建筑专业英语术语.doc

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1、#+英-汉部分A aAcceptance 验收Acceptance lot 验收批量Acceptance criterion 验收准则（标准）Acceptance report 验收报告Acceptance test 验收试验Access 通道/入口Access opening 检修孔/人孔Accident shutdown 事故停堆Action item 行动项Aerial cable 架空电缆/高空电缆Aerial lift/work 高空吊运/作业Aggregate 骨料Air content 含气率Air delivery pipe 排气管Air meter 量气计Air pump 气

2、泵Anchor 锚固/锚固件Anchor bolt 锚固/地脚螺栓Anchorage device 锚具/锚固设备Angle 角钢Annex building 附属厂房Annular girder 环形梁Arched dome 穹顶Architectural construction material 建筑材料Architectural design 建筑设计Architectural decoration 建筑装修As-built drawing 竣工图Assessment 评价/评定Audit 审计/监察Audit record 审计记录Authorized to proceed （ATP

3、） 开工令Auxiliary building 辅助厂房Award of bid 决标Axial line 轴线B bBackfill 回填Backup 备用Bar bender 钢筋弯曲机Bar cutter 钢筋切割机Bar splice 钢筋接头Bar splicing 钢筋搭接Bar-setter 钢筋工Barricade 护栏/围栏Basemat / Base slab 底板Batch plant 搅拌站Beam 大臂/梁Bearing capacity 承载能力Blasting 爆破Block brick 大型砌块Blowtorch 喷灯Bolt 螺栓Bottom head 底封头

4、Brace 支撑/剪力撑/角撑Brick 砖Bridge crane 行吊/桥式起重机Briefing 交底Butt welding 对接焊C cCable tray 电缆槽Cast-in-situ concrete structure 现浇混凝土结构Cement 水泥Cement mortar 水泥砂浆Cesspool 化粪池Civil construction 土木建筑Civil works 土建工程Coarse sand 粗砂Coating 涂层Code 代码/规范Coil 线圈/盘圆Cold-rolled steel 冷轧钢Cold joint 冷缝concealed work隐蔽工程

5、Concrete 混凝土Concrete placement 混凝土浇筑Concreting 混凝土浇筑Conductor 导体/导线Conduit 管道Containment 安全壳Construction joint 施工缝Construction scheme 施工方案Contract 合同Contractor 承包商Control 控制/调节Control damper/valve 控制阀Conventional island(CI) 常规岛Cooling tower 冷却塔Corrective action 纠正措施Contingency plan 紧急预案Cover plate 盖

6、板Conveyor belt 传送带Critical path 关键线路Cross beam 横梁CWS 循环水Cure 养护Cushion block 垫块Chute 滑槽Clarify 澄清D dDado 墙裙Dead load 静荷载Deformation 变形Deformed bar 变形钢筋/螺纹钢Dental concrete 填平找齐Design change 设计变更Design specification 设计要求Detail design 详细设计Dewater 抽水Developed view 展开图Development length 锚固长度Distribution

7、box 配电箱Displacement 位移Dowel 定位销/轴销Dowel bar 插筋Drainage 排水Drainage ditch/trench 排水沟Drawing 图纸Dumper 翻斗车E eEffective length 有效长度Effective span 有效跨度Electrical arc welding 电弧焊Electrical conductor 电导体Elevation 标高/立面Elevator 电梯/升降机Elevator pit 电梯井Elongation 伸长率Embedded part 预埋件Erection 安装Excavator 挖掘机Exca

8、vation 负挖Execution 执行Expansion joint 伸缩缝External interface 外部接口F fFair-faced concrete清水混凝土Feed water pump 给水泵Fence 围栏Foreman 工长Fillet weld 角焊(缝)Fire protection 消防（措施）Flammable material 易燃的材料Flashing 闪蒸/遮雨板/防水板Flitch 木方Floor-area ratio 容积率Floor drain 地漏Foot 英尺Formwork 模板Foundation 地基/基础Foundation bea

9、m 基础梁Frame 框架Flange plate 翼缘板G gGalvanizing 镀锌Gantry 龙门架Gantry crane 龙门起重机Generator 发电机Girder 主梁Grade rod 坡度尺Grader 平土机/推土机Grit/ shot blast 喷砂处理Grounding 接地Grout 水泥浆Gutter 水槽H hHandrail 扶手Hanger 吊架Hard hat 安全帽Health, safety & environment （HSE） 职业健康、安全与环境Heat treatment 热处理Heavy haul road 重型道路Heavy cr

10、ane 大吊车Hold point 停工待检点/检查点Hoop 箍筋Hook 吊钩Housekeeping 文明施工Hot work 动火作业Hydraulic boom 压力泵I iIdentification 识别/鉴定Illumination 照明Impurity 杂质Inch 英寸Inlet 进水口Input/output 输入/输出Inspection 检查Installation 安装Instruction 说明书/细则Insulation 保温/绝缘Interface 接口Item 物项Isolation joint 隔离缝J jJib crane 悬臂式起重机Job hazar

11、d analysis（JHA） 工作危险因素分析Job safety analysis（JSA） 工作安全因素分析Joint design 接缝尺寸Joint detail 节点图Jump form 爬升模板K kKey 键，销Key plan 平面布置总图Kick-off meeting 开工会议Knee brace 隅掌/膝形拉条L lLabel 标签Labor cost 人工费Ladder 爬梯Landslip 滑坡Landing plate 就位板Lap welding 搭接焊Layout drawing 布置图Leak 泄漏Leak chase pipe 泄露槽管道Life test

12、 寿命试验Lift slab 顶升楼板Lifting lug 吊环Lintel 过梁Load-bearing wall 承重墙Loading 装料，加载Longitudinal seam 纵（焊）缝Longitudinal section 纵剖面Longitudinal bar 纵向钢筋Loop 环路/回路Low alloy steel 低合金钢Lower mudmat 下垫层Lubricant 润滑剂M mMain beam 主梁Main axis / Major axis 主轴/长轴Man hole 人孔/检查孔Manpower 人力Manual welding 手工焊Manufactur

13、er 制造商Masonry 砌体/砌筑Masonry-concrete structure 砖混结构masonry-timber structure 砖木结构Mass concrete / massive concrete 大体积混凝土Mast section 标准节（塔吊）Mechanical property 机械性能Mechanical strength 机械强度Membrane 薄膜Milestone 里程碑Miscellaneous steel 零星钢Micro pile 微型桩Mobilization order 动员令Mock-up training 模拟培训Model 模型Mo

14、nitor 监控Mortar 砂浆Mudmat 垫层upper mudmat 上垫层lower mudmat 下垫层N nNational standard 国家标准Near-miss incident 未遂事件Net height 净高Net span 净跨度Net watercement ratio 净水灰比Nipple 外丝接头/丝头/螺纹接头NNSA 核安全局Nominal power 额定功率Non-shrinking steel 抗变形钢Non-uniform cross section beam 变截面粱Nondestructive testing/examination（NDE

15、）无损检测/测试Non-conformance report(NCR) 不符合项报告Non-safety related 非核安全相关Normal condition 正常条件/正常状态Normal concrete 普通混凝土Notice of award（NCA） 决标通知Nuclear power plant（NPP） 核电厂Nuclear safety inspection 核安全检查O oOffice building 办公楼Onsite 厂内Open flame 明火Open item 开口项Open wire 明配线Open trench 明沟Operating conditio

16、n 运行工况Operating platform 操作平台Outlet 出水口Outline size/dimension 外形尺寸Outline drawing 外形图Outside diameter 外径Overlap 重叠/搭接/焊瘤（焊接）Overload 超载Owner 业主P pPadding plate 垫板Partition plate 隔板Partition wall 隔墙Penetration 贯穿件Personal protective equipment （PPE） 个人防护设备Piping 管道系统Pit liner 基坑衬板Place/pour 浇注（混凝土）Pla

17、in （round） bars 普通圆钢Plan 平面图Plant 电厂Position 位置Positioner 定位器/胎具Pre-cast concrete 预制混凝土Pre-job briefing 班前交底Preliminary placement (混凝土)预浇筑Initial setting time 初凝时间Processing 加工Procurement 采购Project cost 工程造价Project execution plan 项目执行大纲Project management 项目管理Project manager 项目经理Pump truck 泵车Purchase

18、 order 订购单Q qQuality assurance （QA） 质量保证Quality assurance program 质保大纲Quality inspection 质量检查Quality certificate 质量证书Quality control （QC） 质量控制Quantity 工程量R rRaceway 电缆通道Rated capacity 额定功率/额定容量Ratio of reinforcement 配筋率Reactor 反应堆Recovery 复工Refuel换料Refueling machine 换料机Reinforced concrete structure

19、钢筋混凝土结构Rubble concrete 毛石混凝土Reinforcement 钢筋/余高、补强（焊接）Release agent 脱模剂/隔离剂Reliability 可靠性Report point 报告点Response time 响应时间Retention period 保存期Review comment 评审意见Revision 修订版Rework 返工Rigging 索具Rivet 铆钉Rock 岩石Rock wool 岩棉Rolled shape轧制型钢Rotate 旋转Round bar 圆钢Round wire 圆钢丝Routine inspection 常规检查S sSa

20、fekeeping 安全保卫Safety class 安全等级Safety lighting 安全照明Safety net/mesh 安全网Safety-related component 核安全相关设备Safety valve 安全阀Safety warning sign 安全警示牌Sampler 取样器Sand blasting 喷砂处理Scaffolder 架子工Scraper 刮刀Screed 灰饼（用于测量定位的混凝土）Screw 螺丝Sealant 密封剂Secondary beam 次粱Sectional view 剖面图Seismic classification 抗震分级Se

21、tting out 放线Setting out operator 放线工Settlement 沉降Segregation 离析Shear force 剪切力Shear reinforcement 抗剪钢筋Shear stud 剪力钉Sheet steel 薄钢板Shield building 屏蔽厂房Shock load 冲击载荷Shock test 冲击试验Shotcrete 喷混Shut down 停堆Slab 板Sleeper timber 枕木Sleeve 套筒Slope area 边坡Slump 坍落度Snug washer 平垫圈Spacing of bars 钢筋间距Span 跨

22、距Spare parts 备品/备件Spent fuel 乏燃料Spot/Tack welding 点焊Stainless steel 不锈钢Stairway 楼梯Staking out 放样Standing water 积水Start up 启动Static pressure 静压力Starter grout 润管砂浆Strand 钢绞线Straw matting 草帘Stay-in-place form 免拆模板Steel plate 钢板Steel section 型钢Steel strip 钢带Steel wire 钢丝Step length 步距/步长Stiffness 刚度Stir

23、rup 箍筋Stop bar 挡板Stop-work order 停工令Storage 储存/仓库Stress 应力Structural steel 钢结构Stud 柱头螺栓Subcontractor 分包商Sump 集水坑Support point 支撑点Supporting plate 支承板Survey 测量Surveyor 测量工Suspended ceilings 吊顶（棚）Suspension frame 悬挂架Switchboard(distribution) 配电盘Spread beam 平衡梁T tTemporary construction facility 生产临建 （T

24、CF）Telescopic tube 伸缩套管Tendon 钢筋束Tensile strength 抗拉强度Tension ring 拉力测力计Tension test 拉伸测试Thickness meter 厚度计/测厚仪Thinner 稀释剂Through tie 对拉螺杆Tie bar 拉结钢筋Tire-off 挂扣Tower crane 塔吊Transfer canal 运输通道Truck crane 汽吊Truss 桁架Turbine building 汽轮机厂房Turnover 移交U uUltrasonic examination 超声检验Undercut 咬边（焊接）Under

25、ground trench 地下管沟Uniform cross-section beam等截面粱Unusual service condition 异常工作条件U-tube U型管Upper head 上封头V vVacuum pump 真空泵Valve 阀门Variance 变更Varnish 清漆Vent pipe 通风管Vertical pipe 立管Vibrating spear 振动棒Vibration frequencies 振动频率Visual inspection(or examination) 目视检查W wWalkway 走道Wall beam 墙梁Warning sign

26、 警示标牌Warranty period 担保期/保用期Washer 垫圈Water truck 洒水车Sewage flow 污水量Watercement ratio 水灰比Waterproofing material 防水材料Waterstop 止水带Web plate 腹板Weld 焊接Weld crack 焊接裂缝Weld defects 焊接缺陷Weldability 可焊性Welder qualification 焊工资格评定Welding flux 焊剂Welding rod 焊条Welding wire 焊丝Welding sequence 焊接顺序Weld joint 焊缝W

27、ire mesh 钢丝网Wire reinforcement 钢丝配筋Wire rope 钢缆/钢索Witness point 见证点Woodworker 木工Workload 工作负荷Work order 工作指令Work-related injury 工伤Work schedule 工作进度表Work shed 工棚Workshop 车间/研讨会Work site 工作现场Workability 和易性（混凝土）X xX-brace 剪力撑X-ray identification X射线鉴定Y yYard area 场区Yield strength 屈服强度Yield point 屈服点Y

28、ield test 屈服试验Z zZ-bar Z形钢Zinc dust 锌粉汉英部分A a安装 installation/erection安全带 safety harness/safety belt安全帽 hard hat/ helmet安全壳 containment安全等级 safety class安全网 safety mat/net安全鞋 safety shoesB b布置图 layout drawing标高 elevation泵车 pump truck泵管 pump pipe边坡 slope area不锈钢 stainless steel不符合项 nonconformance爆破 bla

29、stingC c承包商 contractor插筋 dowel bar常规岛（CI） conventional island承包商 contractor采购 procurement/purchase测量 survey测量工 surveyor初凝 initial setting仓库 storage/ warehouse抽水 dewatering冲毛 green cuttingD d打磨 Grind电气 electrical搭接焊 lap welding搭接长度 overlapping length大体积混凝土 mass concrete / massive concrete第一罐混凝土浇注 Fir

30、st Concrete Date(FCD)地漏 floor drain电弧焊 electrical arc welding垫层 mudmat底板 basemat地基 foundation/base垫板 backing plate订购单 purchase order地下管沟 underground trench大吊车 heavy crane电厂 plantE e二次搬运 double handing二次浇注 second pour二次振捣 secondary vibrationF f附属厂房 annex building辅助厂房 auxiliary building负挖 excavation反应

31、堆 reactor building返工 rework分包商 subcontractor防水材料 waterproofing material放热焊 cadweld非核安全相关的 non-safety related放线 setting out防护眼镜 goggles防雷接地材料 grounding and lightning materialsG g钢筋下料 bending and cutting赶工 recovery给水泵 feed water pump箍筋 hoop/stirrup箍筋率 stirrup ratio个人防护设备（PPE） personal protective equip

32、ment工程造价 project cost钢筋混凝土结构 reinforced concrete structure钢筋支架 rebar support钢板 steel plate钢盖板/压型钢板 metal deck钢结构 structural steel钢丝网 wire mesh钢筋 reinforcement/rebar/bar关键控制点 key control point供应商 supplier/vendor公差 toleranceH h混凝土 concrete核岛(NI) Nuclear Island合同 contract核电站（NPP） nuclear power plant(混凝

33、土)预浇 pre-placement会签单 approval page焊接 weld焊缝 weld joint焊条 welding rod核安全相关的 safety related回填 backfillJ j机械设备 mechanical equipment基础 foundation基坑 foundation pit基准 bench mark积水 standing water计算高度 calculated height计算误差 calculation error技术规格书 specification给水 water supply净高 net height角焊 fillet weld接地 gro

34、unding接口 interface搅拌站 batch plant竣工图 as-built drawing决标 award of bid浇筑令 pour card剪力撑 cross bracing/X-brace监控 monitor脚手架 scaffold进度计划 schedule检查 inspection见证点 witness pointK k开工令 authorized to proceed抗剪钢筋 shear reinforcement抗拉强度 tensile strength抗压强度 compression strength抗震设计 seismic design控制点 hold poi

35、nt控制缝 control joint孔洞 pores框架结构 frame structure扣件 couplerL l拉撑 tension brace拉杆 tie rod拉力 tensile force拉条 brace拉力试验 tensile test拉毛 broom-finishing蓝图规划 blueprint planning冷焊 cold weld冷拉钢筋 cold-drawn rebar冷弯 cold bending梁 beam连接 connection联系钢筋 bracing reinforcement连续施工 continuous construction裂缝 crack临界弯

36、矩 critical bending moment龙门吊 gantry crane楼梯 stair楼面 floor螺栓 bolt螺栓锚件 bolt anchor螺纹钢筋 thread rebar里程碑 milestone零星钢 miscellaneous steelM m麻面 pockmark锚固件 anchor锚固螺栓 anchor bolt毛石混凝土 rubble concrete明沟 open trench木工 woodworker模块 module抹灰 plastering免拆模板stay-in-place formwork (SIP)N n耐火极限 refractory limit耐

37、火门 fireproof door挠度 bending deflection鸟瞰图 birds-eye view牛腿 Bracket凝结时间 setting time女儿墙 parapet wallO o偶然荷载 accidental load耦合应力 coupling stressP p排水 drainage/drain排水沟 drainage ditch/trench配电箱 distribution box配筋 reinforcing bar配筋率 reinforcement ratio配合比 mix proportion/ratio/design配重 counter weight平面布置

38、图 layout plan喷砂处理 sand blasting喷混 shotcrete屏蔽厂房 shield building培训 training/orientation坡口焊 groove welding剖面图 sectional drawing普通混凝土 common concreteQ q汽车吊 mobile crane汽轮机厂房 turbine building砌体 masonry砌块 block强度计算 strength calculation穹顶 dome屈服荷载 yield load屈服面 yield surfaceR r热处理 heat treatment人力动员 manpo

39、wer mobilization人工清理 hand cleaning人孔 manhole热轧 hot-rolled容许荷载 allowable loadS s设备 equipment洒水车 water truck砂浆 mortar设计坐标 design coordinate伸缩缝 expansion joint施工缝 construction joint施工详图 construction details施工方案 construction scheme施工程序 construction procedure施工单位 construction unit水灰比 watercement ratio水泥

40、cement水泥浆 grout水平尺 level bar水平加劲肋 horizontal stiffener水平角 horizontal angle水平距离 horizontal distance手工焊 manual welding说明（书） instructions上垫层 upper mudmat索赔 claim施工令 work order试块 cylinder/ test block生产临建 temporary construction facilities塑料管/钢管 plastic pipe / steel pipe试验 testT t踏步板 tread填平找齐 dental conc

41、rete涂层 coating塌落 landsilde坍落度 slump停工令 stop-work order塔吊 tower crane通风管 vent pipe套筒 sleeveW w挖掘机 excavator外脚手架 exterior scaffolding外墙 external wall弯曲钢筋 bend bar围栏 fence/ barricade位移 displacement委托书 entrusted letter温度 temperature屋顶 roof屋面 roofing屋檐泛水 eaves flashing无损检测nondestructive examination误差 err

42、orX x系杆 bracing/tie bar细骨料 fine aggregate下垫层 lower mudmat修订版 revision先决条件 pre-condition/prerequisite现场 onsite/field现场浇注混凝土 poured-in-place concrete现场预制 site prefabrication详图 detail drawing项目经理 project manager项目风险 construction project risk消防车 fire vehicle消防栓 hydrant雪荷载 snow load循环水 circulating water/flowY y压型钢板 profiled steel sheet/metal deck验收 acceptance岩石 rock养护 cure业主 owner雨季施工 constru