新概念第二册英语Lesson37知识点.docx

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1、1. -Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something.-Oh, how nice of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift.A. never think; are going B. never thought; were goingC. didnt think; were going D. hadnt thought; were going2. -We could have walked to the station; it was so near.-Yes. A taxi _ at all necessary.

2、A. wasnt B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wont be3. .We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon.A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left4. - Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?- I _, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. had B. would C. was going to D. did5. -Is there anything

3、 wrong, Bob? You look sad.- Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _ of my friends back home.A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinkingBABCB Whats the spirit of the Olympic Games?Swifter higher stronger一、单词讲解1. 奥林匹克的Olympic2.召开hold3. 政府government4. 巨大的immense5. 露天体育

4、场stadium6.标准standard7.首都capital8.巨大的fantastic9.设计design【知识梳理一】 hold (held，held) v. 召开 vt. 拿着，抓住，抱住小女孩拉着她父亲的手。 The little girl held her fathers hand. 容纳，装得下，包含This cup cant hold much water.The stadium can hold 20,000 people. 举行，进行（会议、会谈等）；庆祝（节日）；纪念have a meeting = hold a meeting 召开会议 hold习惯用被动：2008年奥

5、林匹克运动会在中国举行。The Olympic games were held in China in 2008.名言和短语 Hold what you really know and tell what you do not know ，this will lead to knowledge. -Confucius 知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。-孔子 hold back 阻止；阻挡hold up 举起；抬起 Hold on 坚持住！别挂断！【知识梳理二】immense adj. 巨大的fantastic adj. 巨大的 (建筑等，表惊叹)，好极的, 宏伟的 immense adj. 无

6、边的, 一望无际的（在尺度或范围上无边界的或无法测量的）immense oceanbig adj.（一般的）大的 big man 大人物large adj. 数量的大, 尺寸的大 large man 大块头great adj. 伟大的, 重要的great man 伟人huge adj.(体积的)巨大的, 庞大，极大的, 无限的A huge elephant大象fantastic adj. 巨大的(建筑等，表惊叹)，好极的, 宏伟的【知识梳理三】capital n. 首都capital adj. 大写的, 重要的, 死罪的capital punishment 极刑，死刑punishment n.

7、惩罚, 处罚, 惩处【知识梳理四】design v. 设计 vt. &vi. 设计图样George has designed a new bridge. vt. &vi. 打算（做），计划He designed to enter for the competition. n. 图样，图纸；设计Here is the design of the new house.designer n. 设计师welldesigned 设计不错的（复合形容词：副词+过去分词）well-dressedwell-educatedwell-donewell-known.【知识梳理五】government n政府gov

8、ern v治理（国家国民)统治，管理，抑制govern the people govern a schoolgovern one s temper 抑制某人的脾气government n 政治，政府government of the people, by the people and for the people民有， 民治，民享的政治the local government 地方政府：governor n州长（美）：总督，总裁，管理者（-英）【知识梳理六】stadium n. 露天体育场playground n. 操场sports field 运动场, 体育场（sports 各种各样的运动）

9、gym n. 健身房，体育馆；体育 篮球场 gym ；足球场 stadium二、 词组汇编the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 a great many people 大批的人 an immense stadium 一个大型体育场 a new Olympic-standard swimming pool一个新的奥运会标准游泳池 build a special railway line 一条铁路专线 outside the capital 在首都近郊complete the new roads 把新路铺好 finish work on the new stadium 建成新的体育馆

10、 look forward to the Olympic Games 盼望奥运会的到来 hold the Olympic Games 举办奥运会 by the end of this year 在今年年底 watch anxiously 急切地注视着 the whole area 整个地区 fantastic modern building 巨大的现代化建筑三、 课文讲解The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years time. As a great many people will be visiting the cou

11、ntry, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called Olympic City. Workers will have completed

12、 the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the

13、Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.参考译文4年以后, 奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行. 由于将有大批的人到我们国家来, 所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池. 他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线. 奥运会就在首都市郊举办, 整个地区将被称作 “奥林匹克城” . 工人们将在今年年底前把新路铺好; 到明年年底, 他们将把新体育场建成. 这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特冈特设计的. 大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成. 我们都非常激动, 盼望着奥运会的到来,

14、因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会. 1.The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years time.in four years time 四年之后（in常与将来时连用表示“时间之后”）He will be back in ten minutes or half an hour.four years later =after four years 四年后（过去时）four years ago 四年前 此句为被动语态，主动语态是We will hold the Olympic Games in our country in f

15、our years time2.As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool.as是连词，引出原因状语从句，表示原因时通常位于句首。 As you cant type the letter yourself, youll have to ask Susan to do it for you.as/because原因，as是连词，

16、引出原因状语从句，as用于表示原因时通常位于句首，它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，因此没必要再予以强调。because任何时候都可代替as，来说明一种或几种原因，但as则不一定总能代替because。because一般跟在主句后面，强调讲话的对象可能不知道的原因。Because表示直接原因，回答why的提问，一般放在主句之后，可单独使用。Whydontyoubuyit?BecauseIhavenotenoughmoneywithme.Since“因为，既然”，侧重主句，从句表示显然或已知的理由。Sinceeveryoneishere,letsbegin.As“由于，鉴于”，主从句并重，

17、从句说明原因，主句说明结果，为常用词。Asitislate,Imusthurryup.for“因为，由于”，表明附加或推断的理由，连接的分句常有逗号与另一分句隔开，不放在句首。Hemustbeill,forheisntheretoday.辨析because, since, as, for as在期间, 当时候I was coming in as he was going out. 我进来的时候, 他正出去。谚语A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，谬以千里。3.Workers will have completed the new roads by the end

18、 of this year.(1)completed adj. 全部的, 完成的complete vt. 完成, 使完善我们到八月底就完成了这项工作。 By the end of August we will have completed the work. (2)by the end of this year 到今年年底前by the end of next year 到明年年底前by是完成时的标志, 表示“到为止，在之前，并不晚于某时的任何时间”，不能与表示一段时间的名词名词连用，只能与表示时间点的名词或词组连用，用于肯定句与用于否定句有一定区别。 Ill have left by Mon

19、day. 到星期一我将已离开。（星期一之前的任何时间） I wont have left by Monday. 我星期一之前不会离开。 （星期一还在）4.Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.as是连词，相当于while，当“当，正值”讲，引出时间状语从句，它引导的从句虽然表示将来的动作但要用一般现在时，不能用 “will go up” build强调建造；go up （建筑物）被兴建起来，拔地而起Many new houses are going up in this district.Prices a

20、re going up these days.这些天物价上涨了。5.We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.look forward to +n./pron./doing sth. (很高兴的)盼望，期待look forward to与expect(期待)的区别是expect没有高不高兴的成分I am looking forward to your letter.I am lookin

21、g forward to meeting you .四、 语法将来完成时一、将来完成的构成将来完成时的构成方法是“will have +过去分词”。如：Hopefully after three years at university I will have matured.希望3年大学生活之后我能变成熟。Only five short years later, your money will have grown by $94,000.仅短短5年时间后，你的钱就会增多94,000美元。He will have been heartened by the telephone opinion p

22、oll published yesterday.他会为昨天公布的电话民意调查结果感到鼓舞。二、将来完成的用法1.表示“将来完成”即表示到将来某个时间为止势必会完成或预计要完成的动作。如：When we get there, shell have gone to work.我们到那里时她会已上班去了。I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.我预料到明天你就会改变主意了。2.表示“持续”即表示某种状况将一直持续到说话人所提及的某一将来时间。如：We will have been married a year on June 25th

23、.到6月25日我们俩结婚就满1年了。By this time next week, I will have been working for this company for 24 years.到下星期此刻，我就已经为该公司干了24年了。3.表示“推测即表示根据某情况作出的推测。如：That will have been Roland. He said hed be back at 7.准是罗兰。他说他7点钟回来。There will have been a definite result before Friday.星期五以前肯定会有结果。三、现在完成时、过去完成时与将来完成的区别1.现在完

24、成时以现在时间为参照点，表示在“现在”以前完成的动作或持续到“现在”的状态；2.过去完成时则以过去时间为参照点，表示在“过去”某一时间以前发生的动作或持续到“过去”某一时间的状态；3.将来完成时则以将来时间为参照点，表示在“将来”某一时间为止已经完成的动作或持续到“将来”某一时间的状态。请看例句：He has finished writing his novel.他已写完了他的小说。He had finished writing his novel by the end of last year.去年年底他就写完他的小说。He will have finished writing his no

25、vel by the end of next year.到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。与一般现在时代替一般将来时一样，在表示时间或者条件的状语从句，通常要用现在完成时来表示将来完成时，而不能直接使用将来完成时：I will go with you when I have finished my work.等我完成工作之后我就同你去。若不强调动作的完成(且不至于引起歧义)，有时也可用一般现在时：I will go with you when I finish my work.我完成工作后就同你去。四、将来完成通常搭配的状语1.用作状语的介词短语There will have been a de

26、finite result before Friday.星期五以前将肯定会有结果。By next Christmas well have been here for eight years.到下一个圣诞节，我们在这儿就住了整8年了。By now you will have guessed that Im back inIreland.你现在应该已经猜出我回到了爱尔兰了。By the end of next week, I will have been a teacher for 25 years.到下周末，我当老师就有25年了。Wed better wait till 14 December.

27、 David will have had his exam by then, so hell be able to enjoy himself.我们最好还是等到12月14日。到那时大卫就考完试了，这样他就能够玩得痛快。2.用作状语的从句If I dont run, the train will have left.()如果我不跑，火车就会开走了。If he turns it down, he will have lost the moral high ground to the president.如果他拒绝的话，就会把精神上的优势输给总裁。If you finish this job as

28、well, you will have done far more than I expected.假如你将这项工作干完的话，那你会干得比我预料的要多了。If there was any scandal in that company, you can be sure that Bobby will have clocked it.那家公司有任何丑闻，博比肯定会知道。五、将来完成时典型考题1.By the time Jane gets home his aunt_for London to attend a meeting.A.will leaveB.leavesC.will have lef

29、tD.mind分析：C。时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来，by加将来时间与将来完成时连用。又如：By May I will have got a new car.到5月我将已买到一辆新汽车。The old currency will have been phased out by 2020.旧币分阶段至2020年将全部禁止流通。2.On her next birthday, Ann_married for twenty years.A.isB.has beenC.will beD.will have been分析：D。表示到将来某时（her next birthday）为止势必会完成的情况，

30、英语要用将来完成时，故选D。又如：Dont worry. Its a storm in a teacup. Everyone will have forgotten about it by tomorrow.别担心，这不过是茶杯里掀风浪，到明天大家就都把这事给忘了。If they succeed onEurope, then they will have reshaped the political and economic map of the world.如果他们在欧洲获得成功，他们将会改变世界政治和经济格局。3.I hear that Jason is planning to buy a

31、 car.I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one.A.will have savedB.will be savingC.has savedD.saves分析：A。根据句中的by next month可知空格处应填将来时态，故可排除C和D；至于是选A还是B，则需根据句意来确定，由于前文已说“正准备买车”，说明存钱已经存够了，故不宜选B。句意为：“我听说詹森计划要买一辆车。”“我知道，到下个月，他积蓄的钱就够买一辆二手车了。”【例题精讲】1. By the end of this year ,I _enough money for a h

32、oliday.( C ) A will save B will be saving C will have saved D have saved2. I have been studying here for four years,by next summer _D_-.A shall graduate B shall be graduated C shall be graduating D shall have graduated3. I hope her health _greatly by the time we come back next year.( D )A improves B

33、 improved C will be improved D will have improve 4. “Are yougoing to Richard”s birthday party?“Yes.By then I _my homework.” ( C )A had finished B will have finished C would have finished D finished5. I suppose by the time I come back in ten years time all these old house_down.( A )A will have been p

34、ulled B will be pulling C will have pulled D will be pulled6. I hope that they _A_the road by the time we come back.A will have repaired B would have repaired C have repaired D had repaired1.选C,by the end of this year, 是明确表示将来的时间状语,主句表示在这个将来时间以前完成的动作,故应用将来完成时.2.选D.by next summer是明确表示将来的时间状语, 主句表示在这个

35、将来时间以前完成的动作,故应用将来完成时.3.选D,by the time 引出的是时间状语分句,分句中用的come用一般现在时,表示将来概念,相当于一个表示将来的时间状语,主句谓语动词表示在将来某一时刻以前必定完成的行为,应该用将来完成时.不能选A,句子中带有表示将来时间的状语分句,故应该用与将来时相关的时态.也不能选C ,improve 在该句中作”好转”,”变得更好”解,为不及物动词,所以用被动语态时错误的.4.B5.A6.A【课堂练习】1. By the summer, Elizabeth_ here for ten years . A. will workB. worksC. wil

36、l have workedD. has worked2. I. hope you_ the instructions ready before I come tomorrowA. to get B. shall get C. will getD. will have gotten .3. No sooner_ than the accident happened. A. he had goneB. had he gone C. his going D. he went4. Hardly_ when the bus suddenly pulled away.A. they had got to

37、the bus stop B. had they got to the bus stopC. did they get to the bus stop D. they got to the bus stop 5. Mother doesnt know much time I have spent in watching TV; if she ever found out ,Im sure_.A. shed never forgive me B. she never forgive meC. shell never forgive meD. she does never forgive me 6

38、. As soon as he_ his error, Rockfeller made the necessary corrections to his data collected.A. discoveredB. has discovered C. discovers D. had discovered7. I _meeting you ever since we parted.A. was looking forward toB. have been looking forward toC. had been looking forward to D. looked forward to8

39、 Where have you been? What _ ?A. did you do B. have you been doingC. have madeD. were you doing9. She has been studying here for five years and by the end of next summer she _.A. will graduateB. will be graduatingC. will be graduatedD. will have graduated10. When you come tonight at eight oclock, I

40、_ eight lessons.A. would review B. shall review C. shall have reviewedD. shall be reviewing11. “Are Alice and Tom still living in New York?” “No, they _ to Dallas.” A. are just movedB. have just moved C. had just movedD. will just move 12. I havent heard from Maria_. A. since a long timeB. for many

41、months ago C. for many months D. since many months before13.His grandfather _ for thirty years. A. diedB. was dead C. has been dead D. has died 14 Its(high)time you _ a holiday. A. had B. have C. will have D. have had 15. By the time Juan gets home, his aunt _ for Puerto Rico. A. will leaveB. leaves C. will have leftD. left16 All the machines _by the end of the following week.A. were repairedB. will be repaired C. have been repaired D will have been repaired17. The conference _ a full week by the time it ends.A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted语法练习 1 答案 1