《分析化学（上）》教学大纲.docx

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1、分析化学（上）教学大纲-正文内容开始- 分析化学(上)课程教学大纲（三号黑体） 课程代码：09041035 课程类别：大类基础课程 授课对象：强化班 专业 开课学期：春季 学分：3学分 指定教材：Douglas A. Skoog, Donald M. West, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchFundamentals of Analytical ChemistryBrooks Cole; 8 edition (August 7, 2022) 一、教学目的： 分析化学是化学专业类学生的主要基础课之一，它的理论知识和方法不仅是分析化学研究的基础，也是从事化学教

2、育、化学、生物、地质、环境、材料等学科工作的基础。学习本课程的目的，在于使学生掌握定量及仪器分析的基本原理、基础知识和基本操作，培养学生实事求是的科学态度，建立起严格的“量”的概念，培养学生具有从事相关的理论研究与实际应用能力。 二、课程内容 Chapter 1 Introduction on Analytical Chemistry 课时：1周，共3课时 Content The definition of analytical chemistry, function Teaching Outline: Classification and Nomenclature, the aim, the

3、 function of analytical chemistry The history and recent development Teaching Outline: recent development; definition of on-line, real-time and in-vivo; gravimetry, titrimetry Quantitative and qualitative analysis Teaching Outline: Quantitative analysis; qualitative analysis; major, micro, trace, an

4、d ultratrace analysis Introduction on titration analysis Teaching Outline: titrimetry; standard solution; stoichiometric point, end point; classification of titrimetry; direct titration, back titration, replacement titration, indirect titration; calculations in titrimetry Sample collection and pretr

5、eatment Teaching Outline: preparation on inorganic samples; sample collection; fusion, dry ashing, wet ashing, microwave digestion Chapter 2 Errors and Data processing in Quantitative Analysis 课时：2周，共5课时 Content 2.1 Errors in analytical chemistry Teaching Outline: Systematic errors, random errors, p

6、recision and accuracy, central value, deviation and error, average deviation and standard deviation, mean, 2.2 Distribution of random errors Teaching Outline: distribution rule of random error, the Gaussian curves, areas under a Gaussian curve, standard error of the mean, confidence intervals, 2.3 S

7、tatistic of limited data Teaching Outline: T distribution; compare a mean with a true value (t test); compare two precisions (F test); comparing two means (u test) 2.4 Methods for the improvement of accuracy Teaching Outline: selection of analytical methods, elimination of systematic errors, add tim

8、e of tests, reduce random errors 2.5 Regression equation Teaching Outline: regression equation, correlation coefficient 2.6 significant figures Teaching Outline: significant figures, counting rules, arithmetic rules Chapter 3 Acid-base Equilibria and Acid-Base Titration 课时：3周，共9课时 Content 3.1 Acid-b

9、ase titration in aqueous solutions Teaching Outline: Acid-base theory, dissociation constant, concentration, activity and activity coefficient 3.2 Distribution of various formations in acid-base solution Teaching Outline: analytical concentration and equilibrium concentration, influence of acidity o

10、n the formations in acid-base solution 3.3 calculation of pH Teaching Outline: proton balance equation, calculation of various solution, strong acids or bases, weak acids or bases, monoprotic acid, polyprotic acid 3.4 Buffer solution for acid-base pairs Teaching Outline: buffer capacity, calculation

11、 of pH value of buffer solution, common buffer solutions and their preparation 3.5 Acid-base indicators Teaching Outline: working mechanism of indicators, common indicators and their transition range, hybrid indicators 3.6 acid-base titration Teaching Outline: titration curves; the end point break;

12、titration in strong acid (base), polyprotic acids and mixtures; selection of indicators; titration error 3.7 application of acid-base titration Teaching Outline: preparation of standard solutions and their calibration; influence of carbon dioxide in titration; application of acid-base titration: tit

13、ration of boric acid, Kjeldahl nitrogen determination Chapter 4 Complexometric Titration 课时：2周，共7课时 Content 4.1 Introduction on complexometric titration Teaching Outline: complexometry in analytical chemistry, property of EDTA and its applicaitionin complexometric titration 4.2 Complexometric equili

14、bria Teaching Outline: stability (formation) constant, dissociation constant; distruibution of various formations in aqueous solution; metal ion buffers 4.3 Conditional formation constant Teaching Outline: side reaction; side reaction coefficient; conditional formation constant 4.4 Metal ion indicat

15、ors, Teaching Outline: working mechanism of metal ion indicators; turning point and selection of metal ion indicators; commonly used metal ion indicators 4.5 Basic principles for complexometric titration Teaching Outline: titration curve and change of concentration during the titration process; fact

16、ors influence the end point break; the end point error and its calculations 4.6 Acidity control in complexometric titration Teaching Outline: feasibility of titration test in a single metal ion solution; control of acidity single metal ion titration; the highest, the lowest and the best acidity; fea

17、sibility of titration test in multi-ion solutions 4.7 Methods for the improvement of selectivity in complexometric titration Teaching Outline: control the acidity; masking agent and dismasking agent 4.8 Application of complexometric titration Teaching Outline: direct titration, indirect titration, b

18、ack titration and displacement titration; masking; preparation and calibration of EDTA standard Chapter 5 Oxidation-reduction Titration 课时：2周，共5课时 Content 5.1 Redox equlibria Teaching Outline: conditional potentials; ionic strength effect, side reaction effect; acidity effect; rate of redox reaction

19、s, self-catalyzed reaction and induced reaction 5.2 Redox titration Teaching Outline: redox titration curve; end-point potential; redox indicators; commonly used indicators; preadjustement: preoxidation and preresduction 5.3 Application of redox titration Teaching Outline: potassium permanganate met

20、hod; potassium dichromate; starch-iodine method, iodimetry (direct) and iodometry (indirect), use of starch indicator Chapter 6 Precipitation titration 课时：0.5周，共1课时 Teaching Outline: Precipitation reaction, principles and applications of Mohr titration, Volhard titration and Fajans titration Chapter

21、 7 Gravimetry 课时：2周，共5课时 Content 7.1 introductions Teaching Outline: classification of Gravimetry and its properties; procedure of gravimetric analysis; requirement on the precipitation form 7.2 solubility of precipitation Teaching Outline: solubility and intrinsic solubility; activity product, solu

22、bility product and conditional solubility product; common ion effect, salt effect, acid effect, compleximetric effect and other factors influence the solubility 7.3 formation of precipitations Teaching Outline: Classification of precipitations, crystalline precipitation and amorphous precipitation;

23、Homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation 7.4 Main factors influence the purity of precipitation Teaching Outline: Coprecipitation, adsorption co precipitation, occlusion and inclusion; post precipitation 7.5 Conditions for precipitation and post treatment Teaching Outline: Requirements for crystalli

24、ne precipitation, amorphous precipitation; aging; homogeneous precipitation 7.6 Organic precipitation agents Teaching Outline: Classification and commonly used organic precipitation agents Chapter 8 Separation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry 课时：2周，共6课时 Content 8.1 introductions Teaching Outline:

25、Separation and classification, recovery 8.2 Precipitation Teaching Outline: Inorganic precipitation, organic precipitation; separation and enrichment of co precipitation 8.3 Liquid-liquid extraction Teaching Outline: Essence of extraction, distribution constant and distribution ratio; efficiency of

26、extraction, classification of extraction; requirements 8.4 Ion-exchange for separation Teaching Outline: ion-exchange resin types, properties and ion-exchange reactions; affinity; operations in ion-exchange; ion-exchange chromatography 8.5 chromatographic methods Teaching Outline: Principle on chrom

27、atographic separation, classification; paper, thin-layer and column chromatography 8.6 other techniques for separation Chapter 9 introduction on Electrochemical Analysis 课时：1周，共2课时 Content Teaching Outline: Classification of electrochemical methods, their application Electrochemical cells, potential

28、, classification of cells, Cottrell equation, Faradys law Introduction on conductivity analysis Chapter 10 Pontentiometry 课时：1周，共4课时 Content 10.1 Basic principles Teaching Outline: Electrode potential and its relation with concentration, calomel electrode, electrodes of the first, second and third k

29、ind 10.2 ion-selective electrodes Teaching Outline: Glass electrode, single crystal electrode, polycrystalline or mixed crystal electrode, membrane electrode, membrane potentials and boundary potentials; Nernst equation; selectivity coefficients, detection limit 10.3 Application of ion-selective ele

30、ctrodes Teaching Outline: Method for the detection of ion activity; definition and measurement of pH 10.4 Potentiometric titrations Teaching Outline: Types of potentiometric titration, working electrode; Automatic potentiometric Titrator Chapter 11 Coulometry 课时：1周，共3课时 Content 11.1 Basic principles

31、 Teaching Outline: Applied potential and overpontential, influence of the solution component on electrolysis potential 11.2 Electricity gravimetric method Teaching Outline: Potentiostats; requirement for a quantitative electrolysis; application of Electricity gravimetric method 11.3 Coulometry Teach

32、ing Outline: Faradys law, controlled-potential Coulometry; controlled-potential Coulometric titration; Automatic Coulometer Chapter 12 Polarography and Voltammetry 课时：1周，共4课时 Content 12.1 basic principles Teaching Outline: Basic process of polarography and the setup; Dropping mercury electrodes and

33、solid Electrodes; E-i curve; 12.2 Polarographic current Teaching Outline: Diffusion current and Diffusion current equation; half-wave potential 12.3 Application of polarography Teaching Outline: quantitative and qualitative method for polarography, application of polarography 12.4 New polarography a

34、nd voltammetry Teaching Outline: excitation signals in Voltammetry; Volatmetric instrumentation; Hydrodynamic Voltametry; cyclic and pulse Voltametry; application of Voltametry and the stripping methods 三、各章课时分配表 章序号 章内容 学时数 1 Introduction on Analytical Chemistry 3 2 Errors and Data processing in Qu

35、antitative Analysis 5 3 Acid-base Equilibria and Acid-Base Titration 9 4 Complexometric Titration 7 5 Oxidation-reduction Titration 5 6 Precipitation titration 1 7 Gravimetry 5 8 Separation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry 6 9 introduction on Electrochemical Analysis 2 10 Pontentiometry 4 11 Coulo

36、metry 3 12 Polarography and Voltammetry 4 总计 54 参考书目 Gary D. Christian, Analytical Chemistry, Wiley; 6 edition (March 14, 2022) Douglas A. Skoog, Donald M. West, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch, Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, Brooks Cole; 8 edition August 7, 2022) Robert Kellner, Jean-Mich

37、el Mermet, Matthias Otto, Miguel Valcarcel, H. Michael Widmer Analytical Chemistry: A Modern Approach to Analytical Science, Wiley-VCH; 2 edition (October 8, 2022) 第16页 共16页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页