主题语境训练：自然--高考英语复习.docx

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1、高考英语复习备考：主题语境-自然 主题测试I. 阅读理解When a leafy plant is under attack， it doesnt sit quietly. Back in 1983， two scientists， Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin， reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the inju

2、red parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds， Voss for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out Voss when being attacked. Its a plants way of crying out. But is anyone listening

3、？ Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive， the tables are turned. The attacker w

4、ho was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study， it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant， but the neighbors， relatively speaking， stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plan

5、ts talk to each other？ Scientists dont know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches， and so， in effect， was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged， but it wasnt a true， intentional

6、 back and forth.Charles Darwin， over 150 years ago， imagined a world far busier， noisier and more intimate （亲密的） than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on.1. What does a plant do when it is under attack？A. It makes noises. B. It gets help from other plants.

7、C. It stands quietly. D. It sends out certain chemicals.2. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3？A. The attackers get attacked.B. The insects gather under the table.C. The plants get ready to fight back.D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.3. Scientists find from the

8、ir studies that plants can _.A. predict natural disasters B. protect themselves against insectsC. talk to one another intentionally D. help their neighbors when necessary4. What can we infer from the last paragraph？A. The world is changing faster than ever. B. People have stronger senses than before

9、.C. The world is more complex than it seems. D. People in Darwins time were more imaginative. 完形填空The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March 1six months out of the year.“Of course， we2it when the sun is s

10、hining，” says Karin Ro， who works for the towns tourism office. “We see the sky is3 ， but down in the valley its darkerits like on a4day.”But that5when a system of high-tech6was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks （山峰） into the valley below. Wednesday， residents （居民） of Rjukan7thei

11、r very first ray of winter sunshine： A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to8 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that9them to turn along with the sun throughout the10and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam （束） of light onto the towns centra

12、l11 ， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light12 ， Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been13there and standing there and taking14of each other，” Ro says. “The town square was totally15 . I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3，500 resid

13、ents cannot all16the sunshine at the same time.17 ， the new light feels like more than enough for the towns18residents.“Its not very19 ，” she says， “but it is enough when we are20 .”III. 语法填空When man starts his work in nature， the balance is likely 1. _ （destroy）. He grows a crop and takes it away t

14、o eat; then there are no dead leaves to fall on the ground， holding water while it sinks into the surface. 2. _ a farmer acts with knowledge and skill， he is therefore most likely to make the land 3. _（bad） year by year. 4. _（take） the place of the useful matter in the crops that he removes， he uses

15、 some kind of fertilizer. In some places， it is a habit to burn waste material lying about， but such burning destroys the useful matter5. _the plants need to grow. Although the ashes that are left are valuable when put on the land， a better practice is to bury the waste so that it decays and increas

16、es the humus（腐殖质） in the soil.In the past， when the world population was much less than it is now， a man had little difficulty 6. _（grow） the food that was needed. When a field had been used for some years and had become tired， the farmer could move to another place. The tired land then slowly recov

17、ered. Gradually grasses and other plants would appear on it and its 7. _（produce） power would slowly return to normal through their decay. But nature， 8. _（leave） alone， would take a long time to bring back the land to its former state; the 9. _（long） of time required would depend on local condition

18、s， but it might well be ten years.Anyway， it is a bad practice to grow the same crop in a field year after year and is mans responsibilities to find solutions 10. _ the problem of soil protection.IV. 书面表达请根据下面的提示写一篇短文，介绍飓风（hurricane）的一些基本知识。注意：1. 词数100左右;2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。自然 答案. 阅读理解【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明

19、文。研究发现，当自然界中的植物受到攻击时，它们会释放Voss，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。14 DABC. 完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是挪威山谷小镇Rjukan受地形影响，一年中有近六个月无阳光照射。当地政府在山顶架设巨镜，利用反光原理将光线反射到小镇中心广场，让民众能够享受到自然阳光。15 CDBAB 610 CCDBA1115 CADAB 1620 CBDAD. 语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，讲的是如果人们不能用合适的方法在土地上种植作物，那土地就会变得越来越贫瘠。人们想要土地里的食物，就要注意保护土地。1. to be destroye

20、d 2. Unless 3. worse 4. To take 5. that/which 6. growing 7. productive 8. left 9. length 10. to. 书面表达Hurricane， which most frequently happens during summer， has a close relationship with human beings， since it brings much rainfall to many places.However， as one of the most destructive natural disast

21、ers， hurricane has also brought quite a lot of damage. Usually， hurricane happens in a sudden way and it is very destructive. Whats worse， when a district is hit by a hurricane， its towns and crops will be flooded due to the heavy rainfall， which will in turn cause a heavy loss to peoples lives and money.To protect peoples lives and property， the government should take effective measures.学科网（北京）股份有限公司