财务报表分析中英文对照外文翻译文献编辑.docx

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1、文献信息：文献标题：The Need Of Financial Statement Analysis In A Firm or An Orgnization（企业或机构财务报表分析的必要性）国外作者：Suneetha G文献出处：InternationalJournalofScienceEngineeringand AdvanceI Technology(JSEAT),2017,5(6):731-735字数统计：2541 单词，15110 字符；中文 4377 汉字外文文献：The Need Of Financial Statement Analysis In A Firm Or An Org

2、nizationAbstract Financial statement analysis play a dominate role in setting the frame watt of managerial decisions through analysis and interpretation of financial statement. This paper discusses about financial strength and weakness of the company by properly establishing relationship between the

3、 items of balance shed and profit and loss account. In order to judge the profitability and financial soundness ofthe company horizontal, and vertical analyze or done. The various technique used in analyzing financial statement included comparative statement, common size statement, trend analysis an

4、d ratio analysis. The results suggest that the ratio approach is a highly useful tool in financial statement analysis, especially when a set of ratios is used to evaluate a firms performance.Key words: Financial statement analysis, to evaluate a firms performance.Comparative statement. Common size s

5、tatement, trend analysis and ratio analysis.1. IntroductionThe basis for financial analysis , planning and decision making is financial information/a business firm has to prepares its financial accounts viz., balance sheet , profit and loss account which provides useful financial information for the

6、 purpose of decision making . Financial information is needed to predict. Compare and evaluate the fins earnings ability. The formers statements viz. profit and loss accountshows that operating activities of the concern and the later balance sheet depicts the balance value of the acquired assetsand

7、of liabilities at a particular point of time. However these statements dont disclose all of the necessary for ascertaining the financial strengths and weaknesses of an enterprise. it is necessary to analyze the data depicted in the financial statements. The finance manager has certain analytical too

8、ls which helps is financial analysis and planning. Doron nissim, stephen h. Penman, (2003), FinancialStatement Analysis of Leverage and How it Informs About Profitability and Price-to-Book Ratios. Survey of Accounting Studies, Kluwer Academic PublishersAs per examine by Doron Nissim. Stephen H. Penm

9、an on Financial proclamation investigation of Leverage and how it illuminates about gainfulness and cost to book proportions, money related explanation examination that recognizes use that emerges in financing exercises from use that emerges in operations. The examination yields two utilizing condit

10、ions. one for getting to back operations and one for obtaining over the span of operations. This examination demonstrates that the budgetary explanation investigation clarifies cross-sectional contrasts in present and future rates of return and additionally cost to-snare proportions, which depend on

11、 expected rates of profit for value. This investigation helps in understanding working influence contrasts in productivity in the cross-areas. changes in future productivity from current benefit and legally binding working liabilities from evaluated liabilities. Yating Van, H.W. Chuang,(2010) Financ

12、ial Ratio Adjustment Process: Evidencefrom Taiwan and North America,1SSN 1450-2887 Issue 43 (2010)0 Euro Journals Publishing, Inc. 20102. Financial statements analysisIt is a process of identifying the financial strengths and weaknesses of a firm from the available accounting data and financial stat

13、ements. The analysis is done by properly establishing the relationship between the items of balance sheet and profit and loss account. The first task of the financial analyst is to determine the information relevant the decision under consideration from the total information contained in financial s

14、tatement. The second step isto arrange information in a way to highlight significant relationships. The final step is interpretation and drawing of inferences and conclusions. Thus financial analysis is the process of selection, relatingand evaluation of the accounting data or information.Purpose of

15、 financial statements analysisFinancial statements analysis is the meaningful interpretation of financial statements for panics demanding financial information. It is not necessary for the proprietors alone. In general, the purpose of financial statements analysis is to aid decision making between t

16、he users of accountsTo evaluate past performance and financial positionTo predict future performanceTools and techniques of financial analysis:Comparative balance sheetCommon size balance sheetTrend analysisRatio analysisComparative balance sheetComparative financial statements is a statement of the

17、 financial position of a business so designed as to facilitate comparison of different accounting variables for drawing useful inferences. Financial statements of two or more business enter prices may be compared over period of years. This is known as inter firm comparison Financial statements of th

18、e particular business enter pries may be compared over two periods of years. This is known inter period comparisonCommon size statementsIt facilities the comparison of two or more business entities with a common base.in case of balance sheet, total assets or liabilities or capital can be taken as a

19、common base. These statements are calledcommon measurements or components percentage or 100 percent statements. Since each statement is representated as a %of the total of 100 which in variably serves as the base.In this manner the announcements arranged to draw out the proportion of every benefit o

20、f risk to the aggregate of the monetary record and the proportion of every thing of cost or incomes to net deals known as the basic size articulations.Pattern investigationEven examination of money related explanations can likewise be completed by figuring pattern rates. Pattern rate expresses quite

21、 a long whiles budgetary information as far as a base year. The base year rises to 100 %, with every single other year expressed in some rate of this baseProportion investigationProportion investigation is the technique or process by which the relationship of things or gatherings of things in the bu

22、dgetary proclamations are registered. decided and introduced. Proportion investigation is an endeavor to determine quantitativemeasures or aides concerning the money related wellbeing and benefit of the business venture. Proportion investigation can be utilized both in pattern and static examination

23、. There are a few proportions at the examiner yet the gathering of proportions he would incline toward relies upon the reason and the destinations of the investigation.Bookkeeping proportions are viable apparatuses of examination; they are pointers of administrative and over all operational producti

24、vity. Proportions, when appropriately utilized are fit for giving valuable data. proportion examination is characterized as the deliberate utilization of proportions to decipher the money related explanations with the goal that the qualities and shortcomings of a firm andin addition its chronicled e

25、xecution and current monetary condition can be resolved the term proportion alludes to the numerical or quantitative connection between things factors this relationship can be communicated as:(1)Fraction (2)Percentages (3)Proportion of numbersThese option strategies for communicating things which ar

26、e identified with each other are, for reason for money related investigation, alluded to as proportion examination. It ought to be seen that processing the proportion does not include any data in the figures of benefit or deals. What the proportions do is that they uncover the relationship in a more

27、 important manner in order to empower us to reach inferences from them.As indicated by look into by the Yating yang and 11W. Chuang. on Monetary Ratio Adjustment Process: Evidence from Taiwan and North America. measurable legitimacy of the proportion strategy in monetary articulation examination is

28、researched. The outcomes hence recommend that the proportion approach is a valuable instrument in monetary explanation investigation, particularly when an arrangement of proportions is utilized to assess an associations execution. Thestraightforwardness of this strategy additionally underpins the ut

29、ilization of proportions in money related basic leadership.3. Money related proportions in perspective of GAAPGAAP is the arrangement of standard systems for recording business exchanges and detailing accounting report passages. The components of GAAP incorporate norms for how to figure income, how

30、to arrange things on a monetary record, and how to ascertain exceptional offer estimations. The models fused into (MAP give general consistency in assumes that are thusly used to ascertain imperative money related proportions that financial specialists and investigators use to assess the organizatio

31、n. Indeed, even agreeable monetary records can be trying to unravel, yet without a framework characterizing every class of section, corporate money related articulations would be basically dark and useless.There are seven fundamental rule that guide the foundation of the Generally Accepted Accountin

32、g Principles. The standards of normality, consistency, perpetual quality and genuineness go towards the urging organizations to utilize the same legitimate bookkeeping hones quarter after quarter in a decent confidence push to demonstrate the genuine money related state of the organization. None rem

33、uneration, judiciousness and progression build up rules for how to set up a monetary record, by and large to report the budgetary status of the organization as it is without treating resources in irregular ways that distort the operations of the organization just to balance different sections. The r

34、ule of periodicity basic implies that salary to be gotten extra time ought to be recorded as it is booked to be gotten, not in a singular amountin advance.The brought together arrangement of bookkeeping in this manner has various advantages. Not exclusively does it give a specific level of straightf

35、orwardness into an organizations funds. it likewise makes for generally simple examinations betweenorganizations.Subsequently,GAAPempowersventurebyhelpingfinancial specialists pick shrewdly. GAAP gives America organizations preference over remote ones where financial specialists, unless they have a

36、cozy comprehension of the business, may have a great deal more trouble figuring the potential dangers and prizes of a venture. GAAP applies to U.S.- based enterprises just, however every other real nation has bookkeeping measures set up for their local organizations. Now and again, remote bookkeepin

37、g is genuinely like U.S. GAAP, changing in just minor and effectively represented ways. In different cases, the models change fundamentally making direct examinations questionable, best case scenario.4. Advantages and Limitations of Financial Ratio AnalysisFinancial ratio analysis is a useful tool f

38、or users of financial statement. It has following advantages:Focal pointsIt improves the money related proclamations.It helps in contrasting organizations of various size and each other.It helps in drift examination which includes looking at a solitary organization over a period.It highlights impera

39、tive data in basic frame rapidly. A client can judge an organization by simply taking a gander at few number as opposed to perusing of the entire monetary explanations.RestrictionsRegardless of convenience, finance.ial proportion examination has a few burdens.Some key faults of budgetary proportion

40、examination are:Different organizations work in various enterprises each having distinctivenatural conditions, for example, control, showcase structure, and so on. Such factors curve so huge that a correlationof two organizations from various ventures may be deceiving.Financial bookkeeping data is i

41、nfluenced by assessments and presumptions. Bookkeeping principles permit diverse bookkeeping arrangements, which disables likeness and subsequently proportion examination is less helpful in such circumstances. Ratio investigation clarifies connections between past data while clients aremore worried

42、about present and future data.The investigation helps for breaking down the alteration procedure of money related proportions; the model states three impacts which circular segment an associations interior impact, expansive impact, and key administration. It encourages us to clarify(1) That a compan

43、ys budgetary proportions reflect unforeseen changes in the business.(2) Active endeavors to accomplish the coveted focus by administration and (3)An individual associations money related proportion development.DialogMonetary proclamations investigation is the way toward looking at connections among

44、components of the organizations bookkeeping articulations or money related explanations (accounting report, salary articulation. proclamation of income and the announcement of held profit) and making correlations with pertinent data. It is a significant instrument utilized by financial specialists.

45、leasers, monetary investigators. proprietors. administrators and others in their basic leadership handle The most well known sorts of money related explanations examination curve:Horizontal Analysis: monetary data are thought about for at least two years for asolitary organization:Vertical Analysis:

46、 every thing on a solitary monetary explanation is figured as arate of an aggregate for a solitary organization;Ratio Analysis: analyze things on a solitary budgetary articulation or look at theconnections between things on two monetary proclamations.Money related proportions examination is the most

47、 widely recognized type of budgetary explanations investigation. Monetary proportions delineate connections between various parts of an organizations operations and give relative measures of the companys conditions and execution. Monetary proportions may give intimations and side effects of the mone

48、y related condition and signs of potential issue regions. It by and large holds no importance unless they are looked at against something else, as past execution, another organization/contender or industry normal. In this way, the proportions of firms in various enterprises, which confront distinctive conditions, are generally difficult to analyze.Money related proportions can be a critical instrument for entrepreneurs and administrators to gauge their advance toward achieving organization objectives, and toward contending with bigger organizations inside an in