基于企业参考模型的软件体系结构研究-陈岚.docx
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1、Y 8282U 论文题目 基于企业参考模型的软件体系结构研究 作者姓名 陈 K, 指导教师 王泽兵 教授 冯雁 副教授 学科 (专业 ) 计算机软件与理论 所在学院 计算机荦院 提交 n期 2006年 2月 摘 要 在当今世界经济环境下,市场竞争日益激烈,制造企业面对巨大的竞争压力。为在激烈 的市场竞争中占有一席之地,许多制造企业通过企业信息化和流程改造等手段,以求增强企 业实力。企业建模是企业改造过程中的核心环节。然而在目前的企业建模过程中,存在着大 量的低质量重复性劳动,导致建模成本过高,模型质量低下 .模型实施困难。企业参考模型 最初正是在这种需求卜 产牛 d 与此同时,在知识经济时代,
2、 IT技术的每一次创新和发展总是带动着生产力巨大的进 步和提高,也吸引着大量的优秀人才不断投身技术革命。而软件产业在 IT产业中历来占有重 要的地位,从它 50年前的平凡起步,已经发展成为现代社会的关键一环,影响着全球人类 活动的各个领域。进入 21世纪,这种地位继续得到巩固和凸现。纵观软件产业的发展历史, 计算技术经历了 以机器为中心一以应用为中心一以企业为中心 的变化,同时,我们不难 得出这样的结论:软件开发方法的进步有助于维持软件产品质量、全寿命期、生产成本的平 衡。 同时软件开发长期以来被认为是一项富有创造性的活动。一个软件开发机构在接到一个 新的项目之后,通常遵循需求获取、分析、设计
3、、实现、集成和测试等步骤,进行项目的开 发。传统的开发方法并不强调软件复用,这样就必然导致大量的重复劳动,给软件企业造成 巨大的人力、物力和财力的浪费。对比一些成熟的工程领域,复用是这些领域的一个基本特 征,例如建筑工程、化学工程、计算机硬件工程等 =通过大量复用经过实践检验的系统体系 结构和标准化的组件,使得对于一般的设计问题都可以直接利用现成的解决方法,避免了系 统开发始终在低层次的不断重复,从而人幅度降低开发成本、提高生产效率和产品质量,实 现软件的大规模定制,所以,开展新的软件解决方案的研究,构建灵活稳健的企业信息系统 是我国进行信息化战 略成功的关键 为了实现软件系统的动态重构和大规
4、模定制,只有把业务工程与软件工程结合,开展以 体系结构为中心的组件化开发模式。本文正是基于这一目标,开展了基于参考模型的软件体 系结构研究,主要内容安排如下: 第一章是全文的总体介绍部分,对全文的两个主要研究对象:企业参考模型和软件体 系结构进行了简单的介绍,然后讨论了本文研究的意义,并阐述了本文所做的主要工作。 第二章对软件体系结构进行了研究。该章首先对软件体系结构的定义加以描述,并阐述 了体系结构的意义,简述了软件体系结构的当前研究状况。然后对软件体系结构 描述方法进 行了简单的介绍和比较,为提出基于 XML和 UML的软件体系结构描述方法做了准备。随后 又介绍了软件体系结构的风格。 第三
5、章对基于企业参考模型的软件体系结构进行了研究。该章提出 /基于参考模型的软 件体系结构;在分析参考模型的基础之上,对现有的几个参考模型系统进行了分析比较,指 出了它们存在的不足之处,然后提出了基于企业参考模型的软件体系结构的解决方案和路 线;并对参考模型和软件体系结构的元模型进行了分析,同时给出了元模型描述方法,为第 四章的基于参考模型的软件体系结构描述语言及其实现提供概念基础。 在第二和第二章论述的基础上,第四章结合基于参考模型的软件体系结构的元模型, 介紹了基于元模型的模型交换技术,建立了描述基于参考模型的软件休系结构描述语 - XUADL的 XML模式。设计了支持参考模型和软件体系结构相
6、互转换的模型转换器。提出了 基于参考模型的软件体系结构集成模型 ( RMA1平台 ) 的目标与主要功能,并给出了基于 RMA丨平台的业务系统开发模型。 本文第五章对全文的工作进行了总结,并对进一步的丄作进行了展望 关键词:信息化,企业参考模型 ,软件体系结构,大批量定制,模型驱动架构 ( MDA), 元模型,元数据交换 ( XMI), 元对象设施 ( MOF),转换器,组件, RMA1 ABSTRACT Today, manufacturing enterprises have to endure the tremendous press because of the keen competi
7、tion of market. In order to gain a place in the market, many enterprises try their best to enhance the general strength with several ways such as Enterprise Information, Business Process Reengineering and so on. Enterprise modeling is an important section during the reengineering. But there are many
8、 iterant and cheesy activities. These activities have brought on higher cost and lower quality for enterprise modeling. People have difficulty in using these cheesy modeJs, Then the researches on enterprise reference models are raised. At the same time, in the knowledge economy time, each innovation
9、 and the development of IT technology always cause the huge progress and the enhancement of productive forcs,it also attracts the massiv outstanding talented people to join in the technological revolution unceEisingly, Software industry always holds the important status in the IT industry, for 50 ye
10、ars sit already developed as a key link of modem society, and affecting each domain of the world. In the 21st century, this kind of status continues to obtain consolidated. Looking over the software industry development history, the computation technology has experienced the change offtake the machi
11、ne as the center - take the application as the center - take the enterprise as the center1, now we can get a such conclusion: The progress of software exploitation method is helpful to the maintenance of software product quality, the life cycle time, the production cost balance. Software development
12、 has been regarded as a creative activity. Usually, a soflweire development organization starts a new project based on following processes: Demand research, Analysis, design, implement, integration and testing. The traditional software development does not require software reuse, which has wasted a
13、lot of labor and money. Compared software field with some other mature engineering fields, reuse of resources is a basic character of such fields as architectural engineering, chemicai engineering and computer hardware engineering. By reuse of those practice proved architecture and standard componen
14、ts, development cost has been largely reduced, production efficiency has been greatly improved and product quality will be more competitive. Thus, we can apply the existing solution into common design and avoid the system development wandering atxund the low level, so that the software industry can
15、come inalso clarify the significance of the research, clue of the idea and its organization structure. Jn chapter two comes the software architecture !! this chapter, the history of software architecture development has been shortly introduced. By comparing the software architecture with other archi
16、tecture, in this paper the unique description to software architecture has been introduced followed with the explanation on introduction of XML based uniform software architecture description language. In chapter three, software architecture based on enterprise reference mode has been displayed and
17、discussed. In this chapter, by analyzing the reference model architecture and comparing it with other existing reference model architectures, some shortcomings of the existing reference model architecture have been found, and then bring forward the solution and route. Then analyze the Meta model of
18、the reference model and software architecture and set up reference model Meta model and software architecture Meta model respectively, at the same time, introduced the Meta model description, which has set a background for software architecture integration development environment in chapter four. Ch
19、apter four is based on the above chapter two and chapter three and introduced model exchange technology on the basis of Meta model, taking consideration of the Meta model of software architecture based on reference model. In this chapter, XML schema of xuADL description to software architecture base
20、d on has been introduced, A model exchanger for reference model and software architecture has been set up in this environment.On the basis of above introduction on the software architecture based on reference model, the software architecture integration environment based on reference model (RMAl)has
21、 been submitted. Then a model for the development centered on software system based on reference model has come into being. Chapter five has come into conclusion to the whole paper and forwards the expectation to future job. Key Words: Informazation, Enterprise reference model, Software architecture
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