初中重点英语语法小型总结.docx

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1、初中重点英语语法小型总结 初中重点英语语法小型总结1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官动词)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越怎么样Youllbebetterandbetter3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟（简单）4agreewithsb赞成某人5allkindsof各种各样，akindof一样6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界7alongwith同一道，伴随Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去8Assoonas一怎

2、么样就怎么样9asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor求助向要（干脆接想要的东西）eg:askyouformybook11asksbforsth向某人什么12asksbtodosth叫某人做某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事13attheageof在岁时eg：IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen14atthebeginningof的起初；的起先15attheendof+地点/+时间最终；终点；末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候17be/feelconfidentofsth感觉/对什么有信念，自

3、信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglish18be+doing表示：1现在进行时2将来时19beabletodo=cando能够eg:SheisabletosingShecansing2021beafraidtodo/ofsth恐惊，胆怯eg:Imafraidtogooutatnight.Imafraidofthedog22beallowedtodo被允许做什么eg:ImallowedtowatchTV我被允许看电视23beangrywithsb生某人的气eg:Dontbeangrywithme24beangrywith(at)sbfor(doing)sth为

4、而生某人的气25beas+形容词原级+as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一样高26beashamedto为做而感到羞愧27keepawayfrom远离28beawayfrom从离开29bebadfor对有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30bebornat/in诞生于eg：IwasborninChina.31bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于32becareful当心；当心33bedifferentfrom和什么不一样34befamousfor以闻名35befri

5、endlytosb对某人友好36befrom=comefrom来自eg：HeisfromBeijing=HecomesfromBeijing37befullof=befilledwith充溢/装满了eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater38begladtodo很兴奋去做某事39begoingtodo将来时40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善长,擅长41begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish42behappytodo很兴奋做某事43beingood

6、health身体健康44behelpfultosb对某人有好处eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大声朗读对你有好处45beintrouble处于困难中eg:Sheisintrouble。46beinterestedin对某方面感爱好47belatefor迟到eg:Belateforclass上课迟到48belike像eg:Imlikemymother49bemadat=beangrywith生某人的气50bemadefrom由制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51bemadeof由制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52benotsure表不确定53beonavisitto参观54

7、bepopularwithsb受某人欢迎55bequiet宁静56beshortfor是的缩写57besorrytodosth58besickinbed生病在床59besorryforsb对某人感到缺憾、愧疚60besure表示确定61bestrictindoingsth严于做某事eg:Hesstrictinobeyingrules62bestrictwithsb对某人要求严格eg:Theyarenotstrictwiththemselves他们对自己不严格63bestrictwithsbinsth某方面对某人严格64besupposedtodo被要求干什么66besureofdoingsth

8、对做某事有信念eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwell67besureofsth对做某事有信念eg:Imsureofmyhead(myteacher我信任我的大脑（老师）68besurethatsth对做某事有信念eg:Imsurethathecanpassthetest我信任他能通过考试69besuretodosth肯定会做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我们肯定会通过这次考试70beterrifiedof+名/动doing胆怯71beterrifiedtodosth胆怯做某事72bethesameas和什么一样7

9、3beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事eg:Heisusedtogettingupearly他习惯早睡74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraidtodosth胆怯做某事beafraidofsth胆怯某物beafraidthat丛句76because+句子becauseof+短语eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadache77begintodo=starttodo起先做某事startwith=beginwith以起先eg:Ibegintogohome.Letsbeginthegame

10、withthesong.78betweenand两者之间79bother打搅bothersbtodosthTheproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks这个问题困扰了我几个周了Hesbotheringmetolendhimmoney80takesbto+地点带某人去某地eg:Canyoutakemetothehospital?81borrowsthfromsb向某人借某物lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借给什么东西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhim.Helentapentome(helentmeapen82bytheendof到为止83calls

11、bstheg:Wecallhimoldwang84careabout关切eg:Dontyoucareaboutthiscountrysfuture?你为什么不关切国家的将来85catchupwithsb赶上某人86chatwithsb和某人闲谈87comein进88comeoverto过来89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一个好方法吗？90communicatewithsb和某人沟通91consider+doing考虑做什么eg:WhynotconsidergoingtoLuzhou为什么不考虑去泸州？92danceto随着跳舞eg:S

12、helikesdancingtothemusic她喜爱随着音乐跳舞93decidetodosth确定做某事94doasurveyof做某方面的调查95dobetterin在方面做得更好96dowrong做错97Dontforgettodosth不要忘了做某事98Dontmind+doing/从句/名词不要介意99each+单数名词，每一个eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一个学生都有一些书100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜爱102escapefrom从逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison犯人从监狱里逃跑出

13、来103expecttodosth期盼做某事104falldown摔下来falloff从哪摔下来105fallinlovewithsb/sth爱上什么106finish完成+doing（名词）107find+it+adj+todo发觉做某事怎么样112fromto从某某到某某eg:Frommeforher108findsb/sth+adj发觉什么怎么样eg:Ifindthebookinteresting109farfrom离某地远eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome110fittosb=befitforsb适合某人111forgettodo没有做而忘了eg:Dontforge

14、ttogohomeforgetdoing做了而又忘了eg：Iforgetclosingdoor113get/havesthdown做完，被（别人）做eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了发(头发被剪了）Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob115getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb与某人相处得好116getalongwithsb=getonwithsb与某人相处117getreadyfor=bereadyfor为什么而打算eg:Igetr

15、eadyformathIamreadyformath118getsbintotrouble给某人麻119getsbtodosth120getfrom从某处得到某物121giveatalk做报告eg:Heisgiveatall122givesthtosbgivesbsth给某人某物123gofish钓鱼goswimming游泳124gooutawayfromgooutof125goontodo去做下一件事goondoing接着做这件事126gotoschool上学（用于专业的）gototheschool去学校（不肯定是上学，有可能只是去学校）127goodwayto好方法128hatetodo厌

16、烦没做过的事hatedoing厌烦做过的事129haveapartyforsb举办谁的晚会130haveatalk听报告谈一谈131havebeendoing现在完成进行时eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeensleepingsince132havebeento(地方）去过某过地方havegoneto（地方）去了某地还没回来133havefun+doing玩得兴奋134havesthtodo有什么事要做eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo我有许多家庭作业要做Ihavenothingtodo我没什么事情做135havetodosth必需做某事136hav

17、etime+doing有的时间做某事137havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth在做某事情上有麻烦138have(时间)off放假eg:Ihavemonthoff我请一个月得假139hearsb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事140helpalot很大用处141helpsbwithsthonessth帮助某人某事（某方面）helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事142hopetodosth希望做某事143Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你对的看法145i

18、fwhether是否eg:Idontknowif(whether)Ishouldgototheparty我不知道是否应去参与晚会Hedontknowif(whether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146if:假如，假如“主将从现”eg:IllgotoLuZhouifitdoesntrain假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假如他们要变更安排，他们会让我知道的147inonesopinion=sbthink某人认为148insomeways在某些方面149in

19、theend=finally(adv)最终150inthesun在太阳下151inthenorthof什么在什么的北方（north北south南west西east东）152increase增加eg:Theyveincreasedthepriceofpetrolby3%他们把石油价增加了3%153insteadof+（名）代替eg:Idlikeanappleinsteadofapear我想要苹果，而不要梨子154introducesbtosb介绍某人给某人introduceoneself自我介绍155invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事156Its+adj+todo做某事怎么样157It

20、takessbsometimetodosth做某人花掉某人多少时间eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomework158Its+adj+forsbtodosth对某人来说做某事怎么样159Its+adjforsb对于某人来说怎么样Its+adjofsb对某人来说太怎么样160Its+adj(forsb)todo（对某人来说）做某事怎么样161Itsagoodideaforsbtodosth对来说是个好办法162Itsimportanttosb对某人来说很重要eg:Itsimportanttome163Itstimetodosth=Itstimeforsth到了该去做某事的时间

21、eg:Itstimetohaveclass164join=takepartin参与165justnow刚才166keep+sb/sth+adj/介词短语让什么保持什么样？167keepout不让进入168keepsbadj让保持eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappykeephealthy保持健康169keyto+名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170keytoanswertokey可以是答题或钥匙171laughat取笑eg:DontlaughatothersWelaughedatthejoke172learnbyoneself自学173learntodosth学做某事174l

22、earnfromsb向某人学习eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng175letsbdosth让某人做某事176Letsbdown让某人悲观178livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhouShelivesatXuanTan179lookafter=takecareof照看照看180loseonesway谁迷路181makeadecisiontodosth确定做某事182makeitearly把时间定的早一点183makefriendswithsb和谁成为挚友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyou184makeonexhibit

23、ionofoneself让某人出洋相185makesb/sthadj使某人/某物怎么样186makesb/n+n使什么成为什么eg:ImadehermystepmollerImadeyoumywife187makesb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么样eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean188makesbdosth让某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite我以前让他写189makeupbemadeupof(被动语态）由组成190makedifferenceto191mindsbtodomindonesdoing介意做什么192most+名mostof+代193muchtoo

24、+形容词194mustbe肯定195need+名词196needsbdosth须要某人做某事197needtodo(实义动词）needdo(情态动词）198no/neitherofhatetodono/neitherofhatedoing199no+名词200notanymore=nomore再也不eg:HedidntcryanymoreHecriednomore他再也不哭201not(形、副）atalleg:Hesnottallatallshedoesntjunpfaratall202notatall一点都不203notuntil直到才eg:Ididntsleepuntilmymotherc

25、amebackThechilddidntstopcryinguntilIgivehersugar204noteither表否定，也不eg:Idonthavesister,either我也没有姐姐205offer/providesbwithsth给某人供应206offersbsth=offersthtosb供应某物给某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou我给你供应水207ononeswayto在谁去那的路上208ontime准时intime刚好209ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面210onthephone=overthepho

26、ne用电话交谈211onedaysomedaysomeday一天，有一天212oneof+可数名词的复数形式213onetoanother一个到另一个214overandoveragain一遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveragin215part-timejob兼职工作fall-timejob全职工作216payfor付钱paythebill开钱，付钱217practice+doing练习做某事218pleasehelpyourself219pleasedwithsb220poolinto=poreinto222prefersthtosth相对更喜爱eg:

27、Ipreferphysicstochemisty在物理和化学中，我更喜爱物理preferdoingtosth比起更喜爱去做eg:Heprefersridingabiketodiving他比起开小车更喜爱骑自行车。prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿做也不愿eg:Myunclepreferstobuyanowcarratherthanrepaivtheusedone我叔叔更喜爱买新的车，也不去修旧车prefersbnottodosth更情愿eg:Ipreferhernottocome我不喜爱她不来223pretendtodosth装着去做什么pretendthat从句eg

28、:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard这两个骗子装着努力工作Hepretendedthathedidnotknowtheanswer他装着不知道答案224ratherthan宁可也不eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher我愿肯当医生，也不当老师225regardas把当作eg:Iregardyouasmyfriend我把你当作我的挚友226remindsbaboutsth提示某人什么事remindsbtodosth提示某人做某事eg:heremindsmeaboutcooking=heremindsmetocook他

29、提示我做饭227remindsbofsth使某人想起什么eg:thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays这照片使我想起了我的学校228returnsthtosb还什么东西给某人229saytooneself对自己说230saytosb对某人说231sbspendsomemoneyonsth花了多少钱在某事上232sbspendsometimewithsb花了多少时间陪谁233sbwithsb+issbandsb+are234sbspendsometime(in)doingsth花了多少时间做某事235seesbdo望见某人做过某事seesbdoing望见某人正在做某事2

30、36seemtodo/be+adj显得怎么样eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappy237send+sbsth送给某人某物238sendto把什么寄到哪里去？239shock使震惊eg:Oh,Itsonlyyou!Yougivemeashock啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240showsbsth向某人展示某物eg:Ishowherthebook.241showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么东西给某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome242showsthtosb向某人展示某物eg:Ishowthebooktoher.243someot

31、hers一些另一些244startwith从起先beginwith从起先245stayawayfrom远离eg:Weretoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhenvisitingthezoo当我们参观zoo时，我们要远离动物246stopdoing停下正在做的事247stopsbfromdoingsth阻挡某人做某事248stopsb(from)doing阻挡某人做某事249stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事250such+名这样，这种251suitsb适合某人252surprisesb使某人惊异toonessurprise令某人惊异253takeclasses上

32、课254takesbto把某人带去eg:Itakeyoutothehospital255takewalks=takeawalkgoforawalk漫步256talkto对谁说eg:Italktoyoutalkwith和谁说eg:Italkwithhimtalkof谈到eg:wetalkedofyoutalkabout谈论关于257talkwithsb和某人说话258teachsbsth教某人做某事259tellsbdosth告知某人做某事260tellsbsth告知某人某事261tellsbsthtellsbthat丛句tellsbnottodosthtellastory262tellsbto

33、dosth告知某人做什么tellsbnottodosth告知某人不要做什么263tellfrom264thankyoufor+doing265thesame+名词(doing)+as266thesame(名)asas(adjadv)as相同267thewaytodosththewayofdoingsth做某事的方法eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglish268thewayto（地点）到哪的269tooto太怎样而不能=adj+enoughto足够能=sothat+丛句eg:Heistooyoungtogot

34、oschool=Heissoyoungthathecantgotoschool=HeisoldenoughtogotoschoolHeissooldthathecangotoschool270translateinto把什么翻译成什么eg:TranslateEnglishintoChinese271travelwithsb和某人去旅游272tryonesbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwell273trytodosth想干什么，但没胜利eg：Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去，但没胜利trydoingsth想干什么

35、，已经做过了eg：Hetriedclimbing他想爬上去，已经做过了274try（on）试衣服haveatry试一下275turndown开小turnup开大276turnoff关上turnon打开open拆开277upsidedown倒着278visitto参观某个地方279waitforsb等某人扩展阅读：初中的英语语法总结登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语中学英语语法网络图一名词I.名词的种类：专出名词一般名词可数名词不行数名词国名.地名.人名，团体.机构名称个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词II.名词的数：1.规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方

36、法与读音规则列表如下：规则例词1一般状况在词尾加-smap-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days2以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-esclass-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishesleaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives以-f或-fe结尾的变-f和-fe为v再加-es3词belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,gulf-gulfs加-s4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变

37、y为i加-esparty-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专出名词以y结5toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys尾的，加-shero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes一般加-es以辅音字母加-o6piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos不少外来词加-s结尾的名词zero-zeros/zeroes,v

38、olcano-volcanoes/volcanos两者皆可7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-struth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,2.不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：规则例词1变更名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice2单复数相同sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,speciesl

39、i,yuan,jin,3只有复数形式ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents4一些集体名词总是用作复数people,police,cattle,staff部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,5population,crew,team,public,enemy,party复数（成员）customs(海关),forces(军队),times(时代),spirits(心情),drinks(饮

40、6复数形式表示特殊含义料),sands(沙滩),papers(文件报纸),manners(礼貌),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans加-s表示Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese单复数同形7“某国以-man或-woman结尾的改为人”Englishmen,Frenchwomen-men,-womensons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfrien

41、ds将主体名词变为复数合成名8无主体名词时将最终一部分变为复数grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches词womensingers,menservants将两部分变为复数III.名词的全部格：名词在句中表示全部关系的语法形式叫做名词全部格。全部格分两种：一是名词词尾加s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。1.s全部格的构成：theboysfather,Jacksbook,herson-in-lawsphoto,单数名词在末尾加s复数名词一般在末尾加不规则复数名词后加stheteachersroom,thetwinsmother,

42、thechildrenstoys,womensrights,2天背完初中单词4天背完中学单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语以s结尾的人名全部格加s或者表示各自的全部关系时,各名词末尾均须加s表示共有的全部关系时在最终一词末加sDickensnovels,Charlessjob,theSmithshouseJapansandAmericasproblems,JanesandMarysbikesJapanandAmericasproblems,JaneandMarysfather表示某人家店铺，全部格后名词省略thedoctors,thebarbers,thetail

43、ors,myuncles2.s全部格的用法：todaysnewspaper,fiveweeksholiday表示时间2theearthsatmosphere,thetreesbranches表示自然现象3thecountrysplan,theworldspopulation,Chinasindustry表示国家城市等地方的名词4theshipscrew,majoritysview,theteamsvictory表示工作群体5amilesjourney,fivedollarsworthofapples表示度量衡及价值6与人类活动有特别关系的名词thelifestime,theplaysplot7

44、某些固定词组abirdseyeview,astonesthrow,atoneswitsend(不知所措)3.of全部格的用法：用于无生命的东西：thelegsofthechair,thecoverofthebook用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：theclassroomsofthefirst-yearstudents用于名词化的词：thestruggleoftheoppressed二冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a,an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法：1Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.指一类人或事，相当于akindof2Aboyiswaitingfory

45、ou.第一次提及某人某物，非特指3Westudyeighthoursaday.表示“每一”相当于every，one4Wearenearlyofanage.表示“相同”相当于thesame用于人名前，表示不相识此人或与某名人有AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout5ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.类似性质的人或事6用于固定词组中Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisrather

46、abigone.8用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.II.定冠词的用法：1表示某一类人或物Thehorseisausefulanimal.2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?4用于乐器前面playtheviolin,playtheguitar5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人thereach,theliving,thewounded6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”

47、theGreens,theWangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench9用于表示独创物的单数名词前ThecompasswasinventedinChina.10在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年头inthe1990s11用于表示单位的名词前Ihiredthecarbythehour.12用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前Hepattedmeontheshoulder.III

48、.零冠词的用法：12345专出名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?March,Sunday,NationalDay,springLincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.Helikesplayingfootball/chess.2天背完初中单词4天背完中学单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前bytrain,byair,byland7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8表示泛指的复数名词前Horsesareusefulanimals.三代词：I.代词可以分为以下七大类：I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they人称主格1代词宾格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them2mine,yours,his,hers,its,