2022年中考化学考前必背知识点总结 2.pdf

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1、of the situation, the cultivation of strategic thinking and historical thinking, dialectical thinki ng, creative thinki ng, the bottom line of thinking, a profound analysis of the new trend of the development and cha nge of international and domestic situation, facing opportunities and challenges, a

2、 nd constantly enhance the predictability. At the same time, to in-depth investigation and study, a profound understanding of the characteristics of current stage of Chinas development and in different places a nd different fields of specific performance, find Chinas development is facing the contra

3、dictions a nd problems, understand the expectations of the people, make our Decisions and work more in line with the actual more in line with the wishes of the peopl e. Adhere to the partys i deological line, we must insist on emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts and keeping pa ce with th

4、e times, pragmatic, the core of which is to seek truth from facts. This is on the thought course of the party spirit, the practical requirements of a highly generalization. Developme nt of practice is endless, understandi ng the truth is e ndless, th eory and practice innovation is endless. A dapt t

5、o the demands of the age development, with many new historical features in the great struggle, winning the completon of a comprehensive well-off society, there is an urgent nee d for us to greater courage and wisdom, and actively explore, bold experiment, study the new sit uation, summarize new expe

6、rie nce, continue to promote Theoretical innovation based on practice , scientific and te chnological innovation, cult ural innovation, system innovation and other aspects of innovation, with new ideas, ide as and initiatives, efforts to solve the economic construction, political construction, cultu

7、ral construction, social constructi on, ecol ogica l civilization construction and the construction of the party faces new probl ems, and constantly open up the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics development in the new situation. How to understand the cause of socialism with Chinese cha

8、racteristics, one of five overall cloth? the constitution w ill be the overall layout of the cause of socialism with Chine se characteristics determined for the economic constructi on, political construction, cultural construction, social construct ion, e col ogical civilization construction of one

9、of the five. Economic constructi on i s to the developme nt of the socialist market economy and politi cal construction i s to develop socialist democratic politics and culture construction is to devel op advanced socialist culture, social construction is to building a socialist harmonious society,

10、the construction of ecol ogical civilization i s to buil ding a socialist ecol ogical civilization. Partys eighteen years, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China according to the new requirements of the cha nges in the situation and tasks of development, made a four overall strategic

11、layout, and puts forward the innovation, coordination, green,thrift of excellenttraditional and style lack deep of understanding, one -sided t hink in now of good situation Xia, economic smooth more fast development, and reform made major progress, and peopl e living significantly improve, and socia

12、l the career made new progress, no necessary always hard has, no awareness to China also has many poverty area, and also has many poverty population of exists, more living improve has, more need keep hard of style. Three is not strictly honest. otal thought units is a water sector, clean self-discip

13、line away from himself too far, no real processing good living of improve and hard, and thrift excellent traditional of relationship, no effective do comply with Constitution and party of regulations must from I do up, no right mercy good bitter Le, and wealth of relationship, no right awareness to

14、in comply with Constitution and party of regulations aspects everyone has accountability. Four, fut ure direction and improvement measures 1, belief and faith, strengthe n party spirit. One is to firmly establish t he noble ideal s of struggle for the ideals of communism, communist struggle for life

15、, ready to sacrifice everything for the party and the people. Second is to continuously improve the quality and standard of political, conscientiously study Deng Xiaopi ng theory and three represents important thought a nd the scientific Outlook on developme nt, implement the partys basic program fo

16、r the primary stage of socialism, adhere to the corre ct political orientation, maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee, is good at theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics to analyze and solve problems. Third, strengthening the party spirit and the w orld transformation,

17、 perseverance of the party Constitution, relive Party vows t o establish correct worl d Outlook, Outlook on life and the world, pra ctically embodies ideals and beliefs into a ction, combine l ofty ideals and practi cal a ctivities, transforming the objective world, actively participate in the great

18、 practice of building socialism with Chi nese characteristics. 2, keep the purpose in concept, changing the style of work. First, keep in mind that the purpose of serving, a dhere t o assuming power for the people, keep in mind the people and care about people, and the joys and sorrows of the masses

19、, .According to city discipline, and municipal organization Department requirements, today we held implement implementation independent Commission against corruption guidelines effective strengthening led cadres style construction topic democratic life, main task is cl ose contact thought, and work

20、actual, control check district Standing Committee team and the personal in implementation independent Commission against corr uption guidelines Shang exists of problem, in-depth carried out criticism and self-critical, further clear rectification direction and measures, effective enhanced clean poli

21、ti cs of consciousness and i nitiative, firm set good of ruling image. Before the meeting, the way we take surveys soli cited a views, combed, related to team buildingopen , shari ng of new development concept. This is deepening of the understanding of our party to the laws of socialism with Chinese

22、 characteristics, is one of the five overall layout to further expand and specific. At the Fifth Plenary Session of the partys eighteen established innovation, coordination, green, open, shari ng of new developme nt concept, embodies the development idea of 45 and even longer period of time in our c

23、ountry, development direction, development focus is leading economic dev elopment new norm, to achieve the scientific guide of the coordinated devel opment of economy and society. We should firmly grasp the new development concept that the core meaning and practical requirements, in actively practic

24、e implement good one of five overall layout. T o focus on the implementation of innovation Drive new strategic. Adhere to innovation as the first motive force of leading the development of, as affecting the social and economic development, Niu Bizi, as response to the development of environmental ch

25、ange, enhance motive force of the development, seize the initiative in development, better lead the fundamental strategy of the new normal, to ensure the development based on innovation, through innovation and foster the devel opment of new energy, sha pe more play the first mover advantage of leadi

26、ng development. To advance planni ng, ahead of the deployment, closely around the economic competitiveness of the key, social development bottleneck, a significant challenge to national security, strengthening and developed global based research and general research on the key technology of, and com

27、prehe nsively improve the ability of independent innovation By the level of science a nd te chnology in innovation of science and technology has made a major breakthrough, and strive to achieve our country ran and ran and ra n to lead cha nge, effectively reversing the key core technol ogy controlle

28、d by others of the passive situation. T o speed up scientific a nd te chnological innovation achievements into pra ctical productive forces transformation, accelerate the construction of a new industrial system, do peopl e have me have, peopl e have my strong, I am strong advantages, and enha nce Ch

29、inas overall economic quality and international competitiveness. Efforts must be made to enhance the development of overall coordination. Adhere to the coordinated development of national development of a chess game winni ng tips, learn to play the piano, correctly deal with loca l and global, the c

30、urre nt and long-term, focus and non focus, from the current our country Exhibiti on in the unbalanced, uncoordinated, problems of sustaina ble growth, efforts to promote regional coordinated development, coor dinated development of urban a nd rural areas, coordinated development of material civiliz

31、ation and spiritual civ ilization, integration and devel opment of economic construction and national defense construction. E specially theimplementation of The Belt and Road construction, the Beijing Tianjinpr oje ct work, cadres, cadres selecti on and other aspects of a total of 19, further define

32、d the direction of rectification, enhancing the pertinence and effectiveness of democratic life. Good for this meeting, we requested the Standing Committee of the municipal party Committee, municipal Secretary General Tang Wenjin, the City Commission for disci pline inspe ction Standi ng Committee Y

33、ng Xu, Jiang Jixue, Deputy Director of the personnel office, and other leading comrades prese nt guidance allows us to warm applause for their welcome and thanks! Below, I first District Committee member of the 20XX team annual democratic meeting implementation of the corrective measures, as well as

34、 member of the team and of my own report guidelines for the implementation of the independent Commission against corruption statement invited leaders and comrades criticism. First, annual party on the 20XX team, Member of democratic life action plan implementation year 20XX, district democratic meet

35、ing a member of the team on study and practice the scientific Outlook on development theme, find a proje ct supporting strong enough, the industry well enough, urban construction management level needs to be improved, liveliho od im provement needs to be strengthened, distri ct team itself, such as

36、the five aspects. ear of 20XX, we find out the problems me ntioned above, base d on actual Shunqing construction and development, conscientiously sum up improvements, achieving signifcant development results and effectiveness of their work. (A) highlight the project handle, maintain high growth of i

37、nvestment. Adhere to the strategy as a Foundation, carrying out proje cts to promote increased stamina important. One is to increa se the intensity of projects towards. A ctively seek national and provincial poli cy support, superior special transfer payments, a variety of additional i ncome will to

38、p 700 million Yuan, a number of key infrastructure proje cts, livelihood projects, industrial projects into the cage. Second, increasing the project attracts. This year a total of 23 signed a major proje ct, of which 14 billi on proje ct, China Metallurgical group, vanke group, Guangdong hengda grou

39、p, Tai wan Ruentex group, on the RI group, Shenzhen Kaisa, jifeng agricult ural machinery, Mercede s-Benz, A udi 4S store a nd other large enterprises a nd projects have settled in S hunqing. Third, strengthen project construction. Annual implementation focus project 39 a, fixed assets investment to

40、tal will breakthrough 12 billion yuan, created district yilai history high, South door dam, and five in shop old city transformation, and Ying Chi na i ndustrial concentrated district constr uction, and city main road construction, and Northeast steam Trade Center, and modern farmers industry Park,

41、and vocational education city, and l ow rental, and also room construction, and features bl ocks build, and farmers market transformation, and rural version Street transformation, focus engineering speed up implementation, effectiveness obviously. Expe cted to be achieved this year, area-wide GDP 17

42、 billion 中考化学考前必背知识点总结物理变化无新物质生成。形状改变（玻璃破碎等）、状态改变（干冰升华、水结冰等）化学变化有新物质生成。【催化剂能改变化学反应速率，反应前后本身质量和化学性质不变】常伴的现象燃烧： C白光、 S蓝紫色火焰（氧气中） 、P白烟、 Fe火星四射、 Al 耀眼白光、Mg耀眼白光、 H2淡蓝色火焰、 CO蓝色火焰、 CH4蓝色火焰。都放热。气泡 在溶液中生成O2、H2、CO2 等气体；沉淀 CaCO3、Cu(OH)2 【蓝色】、 （AgCl 、 BaSO4） 【不溶于酸】 、Mg(OH)2 、 BaCO3；溶液变色 含 Cu2、 Fe2、 Fe3溶液的生成或消失；

43、石蕊、酚酞遇酸碱溶液物理性质色、态、味、熔点、沸点、硬度、密度、溶解性、挥发性、导电（热）性、延展性化学性质可燃性、助燃性、稳定性、活泼性、氧化性、还原性、酸性、碱性、毒性、腐蚀性、物质分类混合物（多物） 、纯净物（一物） 、单质（一元） 、化合物（多元） 、氧化物（二元必有氧）、酸（ H酸根离子） 、碱（金属离子 OH） 、盐（金属离子酸根离子）、有机化合物 （含碳）、无机化合物（不含碳以及部分含碳化合物如CO、CO2、 H2CO3、CaCO3、 ）质量守恒定律宏观：物质质量守恒【物质总质量不变】；元素质量守恒【元素质量不变】。微观：原子种类、原子个数、原子质量都不变。用途：根据 “ 定律

44、” 确定化学式微观 、物质质量宏观 ；化合价原则：单质中元素化合价为0。化合物中元素化合价的代数和为0。 【确定化合价】化学式的意义物质的元素组成、类别（有机、无机）；分子由哪些原子构成；简单计算 相对分子质量、分子中原子总个数、原子个数比、元素质量比、元素质量分数燃烧与灭火可燃物；氧气（空气）；温度达到着火点。 【同时满足：燃烧】缺一：灭火环境保护空气 煤、石油燃烧，工厂废气，汽车尾气排放的烟尘和有害气体（CO、SO2、NO2） ；水 工业 “ 三废 ” 任意排放，不合理使用农药、化肥；生活污水任意排放；温室效应 空气中 CO2 等气体含量过高；酸雨 SO2、NO2 气体溶于雨水； 。有害物

45、质一氧化碳（与血红蛋白结合）、甲醛（蛋白质变性） 、黄曲霉素、亚硝酸钠；汞。原子中核电荷数 =质子数 =核外电子数；相对原子质量=质子数中子数。酸性土壤用熟石灰氢氧化钙：Ca(OH)2改良。铁生锈铁氧气水。 【全满足：生锈】 缺一：防锈 干、净、油、漆、镀金属、合金硬水软水含钙、镁化合物的多少。区分：肥皂水，泡沫多是软水。硬水软化：煮沸（蒸馏）。溶解热现象浓硫酸、 生石灰、 氢氧化钠 （固体） 遇水放热 （温升）。硝酸铵 (NH4NO3) 遇水吸热 （温降）。去油污洗涤剂 乳化小液滴分散于水中。汽油 溶解。氢氧化钠 反应。 【原理不同】基本操作固体 块状用镊子，粉末用药匙。【用后擦净】液体 量

46、多：倾倒瓶塞倒放、标签向上、口紧挨、管倾斜；少量：胶头滴管（垂、悬）；极少量：玻璃棒沾取。托盘天平 调零、放纸 NaOH 用烧杯、左物右码。精确到0.1g量筒 放平、视线与液体凹液面最低处相平。【规格的选择】精确到0.1mL酒精灯 防失火酒精量2/3容积、点燃、熄灭方法、泼洒燃烧的处理。加热 直接加热：先预热。间接加热：垫石棉网。过滤 滤纸紧贴漏斗壁，滤纸边缘低于漏斗口，液面低于滤纸边缘，烧杯口靠玻璃棒，玻璃棒末端靠三层滤纸一边，漏斗下端管口靠烧杯内壁。白色污染：废弃塑料精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页of the

47、 situation, the cultivation of strategic thinking and historical thinking, dialectical thinki ng, creative thinki ng, the bottom line of thinking, a profound analysis of the new trend of the development and cha nge of international and domestic situation, facing opportunities and challenges, a nd co

48、nstantly enhance the predictability. At the same time, to in-depth investigation and study, a profound understanding of the characteristics of current stage of Chinas development and in different places a nd different fields of specific performance, find Chinas development is facing the contradictio

49、ns a nd problems, understand the expectations of the people, make our Decisions and work more in line with the actual more in line with the wishes of the peopl e. Adhere to the partys i deological line, we must insist on emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts and keeping pa ce with the time

50、s, pragmatic, the core of which is to seek truth from facts. This is on the thought course of the party spirit, the practical requirements of a highly generalization. Developme nt of practice is endless, understandi ng the truth is e ndless, th eory and practice innovation is endless. A dapt to the