新概念英语第二册Lesson17-Lesson20知识点总结.docx

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1、 Lesson 17-Lesson 20知识点总结Lesson17 知识点总结否定前缀/后缀总结1.dis- like-dislike appear-disappear 2.un- happy- unhappy lucky-unlucky3.in- expensive-inexpensive 不昂贵的4.ir- regular-irregular 不规则的5.im- possible- impossible 不可能的6.-less use-useless meaning-meaningless -ess 阴性后缀actor 男演员 actress 女演员 waiter 男服务员 waitres

2、s 女服务员prince 王子 princess 公主god 上帝 goddess 女神host 男主人 hostess 女主人join/take party in /attend 区别join 参加了某一种团体jointhearmy 参军 jointheParty入党 joinus（口语）加入我们中来takepartin 参加某一种活动attend 出席attendthe meeting 参加会议重点短语：至少 at least 尽管 in spite of 参加 take part in 长大 grow up 在舞台上 on the stage作为一个女孩 as a girl17岁的女孩

3、a girl of seventeen L17语法一、区分have to 与mustA.词义 must，“必须” ，情态动词，后接动词原形，表示主观上认为必须做某事。have to +动词原形表示（客观条件下）不得不做某事B.must 的用法 1.用于肯定句，表示“主观上必须” I must study hard.2.否定式 mustnt 一定不能” 表示禁止 You mustnt play on the road.3.must be 表示推测。It must be Miss Li. 4. Must . ?否定回答为No, 主语+neednt.C.have to 用法 have to ，hav

4、e为实义动词，有时态和人称的变化 一般现在时 I have to/I dont have to he has to/ he doesnt have to 一般将来时- will have to 一般过去时- had to / didnt have to 二can (过去式 could） 1.用于肯定句，表示“能”I can speak English.2.用于疑问句，可以表示请求或用于询问。Can you help me? Can you swim?3.用于否定句，表示某人不能. cant be 表示否定推测。（0%）He cant swim. It cant be Miss Li.三need

5、 的用法 need -需要 情态动词： need+动词原形实义动词： need sth./ need to do sth. neednt -不需要用于must的开头的一般疑问句的否定回答。Must I go to school tomorrow? Yes, you must./No, you neednt.中考题实战：1.These days people in China _ take too much money when shopping because they often use Ali pay or We Chat Pay.A.needntB.mustntC.shouldntD.c

6、ant2Must we take the underground to the airport？ Yes，we The traffic is very heavy nowAmustBcanCmayDwould3.You smoke at the oil station.Its too dangerous-Im sorry， I wontA.couldntB.needntC.wouldntD.mustnt4.You always be careful with electricity(电) for safety.（安全）AmustBcanCmustntDcant5Its a rule that

7、students _ bring mobile phones to our school.AmustntBwouldntCneedntDcouldnt6 Mom, may I go to the party with my friends tonight?Yes, you _. But you _ be back by 10:00 pm.Acan; mayBmust; have toCmay; must7 We _ pay to get into the concert, because its free.AmustntBcantCdont need toDmight not8 Accordi

8、ng to the rule，used batteries（使用过的电池） be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes.（有害垃圾）AmustBneedCcanDmay9.I didnt see you at Jims party last week. I had to work that evening, so I _ go.A.needntB.mustntC.couldntD.shouldnt10._I keep the book for a week? Sorry, Im afraid you _.ANeed; couldntBNeed; c

9、antCMay; couldntDMay; cantLesson18 知识点总结have 用法总结A. 状态动词，“拥有” 不能用于进行时和被动语态 ，用于一般现在时时，可以与have got 转换 B. have to = have got to 不得不C. 表示eat / drink/ enjoy / take 等意义时，为实义动词，有各种时态，不能转换为have got D. have 为助动词，have+过去分词 构成现在完成时 have短语：1.have a drink 喝点饮料 2.have a lot of money 有很多钱3.have a conversation 谈话 4

10、.have a headache 头痛5.have a good time 玩得开心 =have fun = enjoy+ 反身代词6.have a bath 洗澡give 短语1) give sth back 返还 2) give in (hand in) 上交 3) give in 投降4) give away 赠送 5) give up 放弃 6) give oneself up (surrender) 投降近义词区分：except prep. 除外 (不包括宾语）besides 除 以外（还）（包括宾语）except 与 except for区别： except 指除去整体中一部分，排

11、除内容与主语通常是同一类的，位于句中。 except for 指除去整体中一个细节，排除内容与主语通常不是同一类。可以用于强调美中不足 。放在句首句中都可以。 apart from “除 之外”根据上下文的不同，它既可用作 besides, 也可用作 except 和 except forbut 与否定词连用，翻译成“除了”We had nothing to do but wait.Lesson19 知识点总结短语/词形转化1.sell out 售完 2.sell up 变卖财产3.on sale 廉价出售 4.for sale 待售5.in a hurry匆忙地 6.hurry up 快点7

12、.hurry to school 匆忙去学校8.hurry downstairs 匆忙下楼9.return to China 回到中国10.return home 回家11.词形转换sad adj. 悲伤的sadly adv. 悲哀地sadness n. 悲伤sadder 比较级saddest 最高级12.at any moment=at any time= at any minute随时13.go back to 返回14.at once= right now=right away=immediately立刻语法：情态动词表示推测must表示非常肯定的猜测. 100%的可能性 “一定”may

13、/might /could 表示有可能的猜测. 20%80%的可能性 “可能”cant 表示肯定不可能. 可能性几乎为零 “不可能”句型结构：1. 情态动词+be/动词原形表示现在或将来的推测He must be a teacher.2.情态动词+ have + 过去分词表示对过去发生的行为的推测You may have been right.3.情态动词+be +v-ing表示对正在进行的动作进行推测He may be watching TV.中考真题：1.I still havent found my pet dog.Im sorry to hear that.You _ be very

14、sad.A.can B.should C.must D.will 2. Where are you going this month?We_ go to Xiamen,but were not sure.A. neednt B.might C.must D.mustnt3.Whose hair band is this?It _ belong to Grace. I always see her wearing a red hair band.A. can B.must C.cant D.mustnt4.You _ be happy with the strong public support

15、 youve received.Yes, you are right.Im really excited.A. may B. can C.must D.need5.Is that Miss Liu over there?No. It _ be her. She has gone to the USA.A. mustnt B.cant C.wont D.neednt Lesson20 知识点总结Lesson20短语1. catch a bus 赶车 2.catch a cold 患感冒 3.a waste of 浪费4.Its a waste of time to do sth.做是浪费时间的。

16、 5.without +动名词 没有6.realize ones dream 实现某人的梦想（对比：ones dream come true ）7.be worried about = worry about 为担心 8.instead of +v-ing / 人称代词宾格/ 名词 代替/ 而不是9.比较级修饰语：much / a lot /far 更 /的多 a little/ a bit 一点 even 甚至 10.give up +v-ing 放弃做某事 11.give away 赠送12.give in (1) 上交=hand in (2) 让步，投降13.give off 发出(光、

17、热、声音、气味等) The gas gave off an unpleasant smell. 14.give out=hand out 分发15.give up（+v-ing）放弃（做某事），戒掉The doctor told me to give up smoking. 16.be interested in v-ing sth 对做感兴趣 语法：动名词一.动名的词形式 一般式： v-ing （形式同现在分词形式）二.动名词的用法：1.作主语的用法：1）动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。2）中考考点-动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Listening to The Toms is

18、a good way to wake up. 2. （必背）动名词作宾语的用法 1)有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如: feel like(想要)/ mind（介意）/suggest（建议）/ enjoy（喜欢）/avoid（避免）/ finish（完成）/ keep（坚持）/ miss（错过）/practice（练习）+v-ing 2) （必背）动名词作介词宾语 look forward to +v-ing （渴望，盼望）without +v-ing (没有）be against +v-ing （反对，抗议）prevent/keep/stopfrom +v-ing （防止，阻止）th

19、ankfor +v-ing （因而感谢）be interested in +v-ing （对感兴趣）give up +v-ing （放弃做某事）be afraid of +v-ing (害怕做某事）注意：（1）有些动词后面，如forget, remember, stop, try, mean, regret、go on等，既可跟动名词也可跟不定式作宾语，但是意义不一样。forget to do sth. 忘记做某事。（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事。（已做） remember to do sth. 记得去做某事。（未做）remember doing sth . 记得做

20、过某事。（已做）regret to do sth. 很遗憾要做某事。（未做）regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事。（已做）stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事。 stop doing sth. 停止做某事。（2）难点：在有些句子中，介词常可省去。 I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners.He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games.（3） need（需要）, require（需要）等词后，我们用动名词的主动形式表达被动意思。如： The win

21、dow needsrequires cleaning.= The window needsrequires to be cleaned (4) 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, start, 后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。 (5) 在allow, advise直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allowadvise名词代词不定式形式。即：allow/advise doing sth. allow/advise sb to do sth. We dont allow smoking here We dont allow

22、anybody to smoke here 3.动名词作定语。动名词作定语时一般前置，与所修饰的名词间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，表用途。reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池dining car 餐车注意：现在分词做定语表示该名词所处的状态。 如： a sleeping boy 一个正在睡觉的男孩练习题：1. - Where is my passport? I remember _ it here. - You shouldnt have left it here. Remember _ it with you all the time.A. to put；to ta

23、keB. putting；taking C. putting；to take D. to put；taking2.As she is looking forward to _ from me, please remember _ this letter on your way to school.A. hear；post B. hearing；to postC. be heard；posting D. be hearing；to posting3.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _ your handwriting.A. to read B

24、. to see C. reading C. in seeing4.Would you mind _ quiet for a moment? Im trying _ a form.(fill out 填写)A. keeping；filling out B. to keep；to fill outC. keeping；to fill out D. to keep；filling out5.Id like to suggest _ the meeting till next week.A. to put off B. putting off C. put off D. to be put off6

25、.Kidslikereadingstorieswhichcanmakethem_.A. laughB.tolaughC. laughing7.John,remember_off the lights when you leave the classroom.No problem！ A. turnB. turned C. to turn8.How do you practice your spoken English,Andrew?By_English with my classmates. A.to speak B.speaking C.speak9.Do you have any plans

26、 for the holiday?Yes,Im planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. Im looking forward to_the colourful lakes and amazing waterfalls.A. seeB. seeingC. seesD. saw10.Is it necessary_us_some photos before saving the old man?Yes, it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to t

27、ake D. for; to take11. Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun_it.A. visiting B. to visit C. reading D. to read12.These foreigners are practicing_Chinese.A. to speakB. speaking C. speakD. speaks13.Alex,would you mind_down the music?Its too noisy.Sorry,dad. Ill do it right away. A. turnB. turningC. to turn14.I have trouble_the new word. Can you help me?Sure. You can look it up in the dictionary. A. understandingB. to understand C. understandD. understood学科网（北京）股份有限公司