Unit 2 Reading长难句分析讲义--牛津译林版高中英语模块三.docx

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1、模块三Unit 2 Reading【长难句援引】For example, the wordsickcame from a word once used by the Angles and the Saxons, whileillcame from a word once used by the Norwegians.（P22）【结构分析】本句中while 是一个并列连词，连接两个并列句，表示前后两者对比，意为“而，然而”。once used by the Angles and the Saxons和once used by the Norwegians是两个过去分词短语作后置定语表示被动含义，

2、修饰word，其作用相当于一个定语从句。【词汇必背】while conj. 而，然而 （= but）Betty wanted to go to the party, while I wanted to stay at home.贝蒂想去参加聚会，而我只想呆在家里。conj. 虽然.；尽管.（= although）While he is not perfect, I do actually like the man.虽然他不是那么完美，但我实际上还是非常喜欢这个男人的。conj. 在.的过程中；当.的时候While I was in Brazil I went to watch the Olym

3、pic Games.在巴西的时候，我去看了奥运会。conj. 只要 （= as long as）While there is life, there is hope. 有生命，就有希望。n. 一会儿，一段时间I havent seen him for a while. 我已经很久没见到他了。【参考译文】比如，sick一词就是来自由盎格鲁和撒克逊人曾经用过的一个词，而ill则来自曾经被挪威人用过的一个词。【翻译提示】对于本句这样含有并列结构的句子，先找出并列连词，再提炼句子核心，句子主干理解明白后再理解余下的修饰成分。【真题再现】1.In testsconducted by Tom tassel

4、, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world. 结构分析：过去分词短语conducted by Tom tassel作后置定语，修饰tests2.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasterslinked to El Nino, reducing their lo

5、sses needs to be the priority. 结构分析：过去分词短语linked to El Nino作后置定语，修饰disasters。【句式仿写1】根据提示补全句子：1. He bought an apartment _. （建于10年前）2. The decision _ surprised all of us. （会上做的决定）3. _ were famous scientists. （被邀请参加会议的很多人）4. _ is my daughter. （穿红色衣服的那个学生）【词汇过关1】把下列句子翻译成汉语，说出while的含义：1.While listening t

6、o the radio, she fell asleep.2. While he loves his children, he is very strict with them.3. I do all the housework, while my husband just does the dishes now and then.【长难句援引】However, the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxonsvictory about 600 years earlier, which

7、 led to Old English replacing Celtic.(P22)【结构分析】which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词victory，先行词在从句中作主语。Old English replacing Celtic是动名词的复合结构作介词to的宾语。【词汇必背】1. lead to 导致；通向（to是介词，后接名词、代词或-v.ing形式）The drivers carelessness led to the accident. 司机的粗心导致了这次事故。All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。lead sb. to do sth. 使得/引导某人做

8、某事What led you to make such a decision? 什么使你做出这样的决定？lead the way 领路，引路；带头，先行You have been there before - why dont you lead the way?你以前去过那里为什么不给我们带路？The country has been leading the way in space technology.这个国家在航天技术方面一直处于领先地位。lead a . life 过着.的生活He was able to lead a normal life, despite the illness.

9、尽管有病但他还可以过正常的生活。2. replace v. 取代，代替(= take the place of )E-mail has largely replaced the traditional business letter.电子邮件已在很大程度上取代了传统的商务信件。v. 把.放回原位My daughter replaced the cup carefully on the table. 我女儿小心翼翼地把杯子放回桌上。v. 赔偿；更换I promised to replace the camera that I had dropped.我答应赔偿我摔坏的相机。【参考译文】然而，诺曼

10、征服对英语的影响并不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语产生的影响，那场胜利导致古英语替代了凯尔特语。【翻译提示】在非限制性定语从句中，which引导的句子单独翻译为一句话。【真题再现】1.El Nino, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern,which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes ca

11、ught around Christmas.结构分析：which happens every two to seven years非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词pattern。2.Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.结构分析：which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ice。3.In the new trial,which will be launched from April 18,one of three “up” escalators will be stand

12、ing only, with a second banning walking at peak times.结构分析：which引导非限制性定语从句which will be launched from April 18修饰先行词trial。【句式仿写2】根据提示补全句子：1. As a child, Jack studied in a village school，_.（以祖父的名字命名）2.He was reading a book,.（这本书是关于战争的）3. You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, _.（这购物中心在

13、周末的时候总是很多人）【词汇过关1】把下列句子译成汉语，注意黑体词的含义：1.The pathleads tothe garden.2. Carefulnessleads tosuccess while failure may lie in carelessness.3. He picked them up andreplacedthem in the bag.4. It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should bereplacedwith a modern hotel or not.5. Its not a g

14、ood idea to miss meals andreplacethem with snacks.【长难句援引】After the Normans took control, they began using the French way of making plurals, adding ans tohouseandshoe.（P23）【结构分析】本句中they began using the French way of making plurals是主句；after引导时间状语从句；adding ans tohouseandshoe现在分词短语作状语。现在分词短语作状语可以表示动作发生的

15、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式或伴随等。【参考译文】当诺曼人控制英格兰之后，他们开始使用法语的复数构成形式，在house和shoe后面加s。【翻译提示】对于夹杂了从句、介词短语、非谓语动词等几种修饰成分的复杂句，先各自剥离开修饰成分，再调整语序，就能迎刃而解了。【真题再现】1.She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Berlin,becoming world champion with a time of 10.73 the fourth fastest ever.结构分析：becoming . 现在分词短语作结果

16、状语。2.She grew up in one of Jamaicas toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment,sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers.（结构分析：sleeping . 现在分词短语作结果状语。3.Today all three generations regard the move as a success,giving them a closer relati

17、onship than they would have had in separate cities.结构分析：giving .现在分词短语作状语。4.Then the person leaves it in a public place,hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who findsit. 结构分析：hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with

18、each new reader who findsit现在分词短语作目的状语，逻辑主语是the person；traveling far and wide with each new reader who findsit是现在分词短语作状语，逻辑主语是the book。5.Scotts last journey, completed as he lay in a tentdying of cold and hunger, caught the worlds imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds.结构分析：dying of c

19、old and hunger现在分词短语作状语，表伴随。【句式仿写3】根据提示补全句子：1. He failed in the examination, _. （使他彻夜难眠）2. My brother threw the toy on the ground, _. （摔成了碎片）3.Tom slipped and fell, _. （头撞到了门）4. All night he lay awake, _. （思考着那个问题）句1参考答案：句式仿写1：1. built ten years ago2. made at the meeting3. Many people invited to the

20、 meeting4. The student dressed in red词汇过1关：1. 她听收音机的时候睡着了。“当.时候”2. 尽管他很爱他的孩子们，但是他还是对他们要求严格。“虽然，尽管”3. 家务活我样样都得干，而我丈夫却只是偶尔洗洗碗而已。“而，然而”句2参考答案：句式仿写2：1. which is named after his grandfather2.which was about war3. which is always busy at the weekend词汇过关2：1. 那条小路通往花园。2. 细心便会成功，而失败可能是因为粗心。3. 他把它们捡了起来，放回包里。4. 老汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的宾馆代替仍然在讨论之中。5. 不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。句3参考答案：句式仿写3：1. making him not fall asleep all night2. breaking it into pieces3. hitting his head against the door4. thinking of the problem学科网（北京）股份有限公司