句子的类型与三大从句学案--高考英语一轮复习.docx

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1、句子的类型与三大从句 1.简单句：一个主语（并列主语）+ 一个谓语（并列谓语) Simple Sentences e.g. 1) I live in Hunnan. 2) My friend and I are out-going. 3) Ms Green got up early and went shopping.句子Compound Sentences2. 并列句：由并立连词（and, but, or 等）把两个或两个以 上的简单句连接而成。 e.g. 1) You are a student and Im a teacher. 2) He got up early, but he wa

2、s late for class.3) Hurry up, or youll miss the bus.Complex Sentences3. 复合句 ：含有从句的句子。 1 ). I hear that Bob will come back tomorrow.2) . If you go to the party, youll have a great time.3) I like the music that I can dance to. that无意无用（宾语从句中常省略）有词义 a.宾语从句 连接词： if/whether 有意无用能在从句中作句子成分 wh- how 有意有用 语序

3、：陈述句语序：主语 谓语 时态： 主用现将，从不变；主过从过对应变；真金不怕火炼。1.Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that2. Mum is coming.What present_for your birthday?A.you expect she has gotB.you expect has she gotC.do you expect she has gotD.do you expect has she got3.The old ladys hand sho

4、ok frequently. She explained to her doctor _ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A.when;howB.how;whenC.how;howD.why;why4. Seeing his mother seemed uninterested in the story and _she remained _with her cellphone, he chose to m

5、assage her back.A./, occupiedB.that, occupyingC./, to be occupiedD.that, occupied5.I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.A.whereB.howC.whyD.if6. I truly believe _beauty comes from within. A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why7. The exhibition tells us we should do som

6、ething to stop air pollution. A.whereB.whyC.whatD.which8. I dont know _. A.how can I finish my homework on timeB.how I could finish my homework on timeC.I can how finish my homework on timeD.how I can finish my homework on time9. The weatherman has forecast that it tomorrow.A.rainsB.rained C.is goin

7、g to rainD.has rained10. Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_ heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wheneverb.定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句通常置于它修饰的词后，被修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词有关系代词【that(人、物）,who/whom（人）,which（物）,whose（作定语）】和关系副词（where，when, how）。关系代词（关系副词）要放在先行词与定语从句之间。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时常可省略。只

8、能用that的情况：1）先行词为不定代词anything,nothing,all,much,few,little,any,the one等时；2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；3）先行词既有人又有物时；4）当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。 关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语，宾语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person wi

9、th whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book (which) I g

10、ave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.注意：先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。关系副词的用法关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系副词when时间状语He came at a time when we needed him most.Well never forget the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.=at/in/on/during whichwhe

11、re地点状语This is the room where he he was born.=at/in/to whichwhy原因状语I know the reason why she studies so well.= for which根据关系词在从句中所作成分选用关系副词/关系代词，主要取决于其在从句中所作的成分,如果表示时间、地点、原因的名词，在从句中不作状语，而作主语、宾语、表语时，用which/that。I still remember the day that we spent together.This is the place which we visited. I wont

12、listen to the reason that you have given us. 1. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”2. They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.3The students benefiting most fr

13、om college are those _are totally engaged (参与) in academic life，taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources (资源)4. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deat

14、hs from all causes.5The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soiltesting program _ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmersand 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.6Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，_is not go

15、od for the health.7But Sarah，_has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.8But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，_ I was the first Western TV reporter .9. I like those books _ topics are about history.10

16、. We all admire the way _Tom treats his children.11.When I arrived, Duran took me to see the house_ I would be staying.12. They have 5 children, 3 of _ are boys.c.状语从句 特别注意时间和条件状语从句里的“主将从现”原则。 That is to say, “Simple Present Tense means Future in a adverbial clause.”“状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。”如：1) Well go for

17、 a picnic if it _ tomorrow.A. doesnt rain B. isnt rain C. wont rain 2) Dont s get off the bus until it _. A. will stop B. stopped C. stops3) Tom _ me about that as soon as he comes back.A. tells B. will tell C. has told从属连词引导时间状语从句when，while，as，after，before，until/till，since，assoonas引导原因状语从句because，s

18、ince，as引导条件状语从句if，unless，once，so long as引导目的状语从句sothat，inorderthat引导让步状语从句although，though，evenif，eventhough, whatever引导地点状语从句where，wherever引导比较状语从句than，as引导方式状语从句as，asif，asthough 引导结果状语从句so，sothat，so.that.，such.that.一、单句语法填空1He will come to call on you when he_(finish) his painting.2The bikes made i

19、n our factory are better _ those made in theirs.3The boy is running impatiently here and there as if _(search) for something lost on the sports ground.4 It started to rain as soon _he went out.5He made_ big a fire that the room was quite warm.6The old tower must be saved，_ it cost.7 _ he was tired，h

20、e decided not to stop to have a rest.8It will take us another five years _ all the roads are repaired.9The doctor advised me to live _ the air is fresh.10 He didnt come to school_ he was ill .二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Henry is 11 American businessman. One day, 12 he was sailing(航行)on a boat

21、near San Francisco, he was carried out into the sea by a strong wind. 13 (luck), he was discovered and picked up by a London-bound(开往伦敦的)ship. So he landed in London by accident. Alone 14 hungry, he walked on the streets of the city. Unexpectedly, he 15 (call) into a big house. There two rich 16 (br

22、other), Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told him not to open it 17 two oclock of the day. Henry didnt know 18 it was a million-pound(百万英镑)bank note. He left the big house and went into a cheap restaurant to get something to eat. Everyone was impolite and impatient to him. Why? 19 he was i

23、n rags(衣衫褴褛)and looked dirty. Then, 20 everyones surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best to please Henry. Dont you think its the most unbelievable story in the world?参考答案：宾语

24、从句15 ACCDB 610 ABDCB 定语从句：1. which 2. who/that 3. who 4. which/that 5. which/that 6. which 7. who8. when 9. whose 10. that 11. where 12. whom状语从句：一、单句语法填空1. Finishes 2. than 3. searching 4. as 5. so6. whatever 7. Though 8. before 9. where 10. because二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。10. an 12. when 13. Luckily 14. and 15. was called16. brothers 17. until 18. that 19. Because 20. to 学科网（北京）股份有限公司