卧式声定位系统定位误差源分析及标调装置设计-陈旭光.docx
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1、声明 本学位论文是我在导师的指导下取得的研宂成果,尽我所知,在本学位 论文中,除了加以标注和致谢的部分外,不包含其他人己经发表或公布过的 研究成果,也不包含我为获得任何教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。 与我一同工作的同事对本学位论文做出的贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说 明。 研究生签名 : 年 $月 /日 学位论文使用授权声明 南京理工大学有权保存本学位论文的电子和纸质文档,可以借阅或上 网公布本学位论文的部分或全部内容,可以向有关部门或机构送交并授权 其保存、借阅或上网公布本学位论文的部分或全部内容。对于保密论文,按 保密的有关规定和程序处理。 研究生签名: 挪他幻 年;月 ,曰 双三角卧
2、式声定位系统尽管己经被用于弹着点的坐标定位,但其定位精度仍然满足 不了越来越高的测试需求。本文从基于双三角被动声定位原理出发,尝试系统分析双三 角卧式声定位系统定位过程中的误差因素,并对其进行理论分析与实验研宄,为高精度 声定位装置的研制奠定基础。 系统研宄了双三角卧式声定位系统定位过程中的误差源及其误差特性。探讨数学解 算模型和弹丸章动角对定位精度的影响;仿真分析了风速与风向对定位精度的影响。仿 真分析了弹丸入射角度(方位角与俯仰角)引入的定位误差,确定了定位精度允许范围 内的最大入射角;仿真分析了激波信号速度衰减对系统定位精度的影响;探讨传感器、 信号调理电路及特征点 提取判断对定位精度的
3、影响,并设计了验证试验,确定了误差范 围。 设计误差源实验研宄平台,搭建实验测试系统。选择驻极体式声传感器作为激波信 号测量传感器,设计对应的信号调理电路,实现对传感器输出信号的滤波、放大及整形 处理;基于 FPGA与 MSP430设计了时差数据提取模块、存储及通信模块,实现了激波 信号的采集、计算、存储及远程无线发送功能;基于 Labview设计了上位机实时控制以 及显示界面。利用误差源实验研宄平台,实验研宄了激波信号测量传感器的一致性以及 滤波电路、放大电路和整形电路的相关参数对定位精度的 影响。 研究了双三角卧式声定位系统的标调方法,并设计了对应的标调装置。设计了高频 声波发生装置,通过
4、波形转换、修正、放大等处理,驱动发生装置产生声信号,用于传 感器及系统电路的特性进行分析。设计了模拟坐标信号发牛装置,模拟激波来临时六路 时间信号,用于除传感器部分的系统的性能分析与测试。研宄了弹道与虚拟测试靶面的 垂直度控制方法,并设讣了对应的调控装置,减小了实验时的由于测试靶架安装的不正 确引起的定位误差的影响。 设计风速、入射角度、激波哀减实验,用于验证其仿真分析的正确性。 关键字:卧式声定位,误差源, 误差源分析平台,标调方法,标调装置 Abstract Nowadays the dual triangle horizontal acoustic positioning system
5、has been used in coordinate positioning of the impact point, but its positioning precision still cannot meet the increasingly high test requirements. Based cm the principle of dual triangle passive acoustic positioning, this paper attempts to systematically analyze the error factors in the positioni
6、ng process of the dual triangle horizontal acoustic positioning system, and make theoretical analysis and experimental study, in order to lay a foundation for the design of high precision acoustic positioning devices. The system studies the error source in the positioning process of the dual triangl
7、e horizontal acoustic positioning system and its error characteristics. And the influence of mathematical model and nutation angle of projectile on positioning precision is discussed. The influence of wind speed and direction on positioning precision is simulated and analyzed. Then the positioning e
8、rror which is introduced by projectile incidence angle (azimuth and pitch angle) is simulated and analyzed, and the maximum incidence angle in the range allowed by positioning precision can be determined. Additionally, the influence of the velocity attenuation of shockwave signal on the positioning
9、precision of the system is simulated and analyzed. The effects of sensor, signal conditioning circuit and feature points extraction judgment on positioning precision are discussed and the validation test is designed to determine the error range. The paper designs error source experimental verificati
10、on platform and sets up the experimental test system. Electret-type acoustic sensor is selected as the shockwave signal measurement sensor, and the corresponding signal conditioning circuits are designed to realize the filtering, amplifying and shaping of the sensor output signal. Based on FPGA and
11、MSP430, time difference data extraction module, storage module and communication module are designed to realize the collection, calculation, storage and remote wireless transmission of shockwave signal. Besides, based on Lab View, the real-time control and display interface of the host computer are
12、designed. The experiment studies the consistency of shockwave signal measurement sensor and the influence of relevant parameters of filter circuit, amplifier circuit and shaping circuit on the positioning precision by using the error source experimental analysis platform. In the paper, the debugging
13、 method of the dual triangle horizontal acoustic positioning system is studied and the corresponding debugging device is designed. The high-frequency acoustic generator is designed to analyze the characteristics of sensor and system circuits. The analog coordinate signal generator is designed to sim
14、ulate the six-way time signal when the shockwave approaches, which is used to analyze and test the performance of the system except the sensor. The control method of verticality of the trajectory and the virtual test target surface is studied and the corresponding control devices are designed to red
15、uce the influence of the positioning error caused by the incorrect installation of the test target. The wind speed, incidence angle, and shockwave attenuation experiments are designed to verify the correctness of simulation analysis. Keywords: horizontal acoustic positioning, error source , error so
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- 卧式 定位 系统 误差 分析 装置 设计 陈旭光
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