高考英语基础语法：名词性从句表语从句讲义.docx

《高考英语基础语法：名词性从句表语从句讲义.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语基础语法：名词性从句表语从句讲义.docx（2页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、高考英语基础语法：名词性从句-表语从句一、定义在复合句中，如作表语的是一个从句，该从句被称为表语从句。Here wish is that she could lose weight soon.The question is whether it is worth doing.It looked as if it was going to snow.The problem was who could do the work.That is what he is worried about.His trouble is where he can find a new job.The problem

2、 is how he can get food and clothing.That was why the brothers wanted to make a bet.二、表语从句的构成主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 句子三、常见的系动词1. be（am, is, are, was, were)2. feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell3. stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay4. become, get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall5. prove, turn o

3、ut四、表语从句的连接词1. 从属连词：that / whether /as if /as though / because (if不引导表语从句)2. 连接代词：who / whom /whose / which / what3. 连接副词：when / where /why / how1) 从属连词that：that 在表语从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略2) whether在表语从句中表“是否”但不充当句子的成分。if 不能引导表语从句。如:The question is whether it is worth doing.What the doctor really do

4、ubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.3) as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时从句就用过去式，be的话变成were。主句是过去式，从句用过去完成时)。It looks as if he were her own father. (与事实不符)It was as though he were mad. (与事实不符)Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if its going

5、to rain.4) because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。My anger is because you havent written to me for along time.5) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever引导的表语从句。The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。That was what she did this morning on reaching t

6、heattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。I read about it in some book or another, but what Idont know is which (book) it is.注意：what 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语表示“什么”，“所.的”或“.的事物，东西，人，样子，地方等”The question is what caused the accident. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .What he told you was what had been discussed at the

7、meeting.6) 连接副词 where, when, how, why除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。Thats where I cant agree with you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。Tha

8、t is where he was born.那就是他出生的地方。五、表语从句注意事项1. that, why 与 because 引导表语从句时的区别1) 虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但 that 没有词义，而 why 和 because 有自己的意思；另外，虽然 why和 because 都可引导表语从句，但前者why强调结果，后者because强调原因。如：The reason was that you dont trust her. 原因是你不信任她。The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。He was il

9、l. Thats why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。He was sent to the hospital. Thats because he was ill. 他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。2) reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导, 不能用why 引导。句型结构为：The reason is that 或The reason (why/for)is /was that. The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this

10、morning （当主语是reason时，reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导,而不能用because或者why. 但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that 引导。）The reason why he was late for school was that he got up lateThe reason that he gave for his absence was that he was ill.3) 表语从句的另一常用句型：名词主语bethat从句The fact is that I was in the garden when the robbery happened. (作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的名词fact, truth或表示看法观点的名词idea, opinion, belief, view, feeling, suggestion, plan等。如果是suggestion, proposal, advice, requirement 等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气（should）do。)学科网（北京）股份有限公司