时文阅读理解专项训练(02) --高考英语三轮复习.docx

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1、时文阅读理解专项训练(02)高考英语三轮复习(一)时文摘要美国宇航员马克范德海与俄罗斯宇航员彼得杜布罗夫和安东什卡普列罗夫30日乘坐俄罗斯“联盟”飞船从国际空间站返回地球。范德海在国际空间站连续停留355天，成为在国际空间站连续停留时间最长的美国宇航员。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei returned to Earth Wednesday, after spending a record-breaking 355 days in low-Earth orbit. Vande Hei shared a

2、spacecraft with two Russian cosmonauts as tensions between the Russia and the U.S. continue amid theongoing war in Ukraine.Vande Hei returned in a Soyuz spacecraft with Russian cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Anton Shkaplerov, making a landing at 7:28 a.m. in Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan(哈萨克斯坦).The triohad d

3、eparted the International Space Station at 3:21 a.m. ET.Vande Hei broke the record for the longest spaceflight by a NASA astronaut by 15 days. The record was previously held by retired astronaut Scott Kelly.On this spaceflight, Vande Hei completed 5,680 orbits of the Earth and a journey of more than

4、 150 million miles, roughly the equivalent of 312 trips to the Moon and back.This trip gave Vande Hei a lifetime total of 523 days in space.“Marks mission is not only record-breaking, but also paving the way for future human explorers on the Moon, Mars, and beyond,”NASA administrator Bill Nelson sai

5、d in a press release. “Our astronauts make incredible sacrifices in the name of science, exploration, and cutting-edgetechnology development.”According to NASA, Vande Hei contributed to dozens of studies from the hundreds conductedduring his mission. As NASA plans to return to the Moon, under the Ar

6、temis program, and prepares for the exploration of Mars, the agency said Vande Heis extended mission will provide researchers the opportunity to observe the effects of long-duration spaceflight on humans.After the crew goes through post-landing medical checks, they will be flown to the recovery stag

7、ing city in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, on Russian helicopters. Vande Hei will then board a NASA plane to Cologne, Germany, for refueling, prior to his return home.Shkaplerov and Dubrov will be flown home to Star City, Russia, on a Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center aircraft.1 . The underlined “The trio”

8、in the first paragraph may refer to _.A. the NASA astronautB. the Russia-UkrainewarC. the low-Earth orbitD. the three spacemen2 . How long had Scott Kelly spent in the space?A. For 355 days.B. For 340 days.C. For 312 days.D. For 15 days.3 . What can we know about Vande Hei in Paragraph Three?A. He i

9、s ready to explore the Moon.B. He will be sent to the Mars soon.C. He contributed much to space research.D. He provided chances of observing the space.4 . What will Vande Hei do before returning home?A. Recover his body in Kazakhstan.B. Fly to the Training Center in Russia.C. Go through medical chec

10、ks in Russia.D. Fly to Cologne of Germany for recovery.(二)时文摘要俄乌战争使很多文化遗址受损，文章讲述了联合国教科文组织在此期间对文化遗迹的保护而做出的努力。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. Since Russias war with Ukraine, UNESCO says its verified damage to at least 53 cultural sites in the country. The organization says it assesses damage reported

11、 in the media or by Ukrainian officials and has a system to monitor main Ukrainian sites and monuments via satellite imagery. “Our experts continue to verify each report and it is feared that other sites will be added to this list,” a UNESCO spokesperson said. As of March 30, UNESCO said, the confir

12、med damaged sites, located in several regions across Ukraine, include 29 religious sites, 16 historic buildings, four museums and four monuments.When the war began, UNESCO took some emergency measures in order to best protect these cultural sites. It held regular online meetings with World Heritage

13、site managers, museum directors, national monument officials and local heritage protection associations in Ukraine to provide expertise and practical advice. UNESCO says it has experts available 24/7 to respond to emergencies.“We assist them in identifying safe havens(安全处所) in which to store items w

14、hich can be moved; and in assessing and strengthening fire fighting procedures,” the spokesperson said. The agency says it has also communicated with Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov to reiterate(重申) that heritage sites are obligated to be protected and sent him location data of the

15、 heritage sites in Ukraine.According to theHague Conventionin 1954, if cultural sites are marked with blue shields, it means they are under the protection of the convention. UNESCO said that since the war between Russia and Ukraine broke out, it has taken actions, including strengthening protection

16、of historical, cultural heritage to avoid intentional or accidental damage.1 . Why will the experts go on verifying the report?A. More cultural sites may be damaged.B. The media gave detailed information.C. Some museums will be rebuilt soon.D. Ukrainian officials like telling lies.2 . What did UNESC

17、O do to protect these cultural sites?A. It hired new museum directors.B. It paid the monument officials.C. It provided advice to Ukraine.D. It sent experts to Russia.3 . UNESCO did all the following EXCEPT for _.A. finding places to keep historical itemsB. urging the both sides to end the war soonC.

18、 telling Russian officials positions of the sitesD. preventing cultural sites from catching fire4 . What can be an effective method of protecting cultural sites?A. Marking the sites with blue shields.B. Telling countries the results of wars.C. Making up the Hague Convention.D. Collecting enough loca

19、tion data.(三)时文摘要密西西比州上空出现火球，该火球被证实为火流星。目前有待证实是否为陨石。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. Days after astreaking fireball was spottedin the skies over three Southern states, NASA scientists have confirmed that fragments(碎片)from the meteor(流星)have been found on the ground in Mississippi.NASA saidthe except

20、ionally bright meteor was going 35,000mphwhenitexploded in the sky near the Louisiana-Mississippi border.“There are confirmed reports of meteorites(陨石)being found in the area east of Natchez,”NASA said, while sharing an image of one of the meteorite pieces in a Facebook post on Monday.Dozensof peopl

21、e in Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi reported seeing the meteor in the sky around 8 a.m. Wednesday after hearing loud booms in the area.At its peak, the fireball was more than 10 times brighter than a full moon, officials said. The fireballdisintegratedabout34 miles above Louisiana, generating “

22、an energy equivalentof 3 tons of TNT,”NASAsaid.The Mississippi Emergency Management Agency previously posted a satellite imageon Facebookin which the bright object can be seen just east of the Louisiana-Mississippi border, along with NASAs confirmation. The agencysaidthe fireball caused no injuries

23、or property damage and that it ran to the Mississippi River.Law dictatesthat meteorites belong to the owner of the property on which they fell, so NASA said it would not disclose the locations of any fragmentsthat are found.NASA also said it would not authenticateany possible meteorite discoveries a

24、nd referred the public to a meteoritewebsitehosted by Washington University in St. Louis.“We are not meteorite people, as our main focus is protecting spacecraft and astronauts from meteoroids,”NASA said. So we will be unable to identify any strange rocks you may findplease do not send us rock photo

25、s.” NASA said that if confirmed, this will mark the fifth recorded meteorite fall in Mississippi. The others happened in 1854, 1910, 1922 and 2012.1 . What does the underlined word “it” refer to?A. The sky.B. The fireball.C. The ground.D. The meteorites.2 . What did the fireball happen in the sky?A.

26、 It became a very large moon.B. It produced three tons of TNT.C. It exploded with a great noise.D. It damaged some satellites.3 . Why didnt the fireball do harm to people?A. It was watched by scientists.B. It just flew high in the sky.C. It ended in the river at last.D. It was made to change its way

27、4 . What will NASA do with the meteorites?A. It will pay attention to the meteorites.B. It will help residents locate the fragment.C. It will focus on taking photos of meteorites.D. It will not assist people in identifying rocks.(四)时文摘要非营利组织NubAbilitys Archery Clinic里的老师们都是有肢体残疾的老师，他们教那些同样有肢体残疾的孩子学习

28、射箭。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. “Up to your cheek, remember, to your cheek,” said Dakota, head archery coach for the nonprofit NubAbility. It could be the fact that participants get one-on-one instruction. “Boom, look at you; fist bump, fist bump that, alright,” Rogers tells another student. Or,

29、 it could be that the activity is truly interactive(互动的).“Im getting it perfect,” said participant Kenbe. But if you ask a kid like Kenbe, he loves it because hes treated like any other kid. “Coaches here wont ask questions because they have the same thing,” said Kenbe. Every participant at NubAbili

30、tys Archery Clinic has limb(肢体) differences, including the coaching staff.“My gym teacher couldnt teach meor didnt know how to teach mebecause I was missing a hand, so I sat on a bench of the sports ground and watched while everyone else got to shoot,” explained Dakota. “As a young boy, I said to my

31、 uncle, No no, Im going to learn how to do archery. So my uncle gave me a little bow and from there I taught myself,” he said. Clinics like these didnt exist when he was a kid, which is why hes so grateful to be coaching several of them now.Its also why Sam Kuhnert became the Founder and Executive d

32、irector of NubAbility. Its an organization centered around making sure kids with limb differences can try and learn just about any sport or activity. Kuhnert hopes these kids will learn that where theres a will, therearelots of ways to succeed. “The more kids I can get in front of a teacher who look

33、ed like them, the more kids that are going to go out and inspire others,” Kuhnert said. Perhaps the most important lesson, especially at this age, is to always have plenty of faith in yourself.1 . What are the coaches like at NubAbility?A. Patient and kind.B. Strong and energetic.C. Rich and strong.

34、D. Grateful and selfless.2 . What makes Kenbe love NubAbilitys Archery Clinic?A. Perfect equipment.B. Relaxing courses.C. Great coaches.D. Different limbs.3 . _ was a reason why Dakota could coach at NubAbilitys Archery Clinic.A. The physical disabilityB. The passion for studentsC. The will of helpi

35、ngD. The lack of coaches4 . What would Kuhnert most like these kids to learn?A. Different sports.B. Being confident.C. Ways to succeed.D. Inspiring others.(五)时文摘要功能饮料有可能引起心脏病，青少年尤其需要注意。对此进行研究的马德里心脏病专家指出，很多看起来健康的青少年，在运动前后饮用含大量咖啡因的功能饮料可能会引起突发心脏病或者心率不稳。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. Scientists have r

36、evealed just how dangerous energy drinks can be, and can cause a sudden heart attack in some cases.While we all probably assumed that the large amounts of caffeine contained in these drinks probably werent great for our health, a study has now explored how another common ingredient could be dangerou

37、s.Guarana, a plant containing caffeine, is commonly used in energy drinks and can often lead to unexpected reactions when combined with other ingredients. In the case of energy drinks, guarana is often combined with ginseng(西洋参) or taurine(硫磺酸) to improve flavouring.A study explained the risk of sud

38、den cardiac(心脏的) events in young people after consuming such drinks. They wrote: “It seems clear that energy drinks might lead to critical events relating to the heart and blood vessels in the young population, even some of which are unable to recover.” The scientists wrote that such drinks can lead

39、 to fatal events, with heart attacks often occurring without warning.A 2021 Australian study, published in theNutrition Journal, surveyed 8942 students aged from 12 to 17 years old. Of the sample, they found that eight percent of students reported drinking energy drinks at least once a week, while o

40、ne in four students had consumed energy drinks at least once.While a study of a 21-year-old UK man was published inBMJ Case Reportsin 2021, who had unexpectedly been experiencing kidney failure(肾衰竭). The report stated: “There was no significant past medical history and he had no family history of he

41、art attacks.” However, the man had explained he had been drinking four 500 ML energy drinks a day for approximately two yearswith each drink containing 160 mg of caffeine. The study added: “Given the history of long-term energy drink consumption, lack of significant past medical or family history, c

42、ardiac imaging(心脏影像) findings and improvement with ceasing intake, energy drink-caused cardiotoxicity(心脏毒性) was felt to be the most likely cause.”1 . Why is guarana used in energy drinks?A. To improve peoples health.B. To find out a new ingredient.C. To make drinks taste better.D. To test the unexpe

43、cted reactions.2 . Which feature of cardiac events is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. They can be irreversible.B. They can cause death.C. They give no warningsignals.D. They widely occur incertainareas.3 . Why did the writer mention the example of a 21-year-old UK man?A. To show the potential danger

44、s of energy drinks.B. To advise people to focus on past family history.C. To ask people to stop their own bad habits.D. To experience the kidney failure when young.4 . Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Large amounts of caffeine are contained in drinks.B. Drinking energy drinks causes sudden hear

45、t attacks.C. People should pay more attention to cardiac health.D. Energy drinks are the most dangerous in our life.【答案解析】(一) 1. D 词意指代题。根据文章第一段第三句的 “Vande Hei returned in a Soyuz spacecraft with Russian cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Anton Shkaplerov”可知，三个宇航员（Vande Hei，Pyotr Dubrov和Anton Shkaplerov）在早

46、晨7:28分降落，而他们三人是在凌晨3:21离开的国际空间站，即“The trio”指的是这三名宇航员。故选D。2. B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei returned to Earth Wednesday, after spending a record-breaking 355 days in low-Earth orbit.”可知Mark Vande Hei在空间站待了355天；结合第二段第一二句“Vande Hei broke the record for the longest spaceflight by a NASA a

47、stronaut by 15 days. The record was previously held by retired astronaut Scott Kelly.”可知Mark Vande Hei比Scott Kelly在太空多待了15天，即Scott Kelly在太空度过了340天。故选B。3. C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Marks mission is.paving the way for future human explorers on the Moon, Mars, and beyond”“make incredible sacrifices in the name of science, exploration, and cutting-edge technology development”以及“Va