高考短文改错技巧.ppt

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1、How to correct a compositionHow to correct a composition英语高考英语高考(NMET)专题复习专题复习-短文改错短文改错考纲解读考纲解读：错误包括词法、句法、语篇结构、行文逻辑等，涉及名词、冠词、代词、介词、形容词、副词、连词、动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致等语法知识。在改错题当中，占相当大比例的主要是动词的形式变化、一般现在时第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词、现在分词及被动语态等。其他如名词单复数的变化、主谓一致、词语搭配等也会交替出现。命题规律：命题规律：201210121120121141100102401101112211011

2、21346425482006年全国2007年全国2008年全国2009年全国2010年全国合计动词名词连词形容词 副词代词冠词介词突破方法：突破方法：1.备考过程中，重视基本语法和词汇知识。2.做题时，以句子为单位，不要以行为单位。3.从语篇角度把握内容，查找行文逻辑错误。短文改错试题的设问特征：短文改错试题的设问特征：1.三个设问角度： 词法、句法和行文逻辑。2.多词、少词往往是虚词，如介词、冠词、助动词、不定式符号to。3.错词情况中，涉及动词、名词单复数、主谓一致、介、副词和冠词的误用、动词的时态和语态、动词用法辨析、非谓语动词的使用、形容词副词及其比较级、最高级的误用，各种复合句的连词

3、、句子结构的平衡等。Steps of doing proof-reading1. Go through the whole passage to get a general idea .(阅读全文，掌握大意）2. Read the passage sentence by sentence and find the mistakes.（分句阅读，逐句找错）3. Read the passage for the third time, check the answers and correct the difficult ones.（复读原文，验证答案，攻克难点）高考改错题的常见错误考查形式高考改

4、错题的常见错误考查形式:（一）词法考查（一）词法考查1、名词、名词 :（1）And I came to understand that knowledges could change my life. (2005辽宁) 有时也设置名词的词义辨析、名词固定短语和搭配错误。(1) My grandma was the best cooker in the world.(2004江苏)(2) They make their lives by collecting and selling used things.（2004广东）knowledgecookliving2、冠词、冠词（1）I hope y

5、ouve had pleasant journey. (2005全国卷III)（2）We have made a great progress. (2005福建)。对于冠词的固定用法的考查也会在高考中经常出现。（1）As we all left home at early age （2004天津）（2）My teacher advised me to keep my diary .（2003全国卷I）aana3、代词、代词前后代词指代不一致 （1）Some students may also save up for our college or future use. （2005全国卷I）反身

6、代词宾格的误用也是代词的主要考查形式，如：（1）I felt very pleased with me. (2005天津) 代词it的用法是经常考查的形式，要特别注意。如：（1）I thought that was dull to watch a game.（2005浙江）theirmyselfit在定语从句、名词性从句中关系代词的误用，如：（1）Henry Royce did not like his car, that ran badly and often broke down. （2005安徽）另外，代词还会考查及物动词后代词的误省、不定代词的误用、代词的主格与宾格混用等。（1）If

7、any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out .(2004天津) （2）It is us who are to blame for the poverty . （2004广东）.whichotherswe4、形容词、副词、形容词、副词 形容词、副词比较级、最高级及其程度状语的误用也是一种主要的考查形式。如：（1）We hope youll teach us a lot many songs in the future. （2005山东） (2) Both the diet

8、 and the exercise will help me to lose weight and feel more better.（2005广东）形容词和副词的语法作用误用。这是最多的考查形式。如：（1）It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.（2005福建）（2）She felt happily. （2004全国I卷）reallyhappymoremuch5、介词、介词 动词后的介词固定搭配误用是主要的考查形式。如：（1）Will you join in the tourist group organized by our

9、 school? （2005山东） 介词的辨析也是考查主要形式。如：（1）In a particular afternoon my mother brought the drink in. （2005天津）On高考中也常考查添加与省略(删除)介词。（1） the teacher allows to it.（2005重庆）6、连词、连词 考查了根据上下文及其逻辑意义判断连词的并列、转折关系。如：（1）Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play. （2005湖北）（2） a pleasant old man opened the d

10、oor but listened to my story carefully . （2005江西）考生也要注意根据前后文的选择、因果等其他关系确定使用适当的连词。如：（1）Unfortunately, I wont be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon.（04全国IV）butandbecause7、动词（时态、主谓一致、非谓语）、动词（时态、主谓一致、非谓语） 根据行文逻辑，考查动词前后文的时态是否一致。时态考查主要是一般过去时与一般现在时的混用。（ 1）I will write

11、again and send you the photos we take together. （2005全国III）（2）During the World Cup in 2002, my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport. （2005浙江） tookstayed动词还少量考查了主谓语在人称和数上是否一致以及主、被动语态的混用。如：（1）Having fun with their friends make them happy. （2005湖北）makes非谓语考查：（1）I am looking forward to see

12、 all of you again in the near future! （2005福建）（2）In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good. （2005湖北） (3) I knocked at the door and was delighting.（2005江西)seeingfeelingdelightedCollection 1 Mr.Yue is my history teacher. He is 1.81 meters in the height. He was born in November 4, 1

13、966. He graduated Beijing University in 1990. After graduation,He becomes a middle school teacher.He has been taught history for nearly 20 years. He is very successful like a teacher. He has been give a lot of honors. He not only is a good history teacher but also speak English and Japanese very wel

14、l. He has many hobbies. He likes reading books, collect stamps and listening to music. Also, Mr. Yue was a very kind-hearted man.SUMMARY做短文改错时要记住做短文改错时要记住“三歩三歩”，“四原则和四原则和“四不四不改改”四原则：四原则：1. 最小限度地改变单词形式最小限度地改变单词形式 .2. 添加或删除虚词添加或删除虚词(如冠词，介词等如冠词，介词等).3. 多改正，少添加或删除多改正，少添加或删除.4. 最大限度地保持句子和短文原意最大限度地保持句子和短文原意.四不改：四不改：1. 单词拼写不改单词拼写不改 .2. 大小写不改大小写不改 .3. 词序不改词序不改 .4. 标点符号不改标点符号不改 .Homework：短文改错专练四( B) (C)