Unit7-8知识梳理--牛津上海版七年级下学期英语.docx

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1、识梳理7BU7知识点复习I. 重点词汇. Words.1. able adj. 有能力的 She is an able secretary. 她是一位能干的秘书。2. planet n. 行星 The planets move around the sun. 行星绕着太阳转。指点迷津: star, planet与satellitestar指恒星，planet指行星，satellite指卫星。太阳、地球和月亮就分别属于这三种。3. pill n. 药丸；药片She had to take sleeping pills every night. 她每天夜里都得服安眠药。4. meal n. 餐；一

2、顿饭They cooked their own meals.他们自己做饭吃。指点迷津：dinner 与meal(1) dinner指“正餐（午饭或晚饭）”或“宴会”。 Come to dinner with us tonight. 今晚和我们共进晚餐吧。(2) meal指“一餐（一顿饭）”而言。 We have three meals a day. 我们每天吃三顿饭。 5. hope n. 希望；期望 v. 希望，期望（某事发生） 【友情提示】 hope既可作名词用也可作动词用，使用时应注意区分。 Do you have any hope that hell come?你觉得他有可能过来吗？（

3、hope作名词） I hope that he will succeed. 我希望他会成功。（hope作动词，后接宾语从句） I hope to see you and your family soon. 我期待不久就能见到你和你的家人。(hope作动词，后接动词不定式)6. secret adj. 秘密的；保密的 We discovered a secret passage behind the wall. 我们在墙后发现了一条秘密通道。 【拓展】 secret n. 秘密：Whats the secret of baking good bread? 烘烤出好面包的秘诀是什么？7. sign

4、 v. 签（名）；签字 He signed his name on the contract. 他在合同上签了名。【拓展】 sign n. 标志：The sign says“No parking”. 告示牌上写着“禁止停车”。8. * seal v. 密封The envelope was firmly sealed. 这个信封封得很严实。【拓展】 seal n. 海豹9. everyone pron. 每人；人人Im sure everybody else will agree with me. 我敢说其他人都会同意我的想法。【近义词】 everybody pron. 每人；人人II. 重点短

5、语1. talk about讨论；谈论；商谈 The author likes to talk about his work. 这位作者喜欢谈论自己的作品。 We can talk about this matter at the meeting. 我们可以在会上讨论这件事情。 【近义词】 discuss v. 讨论2. (be) able to意为“能够；有能力”，与can意思相近。 Youll be able to come, wont you?你能来的，对吗？ 指点迷津：can 与 be able to (1) can表示“能力”时，在很多场合都可以和be able to换用。但要表示过

6、去经过一番努力才能完成的事情时，只能用be able to。 【正】 Can you speak any foreign languages?你会说外语吗？ 【正】 Are you able to speak any foreign languages?你会说外语吗？ 【正】 The fire spread to the whole building quickly but everybody was able to escape. 大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼，但大家都逃了出来。 【误】 The fire spread to the whole building quickly but every

7、body could escape.(2) be able to 比 can有更多的变化形式。 When he grows up, he will be able to support his family. 长大后他就能养家了。 Frank is ill. He hasnt been able to go to school for a week. 弗兰克病了，他已经有一个星期没去上学了。 Im sorry for not being able to help you in time. 对不起，我未能及时帮你的忙。(3) could经常和see, hear, smell, taste, fe

8、el, remember, understand等动词连用。 When we went into the house, we could smell something burning. 进屋时，我们闻到什么东西烧焦了。(不用was able to) She spoke in a very low voice, but I could understand what she said.虽然她讲话的声音很低，但我还是明白了她说的话。(4) 在谈论和说话时发生的动作，一般用can而不用be able to。 【正】 Look!I can swim.看！我会游泳了！ 【误】 Look! Im abl

9、e to swim.3. travel to是“去（某地）”的意思。与go to相比，travel to往往指路上花费的时间相对较长、距离较远。 She travels to Europe this summer. 这个夏天她去欧洲旅行了。4. write down意为“将写下。 I want to write down the words. 我想把这些单词写下来。7BU8知识点复习I. 重点词汇1. enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的；使人快乐的；令人愉快的 The trip was much more enjoyable than we had expected. 这次旅行比我们所预期

10、的更愉快。 【拓展】 enjoy v. 享受的乐趣 enjoyably adv. 愉快地；有趣地 【近义词】 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的2. * ideal adj. 理想的，完美的，最合适的 It is an ideal day for a picnic. 这是一个外出野餐的好日子。 【拓展】 ideal n. 理想 I am looking for a house in the country but havent found my ideal yet. 我正在乡下找一栋房子，但还没有找到理想的（房子）。3. conduct v. 组织；安排 The guide conduct

11、ed us on a tour of the oldest museum in the country. 导游带我们游览了这个国家最古老的博物馆。 My aunt conducts her business very successfully. 我婶婶把她的企业经营得很成功。 【拓展】 conductor n. 领导者；经理；售票员；列车长4. modern adj. 现代化的 In the afternoon they went to an exhibition of modern art. 他们下午去参观了现代艺术展。 She wears a modern dress. 她穿着一件时髦的礼

12、服。 【近义词】 up-to-date adj. 最新（式）的；现代化的 【反义词】 out-of-date adj. 落后的；过时的5. experiment n. 实验，试验 Some people learn by experiment and others learn by experience. 一些人通过实验学习，另一些人则从经验中学习。 The teacher gave each of us a piece of paper before doing the experiment. 实验之前，老师给我们每人发了一张纸。 【拓展】 experiment n. 做实验；做试验：Som

13、e scientists experiment on animals. 有些科学家用动物做试验。6. organize v. 组织；筹备 Jane organized the party. She asked people to come and bought the food and drinks. 简组织了这个聚会。 她请大家参加，并买了食品和饮料。 【拓展】 organization n. 组织；构成；编制：They have set up a student organization. 他们成立了一个学生组织。7. impossible adj. 不可能存在（或做到）的；不可能的 I

14、cant come today; it s impossible. 今天我不能来，实在是没有办法。 【反义词】 possible adj. 可能的 【拓展】 im-是一个常见的反义词前缀，通常用于以字母p开头的形容词前。又如： polite(有礼貌的)impolite(无礼的；粗鲁的)8. necessary adj. 必需的；必要的 Sleeping is necessary to health. 睡眠对健康是必需的。 【反义词】unnecessary adj. 不必要的9. unnecessary adj. 不需要的；不必要的；多余的 All those clothes are unnec

15、essary on such a hot day. 在这样一个大热天，所有那些衣服都不需要了。 【反义词】 necessary adj. 必需的；必要的 【拓展】 un-也是一个反义词前缀。又如：comfortable（舒适的）uncomfortable（不舒服的），like（像）unlike（不像），able(有能力的)unable(没有能力的)。10. uninteresting adj. 不吸引人的；无趣的；无聊的 He was able to finish such an uninteresting task. 他终于完成了这项如此乏味的工作。 【近义词】 boring adj. 乏味

16、的；无趣的 【反义词】 interesting adj. 有趣的11. yourselves pron. 你们自己 Did you make these cakes yourselves? 这些蛋糕是你们亲手做的吗？ Help yourselves to sandwiches. 请你们随意吃三明治。 help oneself to something意为“随便吃，别客气”。 【拓展】 yourself pron. 你自己12. ourselves pron. 我们自己 We have a bathroom to ourselves. 我们自己有一间浴室。 We have bought ours

17、elves a new house. 我们给自己买了一栋新房子。 【拓展】 myself pron. 我自己13. themselves pron. 他们自己；她们自己；它们自己 They went to see it for themselves. 他们自己亲自去看了。 The teacher told the children to behave themselves. 老师叫孩子们规矩一点。 【拓展】 himself pron. 他自己 herself pron. 她自己 itself pron. 它自己II. 重点短语1. find out意为“查明；弄清楚”。 指点迷津: find,

18、 find out 与 look for (1) find意为“发现；找到”，指通过搜索找到、发现藏匿或遗失的人或物，强调找到的结果。 I cant find my pen. 我找不到我的钢笔了。(2) find out意为“查明；弄清楚”，指经过探听、询问、调查之后，才发现某物。 Please find out the answer to the question. 请找出这个问题的答案。 Please find out whose key it is. 请查明这是谁的钥匙。(3) look for意为“寻找”，强调找的过程或动作。 -What are you looking for? 你在

19、找什么？ -Im looking for my watch. 我在找我的手表。2. put up意为“张贴；置于明显处”。 They put up a poster high on the wall. 他们在墙壁的高处张贴了一张海报。 【拓展】 put up还有其他含义：(1)提高：The workers asked their boss to put up their salaries. 工人们要求老板提高他们的工资。(2)给某人提供住宿：We can put all of you up for the night. 我可以安排你们所有人过夜。3. clean up是“打扫（或清除）干净”的

20、意思。 You should always clean up the room. 你应该经常清理房间。 【拓展】 clean-up n.（口语）扫除；清扫The clean-up began immediately in the street after the typhoon went away. 台风过后，清扫大街的工作马上就展开了。Exemplify（例题分析）I.Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）() 1.There is _ bread in the fridge. Go and get some.()A) fewB) a fewC) littleD)

21、 a little() 2.We are glad that we have learned _ from our parents.()A) manyB) littleC) muchD) a lot of() 3.Jims bike is the newest _ all under the tree.()A) inB) ofC) betweenD) from() 4.She is _ younger than her sister.()A) tooB) muchC) soD) very() 5.Marys mother looks _, and she cooks _.()A) nicely

22、, wellB) nice, goodC) nicely, goodD) nice, well() 6._ knows what happened yesterday.()A) AnybodyB) SomebodyC) NobodyD) Everybody() 7.Stop _ and lets do our homework.()A) watching TVB) watch TVC) to watch TVD) watch() 8.This shirt is too expensive. Would you please show me _ .()A) anotherB) the other

23、C) otherD) others() 9.Jane has had _ food and _ vegetables. Thats too bad.()A) too many.to fewB) too many.too littleC) too much.to littleD) too much.too few() 10.Our English teacher _ angry when she got Tims homework.()A) to getB) gotC) to beD) getting() 11.Life in our school is _ exciting _ interes

24、ting.()A) either.orB) neither.orC) either.norD) both.nor() 12.My brother had a bad cold yesterday, so _ my father.()A) doB) hadC) didD) has() 13.If Danny _ tomorrow, I will come.()A) will comeB) comesC) is comingD) came() 14.Everyone in our class enjoys _ English.()A) speakingB) to speakC) sayingD)

25、to say() 15.There _ an English competition next week.()A) will hasB) will haveC) will hadD) will be() 16._ nice day it is today. ()A) HowB) WhatC) What aD) How a() 17.There goes the bell. Its time _ an English lesson.()A) to havingB) haveC) havingD) to have() 18.May I use your pen? I cant find _ .()

26、A) itB) yourC) mineD) my() 19._ is raining hard. We can not go outing today. ()A) The weatherB) WeatherC) ItD) The sky() 20.I went to Suzhou for a _ package tour last holiday.()A) three daysB) three daysC) three-dayD) three-daysII.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. （用

27、所给单词的适当形式填空）1. Policemen help to keep our city _ .(safely)2. The old also need enough _ every day.(asleep)3. The weather in Shanghai is _ recently. (change)4. What do you want to be in 15 _ time.(year)5. Youd better eat _ fried wings. (little)6. Great _ have taken place in Shanghai in the past ten y

28、ears. (change)7. Its _ for you to live on the moon now, Jack. (possible)8. Help _ to the dishes, everyone. (you)III.Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据要求改写句子）1. We are going to visit our uncle in two days.(对划线部分提问）_ _ are you going to visit your uncle?2. Tom did some reading this morning

29、. （改为否定句）Tom _ _ any reading this morning.3.The speech contest will last three hours. （对划线部分提问）_ _ will the speech contest last?4.Emma lost her way to the cinema. （改为否定句）Emma _ _ her way to the cinema.5.We have a class meeting once a week. （对划线部分提问）_ _ do you have a class meeting?6.His uncle used to

30、 live in the east of Shanghai. （改为一般疑问句）_ his uncle _ to live in the east of Shanghai?7.I was sorry that I heard the bad news. （保持句意基本不变）I was sorry _ _ the bad news.8.He needs time and money. （改为否定句）He _ need time _ money.9.There are few high-rises in the small town. （改为反意疑问句）There are few high-ris

31、es in the small town，_ _?10. Please keep quiet in the reading room. （改为反意疑问句）Please keep quiet in the reading room， _ _?11.My mother takes good care of me when I am ill. （保持句意基本不变）My mother _ _ me well when I am ill.12.The children had lanterns in their hands. （改为反意疑问句）The children had lanterns in t

32、heir hands, _ _?13.It took me an hour to finish my homework last night. （保持句意基本不变）I _ an hour _ my homework last night.14.It takes me ten minutes to walk from my home to school. （保持句意基本不变）Its about ten _ _ from my home to school.15. He needs our help at the moment. （改为否定句）He _ _ our help at the mome

33、nt.Exemplify（例题分析）I.Choose the best answer according to the passage.（根据文章选择最佳答案）For 99 of human history, people took their food from the world around them. They ate all that they could find, and then moved on. Then about 10,000 years ago, or for 1 of human history, people learned to farm the land.Th

34、e kind of food we eat depends on which part of the world we live in, or which part of our country we live in. For example, in the south of China they eat rice, but in the north they eat noodles. In European countries near the sea, people eat a lot of fishes. In central （中部）Europe, away from the sea,

35、 people dont eat so much fish, they eat more meat. In Germany and Poland there are hundreds of different kinds of sausages. In North America, Australia, and Europe, people eat with knives and forks. In China, people eat with chopsticks. In parts of India and the Middle East people use their fingers

36、and bread to pick up food.Nowadays it is possible to transport（运输）food easily from one part of the world to the other. We can eat what we like, when we like, at any time of the year. In Britain, bananas come from Africa, rice comes from India or the USA, strawberries come from Chile or Spain. Food i

37、s very big business. But people in poor countries are still hungry, and people in rich countries eat too much.() 1)10,000 years ago, people _.A) learned to farm the landB) cooked different kinds of foodC) couldnt find food around themD) transported food from one country to another() 2)In North Ameri

38、ca, away from the sea, people eat _.A) more noodlesB)much fishC)more meatD)much rice() 3)In North America, Australia, and Europe, people _.A) eat with chopsticksB)eat with knives and forksC)use their fingers to pick up foodD)use bread to pick up food() 4)_ have many kinds of sausages.A) Chile and Sp

39、ainB)America and AustraliaC)China and JapanD)Germany and Poland() 5)Which of the following sentences is NOT true?A) What we eat depends on where we live.B) Poor countries are still having food problems.C) Rich countries dont need food from other countries.D) Nowadays we can eat what we like at any t

40、ime of the year.() 6)Which is the best title of this passage？A） Ways to Find FoodB)Food Around the WorldC)Food ChoicesD)World Food ProblemsII.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）Why do we count things in group of ten? The reason is that we have ten fingers. Long

41、ago, when people had to count a lot of things, they matched them against their _1_. First they counted out enough objects to match the fingers of _2_ and then put them aside in one group. It there were more than then, they formed more groups. We can call our numbers “two-handed numbers”, because the

42、y developed from the _3_ that people counted things on two hands.Some people had “_4_ numbers”, too. Because there are five fingers on one hand, they counted things out in groups of five. It was _5_ by Romans who lived in Italy over 2,000 years ago. We call their _6_ numbers Roman numerals and we us

43、e them even today. In Roman numerals, “I” stands for one, and “V” stands for five. In order to write six, the Roman wrote “VI”.Many people counted objects in groups of 12. We _7_ use the 12-in-one-group system for telling time with a clock. We count the hours from one to twelve and then start with o

44、ne again. () 1.A) numbersB) handsC) fingersD) feet() 2.A) all handsB) both handsC) each handD) either hand() 3.A) ideaB) ruleC) factD) reason() 4.A) one-handB) two-handedC) ten-in-allD) half() 5.A) discoveredB) madeC) takenD) used() 6.A) oldB) writtenC) countingD) one-to-ten() 7.A) stillB) seldomC) used toD) have stopped toIII.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable words（根据所给单词的首字母填空）One day a wealthy family went on a trip to the countryside. The fathe