reflectance in the Near Infra
11、red band of the pixels that occupies Row 727 and Column 5090, Row 2937 and Column 521? (using pixel locator to locate the position) (第727行、5090列和第2937行、521列像素在近红外波段的反射率各是多少?各像素分别为何地物?是否于其光谱曲线符合?)(提示利用image窗口中,tools下的pixel locator来确定像素的位置,注意列在前,行在后)0.039374 0.321701;水库、云;符合 不符合Worksheet: Lab 03: Expl
12、oring Digital Data1. Which bands do you assign to blue, green, and red primary colors, respectively, to display a true color image (what your eye would see)? (合成真彩色影像)When you assign band 6 to red, band 3 to green and band 2 to blue, what does vegetation look like in the resulting image? What does t
13、his tell you about vegetation reflectance? (6,3,2分别赋给R,G,B,合成影像,其植被的颜色是什么?)Draw a line from your ROI ascii file here for pixels of water, vegetation, building, road and bare soil respectively. 利用excel绘制水体、植被、建筑、道路和裸地的光谱曲线,插入到本题后。Does this reflectance curve resemble the shape of the typical vegetatio
14、n reflectance curve? (植被的光谱是否符合理论上所学的植被的光谱?)符合,在红外近红外效果明显2. Draw spectral profiles (just reproduce the general shape) below for vegetation, Tiananmen Square and water pixels from the TM image. For each, state whether you think the pixel is “pure” or do you think it contains a mixture of materials. E
15、xplain your answers. (利用ENVI工具制作植被、天安门广场和水体的光谱曲线。对于每一个曲线,请考虑其是纯像元还是混合像元,为什么?)水体,纯相元,在同一像素内部存在其他地物天安门,植被,混合相元,同一像素内有多种地物Try to cursor DN values for water body? Why are the values for water so consistently low? (在不同波段浏览水体处的DN值,与其他地物相比,为什么水体的DN值在各个波段都都很低)因为水体吸收所有光,反射率几乎为零3. Try to cursor DN values for
16、forest? Why is it that the forest values are relatively low in bands 1, 2 and 3, but abruptly increase in bands 4 and 5?(浏览林地的DN值,请回答为什么林地在1,2,3波段的DN值很低,在波段4,5的DN值却很高?)植被在红外波段和近红外波段即4、5波段反射能力较强,在可见光即1、2、3波段反射能力低Lab 4: Spatial, Spectral and Radiometric Resolution (空间、光谱和辐射分辨率)For each of the 3 images
17、, indicate with a checkmark in the table below which features you can resolve (see). (标出是否能够看清楚指定的特征,可以用清晰、模糊、分辨不出来形容)FeatureGeoeye (0.5m)Spot Image (2.5m)TM Image (30 m)Large area of water body (大面积的水域)清晰清晰清晰Building (建筑)清晰清晰模糊Road(道路)清晰清晰模糊Individual trees(树)清晰模糊模糊Cars in parking lot or running on
18、 road (车辆)清晰模糊模糊Can you see features that are narrower or smaller than the size of a pixel (e.g., is a road that is less than 30 m wide visible in the TM image?)? If so, why do you think this would be? (你能分辨出比实际像素小的特征地物么?(比如,在TM影像上,比30米窄的道路可以分辨出么?)为什么?)不可以,像素是指人看地图时可以分辨出的最小地物特征Based just on differen
19、ces in spatial resolution, what types of applications might each satellite (Geoeye, Spot, TM) be good for. (根据其分辨率的不同,每种卫星的数据可能用于那些方面?)GEO运用在军事,SPOT商用,TM民用Can you see the shape of the classic vegetation reflectance curve in the graph you created for the Geoeye data? What are the important characteri
20、stics of this curve at this spectral resolution? (根据Geoeye做出的植被的光谱曲线,你能看出植被的光谱曲线形状么?在这种光谱分辨率的曲线中,有何特性?)绿光波段反射较强其他波段均被吸收How about in the curve from the TM image? Can you see the shape of the typical vegetation spectrum? (TM数据的植被光谱怎么样?从中可以看出典型植被的光谱曲线么?)红色波段突出明显,可以看出典型植被光谱How about the curve from the A
21、STER data? Can you see the shape of the typical vegetation spectrum? (ASTER数据的植被光谱怎么样?从中可以看出典型植被的光谱曲线么?)红色波段突出明显,可以看出典型植被光谱Please answer the following questions based on the above information.1. 通过对影像进行快速统计,各影像的DN值范围是多少?为什么是这样的数值范围?TMasic Stats Min Max Mean Stdev Band 1 62 211 89.114275 11.611570 Ba
22、nd 2 27 145 47.915588 9.500303 Band 3 22 206 57.535595 15.327271 Band 4 9 161 62.872689 15.673028 Band 5 5 234 84.670673 25.601810 Band 6 0 143 42.802422 16.822339ASETRBasic Stats Min Max Mean Stdev Band 1 35.152000 164.944000 57.969769 10.352747 Band 2 17.700001 130.272003 39.928081 10.319889 Band
23、3 18.101999 106.888000 46.628289 9.169347 Band 4 16.378000 114.645996 52.243588 11.233229 Band 5 2.391400 14.565800 7.928982 1.597631 Band 6 0.974400 4.384800 2.296851 0.411869 Band 7 0.750000 5.062500 2.186530 0.465974 Band 8 0.656700 4.059600 1.947731 0.392481 Band 9 0.417000 3.294300 1.332940 0.2
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