Unit4词汇与语法复习讲义--人教版英语八年级下册.docx

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1、Unit 4 词汇与语法复习词汇精讲1. allow作动词，意为“允许”。用法如下：allow doing sth. 允许做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 sb. be allowed to do sth. 某人被允许做某事【活学活用】根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1 His parents wont allow him _ (stay) out late. 2 Boys and girls, remember that we dont allow _ (eat) in the classrooms.3 I think teenagers should _

2、(allow) choose their own clothes.2. get on withget on/along 相处，进展get on with sb. 与某人和睦相处/关系良好 get on well/badly with sth. 某事进展顺利/不好 【拓展】与get相关的词组get on _ get off _ get over _ get ready for _ get sunburned _ get to _【活学活用】根据句意，用适当的介词填空。1 You should try to get _ the problem you meet.2 The old man got

3、_ the bus slowly.3 He _ _ _ _ (与.相处得好) his classmates.3. argue作动词，意为“争论，争吵”。常用短语为：argue with sb. about sth. 关于某事与某人争吵argue for/against sth. 为赞成/反对某事而辩论【词汇拓展】n. argument 争论；辩论；论点 have an argument with sb. about sth. 因某事与某人争论【拓展】argue与discuss的辨析：argue着重于自己的看法、立场，提出论据，以理说服他人There is no need arguing abo

4、ut the matter. discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有说服对方的成分Were going to discuss the question. 4. insteadinstead 副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常放在句首或句尾，放句用逗号与后面隔开。He didnt go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. instead of 介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式。He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 【活学活用】根据句

5、意，用insteadinstead of填空。1 If you have no cream, you can use milk _.2 _ going out, he invited his friends to his home.5. explain动词，意为“解释，说明，阐明”。其用法如下：explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 Please explain that rule to me.explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句 向某人解释 Please explain to me what this means.explain + that从句 解释 He

6、 explained that we could no longer stay. 【注意】 explain后面不能接双宾语，在接间接宾语sb.时，前面应加介词to，即explain sth. to sb.6. compare作动词，意为“比较，对照”，compare. with . 把. 和.比较(同类相比)Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.作动词，意为“比作”，compare. to . 把. 比作.(异类相比，比喻)Shakespeare compared the

7、 world to a stage.【活学活用】根据句意，用适当的介词填空。1 Children are always energetic and hopeful. We often compare them _ the rising sun.2 My handwriting cannot be compared _ my grandfathers.7. push作动词，意为“推动；挤；督促”。例如：【活学活用】写出下列句子中push的意思。1 We had to push our way through the crowd.()2 She thanks her parents for pus

8、hing her to study ()3 The rise in interest rates will push prices up. ()8. look through 快速查看；浏览【拓展】与look相关的词组look after _ look around _ look over _ look out _ look up _ look into _ look down upon _look up to _ 【活学活用】1 Jenny _ her mother. They both have a round race. Alooks afterBlooks aroundClooks o

9、utDlooks like2 When we meet new words while reading, we are supposed to guess first instead of _ in the dictionary one by one. Alooking over themBlooking for themClooking up themDlooking them up3 The doctor _ the patient carefully to make sure that he could get well soon. Alooked afterBlooked around

10、Clooked intoDlooked through4 The rich woman _ the short poor man and didnt follow his advice. Alooked upBlooked down uponClooked outDlooked like9. continue动词，意为“持续；继续存在”，其用法如下：continue to do sth. _After he finished reading a novel, he continued to play game with his friend.continue doing sth. _I was

11、 allowed to continue using the library.10. communicate动词，意为“交流；沟通”，其用法如下：communicate with sb. 与某人交流【词汇拓展】n. communication 交流；沟通 adj. communicative 交际的 句式精讲1. Why dont you talk to your parents？ Why dont you + 动词原形 + 其他？= Why not + 动词原形 + 其他？ 为什么不？，并不表示疑问，而是作建议、询问。例如：Why dont you go with us? = Why not

12、 go with us? 为什么不同我们一起去呢？【拓展】why not用在口语中表示赞同，意为“当然，好啊”。例如： Lets go to the movies. Why not? 【拓展】提建议的句型You/We had better do sth. 你(们)/我们最好做某事。What/How about. ? .怎么样？Shall we do .? 我们做.好吗？Lets do .? 我们做.吧。2. Im not good at writing.be good at _be good with _be good for _be good /kind /friendly to_【活学活用

13、】根据句意，用适当的介词填空。1 My friend is good _ geography. She knows a lot about the earth. 2 The English teacher is very good _ her students. They all like her.3 Eating more vegetables is good _ your health.4 Linda is very good _ old people and she often volunteers at the old peoples home.3. They have quickly

14、 dinner, and then its time for homework.句型 “Its time for sth.” 意为“到.的时候了”。类似句型 Its time (for sb.) to do sth. 意为“到某人该做某事的时间了”。【活学活用】翻译以下句子。1 该吃午饭了。_2 到了你做家庭作业的时间了。_until/ so that/ although 引导让步状语从句1. Until引导时间状语从句作连词，意为“直到”，后接从句，引导时间状语从句。until用在肯定句中，多与持续性的动词连用。如stand/wait/stay等，表示主句动作的终止时间。例如：I will

15、wait here until you come back.until可用于否定句中，即notuntil意为“直到才”，常与非延续性动词连用。如open/start/leave/arrive等，强调主句动作开始的时间。例如：The child didnt go to bed until his father came back. 【拓展】until作介词，后接时间名词，在句中作时间状语。She waited there until 9 oclock. 2. so that引导目的状语从句so that，作连词，意为“为的是；以便”，引导目的状语从句只能放在主句的后面，例如：We started for the peak early so that we might see the sunrise.3. although引导目的状语从句although作连词，相当于though，意为“尽管，虽然”，用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but; and; so等连用，但可以和yet; still等词连用。例如：Although he lives alone, he doesnt feel lonely. = He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely. 5学科网（北京）股份有限公司