Gulliver's-Travels.ppt

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1、Introduction Swifts greatest satire work,Gullivers Travels, is written in 1726, the book has not lost its significance to the present day and can be justly ranked among the best novel of world literature. Gullivers Travels serves as a biting satire, and Swift ensures that it is both humorous and cri

2、tical, constantly attacking British and European society through its descriptions of imaginary countries. Plot and Major Characters Written in the form of a travel journal, Gullivers Travels is the fictional account of four extraordinary voyages made by Lemuel Gulliver, a physician who signs on to s

3、erve as a ships surgeon when he is unable to provide his family with a sufficient income in London. Gulliver makes our deep-sea voyages, which are described in the four parts of the book. LilliputLaputaBrobdingnagHouyhnhnmsFirst voyage-Lilliput On the very first voyage, Gulliver is shipwrecked. Of a

4、ll the ships crew he alone survives. He swims to the shore of a strange land, inhabited by Lilliputians, the tallest of whom is six inches high. When bending my eyes downward as much as I could, I perceived a human not six inches high! The king of lilliputLittle by little he gets used to their life

5、and even takes part in the war with the neighbouring state of Blefuseu.Treason叛国罪Major themeslThe first voyage has been interpreted as an allegorical(讽喻的) satire of the political events of the early eighteenth century, a commentary on the moral state of England.lThe war with the tiny neighboring isl

6、and represents Englands rivalry（对抗） between Whigs and Tories.l1.cd1:22.50-25.40l how do they electl2. why theres a war between big-enders and small-endersl37.00-39.0l3. cruelty l40.00-42.00Second voyage-Brobdingnag Gulliver finally escapes Lilliput and returns briefly to England before a second voya

7、ge takes him to Brobdingnag. While on shore, Gulliver is captured by giants, each of whom is the size of a water-tower.A water-tower On the whole, the Brobdingnagians are good-natured creatures, and they treat Gulliver kindly, though they are amused by his tiny size and looked upon him as a playthin

8、g. Gulliver Compare with Lilliput, the Brobdingnagians have an enlightened monarch（开明的君主）. She often interrogates（询问） Gulliver on European affairs.Questions:lQ: These Ministers who run your country, how do they get to be Ministers? A: Well usually its a sum of money decides the issue.lQ: So how do t

9、hey gain the knowledge of their people they supposed to serve? A: They dont need much knowledge. Because they spend well most their time drinking and gambling.lQ: How can a kingdom spend more than it receives in taxes? A: Well, thats simple. We just borrow money from ourselves.lQ: Why are you always

10、 attacking people? A: Well, often we have to defend ourselves by attacking before were attacked.Questions: Gulliver abruptly departs Brobdingnag when a giant eagle flies off with him and drops him in the ocean. lCd1lMock the british governmentl01.08.20l01.09.05-01.12.18Third voyage-Laputa He soon em

11、barks on his third voyage to the flying island of Laputa Laputa is a mysterious land inhabited by scientists, magicians, and sorcerers（男巫） who engage in ridiculous experiment. The voyage to Laputa is a scathing（尖刻的） attack upon science in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and reveals Swifts co

12、ntempt and disdain for abstract theory and ideology（思想） that is not of practical service to human.Major themes The intellectuals of Laputa were far too busy having great thoughts to be burdenen with the chores of farming. So they just flying over lands, collecting Brain Taxes（人头税） from the villages

13、below. Then buckets would be lowered to be filled with food and drink and whatever else they want .Final voyage-Houyhnhnm Once again Gulliver returns to England before a final journey, to the land of the HouyhnhnmIn the country of HouyhnhnmHouyhnhnmHorseYahooIn Houyhnhnms language There is no evil,

14、no lie, no illness, no power, no war, no government, no law, no punishment and thousands of other things that exists in our society.Houyhnhnms are a superior race of intelligent horses.Anything bad is about YahoosYahoos, a vile(极坏的) and depraved（堕落的） race of ape-like creatures. Gulliver is eventuall

15、y exiled from Houyhnhnm society when the horses gently insist that Gulliver must return to live among his own kind. After this fourth and final voyage, he returns to England, where he has great difficulty adjusting to everyday life. All people everywhere remind him of the Yahoos. The final voyage reveals Swifts ultimate satiric objectmans inability to come to terms with his true nature. The Yahoos as a satiric representation of debased(品质恶劣的) humanity, while taking the Houyhnhnms as representatives of Swifts ideals of rationality and order. Major themeslCd 2l01.02.4001.06.06l01.08.2001.15.00