状语从句讲义--高三英语一轮复习.docx

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1、状语从句（教案）状语的分类 1.时间状语从句：当我给她打电话的时候她正在看电视。 2.地点状语从句：我们要在一个能找到水的地方露营。 3.原因状语从句：我错过了早班车因为我起床太晚了。 4.条件状语从句：我会给你买一个电脑如果你能考第一名。 5.目的状语从句：他学习很努力为了能考上清华大学。 6.让步状语从句：即使她没考好她也仍然面带微笑。 7.比较状语从句：她比她老公开车技术更好。 8.方式状语从句：他谈论月球生活就像是他去过那里一样。9.结果状语从句：我起床太晚了结果我就错过了早班车。 10.伴随状语：她迈着自信的步伐走进了教室。一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句，“主将从现” I will

2、call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home. If he comes back, please let me know. Well go outing if it doesnt rain tomorrow. You will get paid as soon as you have finished your work. 一.时间状语从句 1.常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since

3、, till, until 2.特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. Every time I listen to your

4、 advice, I get into trouble. Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. He visited a lot of places while he was traveling. He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. 3.表示“一 就”除as soon as外，还有三类：名词型the moment, the minute, the second, the instant；副词型immediatel

5、y, directly, instantly；句式型no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhenThe moment I saw him, I fell in love with him. I came immediately you called. 你一给我打电话，我就马上了。I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家，就开始下雨了。4.when, while和as的区别 when有时表示“就在那时”, whenand then; at that moment。 when可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段

6、When she came in, I stopped eating. When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. We were about to leave when he came in. When he came in, we were having supper. When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out.while后面的动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。while只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语从句

7、中的时态常用进行时态while有时还可以表示对比。While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. I like playing football while you like playing basketball. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep.As表示“一边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调一前一后。We always sing as we walk. As we was going out, it began

8、 to snow. She sang as she walked along.5.before和after引导的时间状语从句before的本意为“在之前”，有时还翻译为“还没来得及就”。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。It will be four days before they come back. Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. After you think it over, pleas

9、e let me know what you decide. After we had finished the work, we went home. 6.till或until引导的时间状语从句till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。I didnt go to bed until（till） my father came back. It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。 I

10、didnt work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。 7.由since引导的时间状语从句。since后面的动词可以是延续性的动词，也可以是非延续性动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is 时间since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。I have been in Beijing since you left. Where have you been since I last saw you? It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. It is five

11、months since our boss was in Beijing.2地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Sit wherever you like. Make a mark where you have a question. Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 句型1：Where地点从句，（there）主句。 Where there i

12、s no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. You should have put the book where you found it.句型2：Anywhere/ wherever地点从句，主句。 Wherever the sea is, you will find seamen. 三原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as, for 特殊引导词：seeing that(由于，鉴于 ), now that(既然), in

13、that, considering that(考虑到), given that(考虑到). My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference. Now that you have finished the work, you are free to do whatever you like.Seeing that youre already at the door, I suppose I must invite you

14、 inside. Considering hes only sixteen year old, he is not fit for the job. because, since, as, for辨析because语势最强，表示某件事情发生的直接原因或理由，回答why提出的问题。I didnt go, because I was afraid. He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.since表示很显然的原因。其语气比because要弱，一般译成“既然”Since the weather is so bad, we have

15、to delay our journey. as表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于”。As its getting darker, we must go home now.四目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that h

16、e could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. Speak clearly, so that =in order that they may understand you. The farmers put up iron fences around the flower garden for fear that the neighbors sheep break in.五结果状语从句 常用引导词：so that, su

17、ch that, 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, (such+名词或名词词组，so+形容词或副词)He got up so early that he caught the first bus. Its such a good chance that we must not miss it. She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting.来源:Z#xx#k.Com He was so excited that he

18、 could not say a word. 六条件状语从句 常用引导词：if, unless, 特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that （如果）Well start our project if the president agrees. You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying. Provided that there is no opposition,

19、we shall hold the meeting here. You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean. Supposing he is out, what shall we do? I will lend the money to you provided (that) you return it next week. （主将从现）七让步状语从句 常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though （即使）特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )

20、，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal. Child as he is, he knows a lot.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is roughNo matter how hard he tried, she could not c

21、hange her mind. as/though 引导的倒装句： 要把表语或状语提前。Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Hard as you may try, you will not succeed. Wait as you may, he will not see you. Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. 注意 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard

22、as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. = Though he tries hard, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 八比较状语从句 常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的

23、比较) 特殊引导词：the more the more ; just as ， so She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.no more than 不超过not more than 不如I have no more than two pens. Its no more than a mile to the shops. Jack is not more dilige

24、nt than John. 九方式状语从句 常用引导词：as, (just) asso, as if/though(正如，就像)特殊引导词：the way When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss. You must do the exercise (just) as I show you. He acted as if nothing had happened. She treated the child the way his mother did. Sometimes we teach ou

25、r children the way our parents have taught us. 十. 伴随状语（它没有从句）与谓语动词的动作或状态是同时发生的with复合结构表伴随分词形式（doing和done）独立主格结构 形容词来He sat on the chair,with his eyes closed.学He often sleeps with windows open. The teacher came into the classroom with a book under his arm. The old woman left the house with water runn

26、ing all the time. He sat in the armchair,reading a newspaper. The dog entered the room,following his master. The master entered the room,followed by his dog.Students went out of classroom,talking and laughing all the way. His wife came into the room carrying a box of clothes. The boy goes to school,the dog accompanying him every day. He went home,full of fear. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司