高二英语暑假作业（3）.docx

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1、高二英语暑假作业（3）第一部分 阅读理解第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2022 Tour Details7-Day Tour from London to Edinburgh A London Guide will show you the citys famous landmarks like Bucking ham Palace, Downing Street and Westminster Abbey. Then, in Edinburgh, youll tour the castle and see Scotlands Crown Jewe

2、ls. From the historical sights to the beautiful scenery, this guided tour of England and Scotland is a great way to experience everything Britain has to offer.Starting at: $8499- Day Tour from Dublin to London Your guided tour of Ireland and Britain begins in the capital city of Dub lin. Enjoy seein

3、g the “ Fair City” including the statue-lined oh OConnell Street, Trinity College and St. Patricks Cathedral. Your local guide will show you the famous sights, including the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Westminster Abbey and Bucking ham Palace. This guided tour of Ireland and Britain is a welcome

4、escape with fewer crowds and lower costs than high-season tours.Starting at: $1,0697-Day Tour from London to Paris Your guided vacation in London begins with a welcome dinner and a cruise on the Thames River to admire the Tower Bridge and the Houses of Parliament. Youll spend three nights in London

5、to see the sits of this historic cityfrom Big Ben to Bucking ham Palace, and also St. Pails Cathedral. Then youll enjoy a 3-night stay in Paris. This includes sightseeing at the Arc de Triomphe, Con c or de Square, clamps-Elysees, and a shine cruise. This guided tour of London and Paris is certain t

6、o be enjoyable with fewer crowds in the off-season!Starting at: $1,1491.How much would the 7-day tour from London to Edinburgh cost a couple at least?A.$849.B.$1,149.C.$1,698.D.$2,138.2.Which place can you visit if you take the 9-day tour from Dublin to London?A.Trinity College.B.Downing Street.C.Th

7、e Thames River.D.Con corde Square.3.What do the three tours have in common?A.They cover the same number of sights.B.They all begin in the capital city of London.C.They take people the same amount of time.D.They all include a visit to Bucking ham Palace.B Fairy tales perform many functions. They ente

8、rtain and encourage imagination, help build up the quality of integrity and teach problem-solving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the danger of failing to follow the social codes(道德准则) that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot

9、, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believe they have found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI (artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart. The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptab

10、le ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. They believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity, which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and B

11、ill Gates. This system is called Quixote. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave. Though sounding absurd, it really worked. The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs

12、to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line, it can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine early, or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指令), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient m

13、eans of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion. After being tested out, Quixote is shown to work best on a

14、 robot that has a very limited function. Its a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive (努力) to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to re

15、ad and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.1. What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?A. They entertain robots.B. They highlight danger.C. They make robots more intelligent.D. They enable robots to behave morally.2. What is Quixote in the text?A. A punishment system.B.

16、A character in literature.C. A big name in technology.D. A system of educating robots.3. What do the designers expect the robot to do in the experiment?A. Take advantage of its privilege(优惠待遇).B. Finish the task most efficiently.C. Perform in good manners.D. Be rewarded by the storekeeper.4. Which o

17、f the following can best express the authors opinion?A. Robots will definitely have more functions.B. Robots with human emotions are perfect.C. Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.D. The development of robots is still in a baby step.CMore and more people around the world are livin

18、g in city areas and the need for high-quality fresh food is rising. At the same time, new homes, apartment buildings, shopping centers and roads are taking the place of rich land near cities. That makes growing crops in tall buildings an interesting solution.In Dallas, Texas, a company called Green

19、Habitat Hydroponics (GHH) sells vertical farming (垂直农业) supplies. “You can control anything and everything you want to with hydroponicsthe process of growing plants in sand, small stones or water with added nutrients (营养物) but not soil,” Kris Maxwell, a sales employee at GHH said. “For example, cert

20、ain plants need certain nutrients and PH levels. But dont worry. You can change the hydroponics solutions (溶液) by adding or taking away nutrients, or by changing the PH level, or even by controlling the amount of water in a solution, so that plants get all the nutrients and water requirements they n

21、eed. There are even different solutions for certain stages in the plants growth.”In this indoor environment, LED lights, which are environmentally friendly, replace the sun. Heaters, coolers, and special machines control the temperature and humidity. Up to 300 plants can grow in one container unit.G

22、HH also sells aeroponics (气雾栽培) systems. With this system, plants are placed in huge containers where only the roots are put in a solution. Nutrient rich wastes from fish, for example, are filtered and sent through the system.The good thing about this method is that no fertilizers have to be used be

23、cause the fish produce all of the necessary nutrients. Another advantage of vertical farming is that no pests will damage your crops.What do you think? Does vertical farming have a bright future?1. Which of the following may not be the reason for vertical farming?A. Many people nowadays are flowing

24、into cities.B. The earth has to support more and more people.C. People show greater interest in eating fresh food.D. The fields for growing crops near cities are reducing day by day.2. As for vertical farming, what can be used to take the place of the sunshine?A. Heaters.B. Coolers.C. Light from a k

25、ind of bulb.D. Air conditioning machines.3. The underlined word “filtered” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by “_”.A. balancedB. removedC. destroyedD. created4. What is an advantage of aeroponics system used in vertical farming?A. It can be easily operated.B. People can get delicious food.C.

26、There is no need for chemical nutrients.D. It may bring about a good harvest.DDanelien van Aalst at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and her colleagues have investigated how relative age affects popularity among 14 to 15-year-olds in the Netherlands, Sweden and England. They collected

27、survey data from 13,251 students from the three countries.Each teenager was asked to identify five of the most popular students in their class. The researchers then compared the popularity of each child to their age relative to that of their classmates. They discovered a connection; the older the st

28、udent was, the more likely he or she was to be considered popular.“A child enters school before or after a certain cut-off date and that determines how old or young you are relative to your year group.” says Danelien van Aalst. “We found that if youre born right after the cut-off date, making you on

29、e of the oldest members of your class, youre going to be popular.”They found that the same effect also applied at the year-group level. Here, it was the children who were the oldest relative to all of their fellows in the year grouprather than just those in their particular class-that were the most

30、popular.All three countries showed almost the same pattern. However, at the year-group level, it was the most pronounced in England. At the classroom level, it was in the Netherlands that the pattern was the strongest. This is partly because the country has a system of grade retention (留级)-when stud

31、ents dont meet their academic requirements, their teachers will hold them back a year, which means they then are older than all the other classmates and often the most popular.This relative age effect has been shown in other areas. “Relative age has earlier been demonstrated to affect school perform

32、ancerelatively older children do better in school,” says Herman van Werfhorst at the University of Amsterdam, who wasnt involved in the study, Similarly, previous research has shown that older children tend to be better at sports than younger students in the same year group.1.What were the students

33、in the survey required to do?A.Compare their classmates.B.Name some popular students.C.Identify their classmates age.D.Try to become popular in their class.2.What does the underlined word pronounced mean in Paragraph 5?A.Obvious.B.Complex.C.Exceptional.D.Unbelievable.3.What happens to the students h

34、eld back a year?A.They miss most of their lessons.B.They make great academic progress.C.They become the oldest in their class.D.They experience a drop in popularity.4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph concerning relative age?A.Its the focus of many other scientists.B.It fails to show its

35、effect outside schools.C.Its effect shows in sports performance.D.Its effect has been studied in various other fields.第二节 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Brainstorming really can play a role in your study. It can help open up your imagination._ You can brainstorm alone or in a group; eithe

36、r way can help increase the number of ideas you come up with. For instance, you can try free writing. Write your problem at the top of a page. Once you do that, just begin writing._ Using this technique can help get your ideas flowing, as well as help you make connections you havent thought of. When

37、 youve spent 10 or 15 minutes on free writing or when you feel like youve reached a stopping point, look back over your writing and highlight or circle anything that might be useful._ You can start with your problem in the center within a circle. Start new branches for new ideas. This technique is a

38、lso good for making connections, especially since you can represent it visually. Individual brainstorming is most effective when you need to solve a simple problem, generate a list of ideas, or focus on a broad issue._ In a group, be sure to brainstorm before you get together so you have some time t

39、o think. Avoid criticizing or rewarding ideas as that can stop people from bringing up ideas and limit creativity. The leader can throw out a topic or problem, and then the group can bounce ideas off each other. Will the ideas be good or not too good?_ The deeper analysis you have conducted, the eas

40、ier it should be to fix the problem.A.Analyzing them is an important step.B.You can see different solutions.C.Taking notes is very necessary.D.Another way to brainstorm is to make a concept tree.E.Dont criticize and just write whatever comes to your mind.F.Group brainstorming is often more effective

41、 in solving complex problems.G.Ask yourself what really matters, then move your daily activities in that direction.第二部分 语言知识运用第一节 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was Jennifer Williamss mother who got her hooked on books. A a librarian, she 1 to her three children every day

42、.When Williams, now 54, became an elementary school 2 and tutor in Danville, Virginia, she wanted her students to 3 with reading just as she had. 4 early on, she realized that some kids had 5 access to books.To Williams, the 6 was simple: Give kids books. In 2017, as part of a civic(市政)event called

43、Engage Danville, she 7 900 used childrens books over three days. She set a new 8 for herself: Give away one million books. It sounds like an 9 number, but as Williams 10 on Facebook: Dont 11 in the bleachers if you arent willing to work hard out on the field.So she got to work, first by roping in fr

44、iends to 12 books or money to buy books. Before long, as news of Williamss project 13 , friends started 14 bundles of books on her front porch. As 15 as the books come in, Williams gives them to local schools-free of 16 and also supplies books to little free libraries around the city of 41,000 just

45、over the North Carolina border.In the four years shes been doing all this, the Book Lady, as Williams has come to be known, has given away more than 78,000 booksonly 922,000 more to reach her goal! And shes not 17 . Its too important for 18 with few options.“Reading can take you anywhere, she told C

46、NN. You can travel in 19 and space. If you can read, you can 20 almost anything.1.A.readB.wroteC.expressedD.announced2.A.teacherB.librarianC.principalD.student3.A.keep upB.fall in loveC.come upD.get together4.A.SoB.InsteadC.MeanwhileD.But5.A.limitedB.readyC.abundantD.financial6.A.goalB.thoughtC.solu

47、tionD.step7.A.looked forB.gave awayC.put backD.threw away8.A.schoolB.goalC.storeD.role9.A.unbearableB.uncontrolledC.unreachableD.unacceptable10.A.postedB.requiredC.sharedD.showed11.A.cryB.stopC.hesitateD.complain12.A.rentB.donateC.borrowD.deliver13.A.raisedB.spreadC.arrivedD.disappeared14.A.hookingB.deliveringC.leavingD.giving15.A.quicklyB.slowlyC.indi