Unit2ReadingandThinking课后练--高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册.docx

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1、UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE .阅读理解AResearchers at the University of Chicago have trained an artificial intelligence system, to write fake reviews on Yelp, a website showing customers reviews on shopping or something else, and its pretty hard to tell them apart from a human review.Their study, whic

2、h will be presented at the ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security in October, aimed to throw attention onto how easily these systems can write reviews like humans and how damaging they can become if theyre not monitored properly.Since many small businesses rely on online reviews to h

3、elp grow and keep their reputation, a future where someonelike a rival or angry customercould crazily fill their page with negative reviews written by a machine is pretty worrying.And, according to the research team, the threat goes far beyond a bunch of fake reviews on Yelp. “In general the threat

4、is bigger,” Ben Y. Zhao, one of the authors of the study, said. “I think the threat towards society is large and it really misleads users and shakes our belief in what is real and what is not. I think thats going to be even unimaginable.”To test how believable these reviews came across, the research

5、ers invited 40 volunteers and had AI generate five fake reviews for 40 actual restaurants. The volunteers were asked how useful they thought the review was and whether or not they thought it was fake. The AI reviews ranked as “effectively indistinguishable” from real reviews, according to the study.

6、 Further, the fake reviews were given a 3.15 “usefulness” rating, compared to a 3.28 rating for human reviews.1What can the new artificial intelligence system do according to the passage?AIt can help train new reviewers. BIt can tell the real reviews from the fake ones.CIt can write human-like revie

7、ws. DIt can easily damage the businesses.2What does the underlined word “rival” mean in the passage?AA person who respects you deeply. BA person who competes with you.CA person who loves to give fake reviews. DA person who can control you from distance.3What can we infer from Ben YZhaos remarks?AArt

8、ificial intelligence can put the society in danger. BThe artificial intelligence is only used by the researchers.C.Ben Y. Zhao is optimistic about the further development of artificial intelligence.DThe artificial intelligence will help people shake.4What is the best title for the passage?ASuggestio

9、ns on Giving Reviews BHow to Tell the Fake ReviewsCDevelopment of AI in Review on Yelp DAI is Coming to Steal Your ReviewsBIn the future, therapy patients may spend less time sitting in a therapists office and more time exploring virtual worlds. Researchers have created a new virtual reality (VR) ap

10、p to treat the fear of heights. The app just had a clinical trial.People developed other VR therapies in the past. These programs needed a real-life therapist to guide patients through the treatment. But the new system only uses an animated avatar (虚拟化身) within the app. The avatar coaches patients a

11、s they climb a virtual high-rise. This kind of therapist-free counseling could make it much easier for people to get help for fears and other disorders.“This is a huge step forward for VR therapy,” says Jennifer Hames, a clinical psychologist. “With this system, people dont need to visit a therapist

12、s office to get expert help. They could get help in their regular doctors office, or even at home. That could be good for people who arent comfortable with face-to-face therapy, or who cant afford it,” she says.To test how effective their app was, Freeman and colleagues recruited (招募) 100 adult volu

13、nteers, who were moderately to severely afraid of heights. The researchers randomly assigned 49 people to have VR treatment while the other 51 participants got no treatment. Before the experiment began, participants filled out a questionnaire that rated their fear of heights from 16 to 80. They fill

14、ed out the same questionnaire right after the treatment. Then they did it again two weeks later.The scores of patients who got no treatment stayed the same. But people who used the VR app dropped an average of about 25 points on the scale. “The results give strong evidence that the new VR program is

15、 more helpful than no treatment at all. But its not clear how well this type of system could work for more complex mental health issues，” says Mark Hayward, a clinical psychologist at the University of Sussex. “And when it comes to helping people with more severe symptoms, VR probably wont replace t

16、rained therapists any time soon.”5What is the passage mainly about?AThe causes of the fear of heights. BThe results of the fear of heights.CA VR app to treat the fear of heights. DThe treatment of the fear of heights.6What do we know about the VR therapy?AIt has a therapist to guide patients. BIt is

17、 convenient and doesnt cost much.CIt allows patients to climb a real high-rise. DIt requires patients to go to the therapists office.7Why did Freemans team conduct the experiment?ATo rate the participants fear of heights. BTo check the effectiveness of the VR app.CTo find out how severe peoples fear

18、 of heights is. DTo explore a new way to improve the treatment.8In helping people with more severe symptoms, _A. the VR app is very helpful Bthe results of the app are not clearCtrained therapists are still needed Dno trained therapists are necessaryII. 七选五 主题语境：人与社会-电子身份证 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：7If you need

19、 to prove who you are in China, you will usually need to use an ID card. It shows your name, date of birth, address, nationality, photo and ID number. _1_. In 2018, Alipay introduced its first electronic ID card. The card is an electronic version of the real ID card and is recognized by the Ministry

20、 of Public Security. _2_ Users can simply select “Web ID” in the app and follow the instructions. The electronic ID card can now be used in Hangzhou, Quzhou and Fuzhou. People in these three cities can use the card to check into hotels, buy train tickets and do other tasks. _3_. “_4_ Even if they fo

21、rget their ID cards, they can still get things done. Since the process is simplified, it also makes things easier for government offices and companies,” the mayor of Quzhou said. Its safe to use Alipays new service, in case you are worried that someone might steal your identity. _5_ Then, you have t

22、o pass both a fingerprint and facial recognition scan before you can use the electronic ID card.A. This gives people another choice.B. The safety of the electronic ID card is the main concern.C. They dont have to show their standard ID cards anymore.D. But not all people have welcomed the electronic ID card/E. But now, you can prove your identity using your smartphone.F. Its quite easy to get an electronic ID card by using the Alipay app.G. First, you must unlock your phone and enter your Alipay password. 1. _ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._学科网（北京）股份有限公司