自动门的外文文献及其翻译.doc

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1、-/毕业论文外文文献与翻译（一）Automaticdooranditscontrolsystemintroduction Author：GeneF.Franklin Unit:PrincetonUniversity 755CollegeRoadEast, Princeton,NJ08540Productofhumancivilization,automaticdoorshavebeendozensofyearsofdevelopment,sofar,throughtheapplicationofPLCcontrolsystemandothertechnologyproducts,already

2、haveanditscontroltechnology,formedthelargescaleautomaticdoorofthefamily.Andaccordingtodifferentrequirements,formulatedaseriesofstandards.PeoplesRepublicofChinainthe2005-12-01standardofChinaautomaticdoornumber,standardcontentmainlyinclude:rulesforbuildingtheclassificationofthevariouskindsofautomaticd

3、oor,specifications,codes,materials,requirements,testmethods,inspectionrulesandsigns,packaging,transportandstorage.Thisstandardappliestopush-pullautomaticdoorautomaticdoors(arc),foldtheflatopenautomaticdoors,automaticdoors,revolvingdoors.Youmayrefertootherautomaticdoor.Havespecialrequirementsofautoma

4、ticdoors,stillshouldseeitsrelatedstandards.Doorandhumancivilizationisatwin,itisaccompaniedbythedevelopmentofhumancivilizationandchatter.Forthousandsofyears,thedoorhasbeenasthepatronsaintofthehumansocietyactivities,intruderintheroom,andasachannelofhumansocialactivities,carryingthedoorandcivilization,

5、pursuingpeopletoyearnforthegloryoftheothershore.Humandesireisendlesstocivilization.FromancientEgypttoRomantotodaysmodernsociety,canseethedoormove.Past,passiveisolationbarrierfunctionofthedooris,andthechannelroleistoensurethatonlytraffic.Todayinthe21stcentury,thedoorevenmorehighlightedsafetyconcept,e

6、mphasizestheeffectiveness:effectivelyprevent,passage,evacuation,andalsohighlightstheconceptofarchitecturalart,doorandbuildingandthesurroundingenvironmentcoordination,theharmoniouswhole.DooradvancedformsofautomaticdoororiginatedinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,inAugust1802,theGermanstandardcompanysuccessfu

7、llydesignedanddevelopedtheworldsfirstsensingautomaticdoors,doorlarge-scalespecializedproductionbeganinthe150yearsago,intheprocessofconstantdevelopmentandperfection,emergedalargenumberofscaleofprofessionalmanufacturers.Rapiddevelopmenttotoday,hasformedacompletekinds,functionperfect,workmanshipfineaut

8、omaticdoorofthefamily.Chinaasearlyasmorethanadecadeagobegantorefertotheautomaticdoors,andapplyitinthehotel,airport,shoppingcenters,Banks,officebuildingsandotherlargeandmedium-sizedpublicplaces,forthesebuildingsaddedbrightbeautiful,chic,colorful.Automaticdooraccordingtothedifferentusefunctionandcanbe

9、dividedintoautomaticslidingdoor,automaticdoor,automaticrevolvingdoor,automaticarcdoor,automaticfoldingdoor,etc.,includingflatdoorwithfeweroccasions,revolvingdoorduetotheexpensiveandverybig,onlycommonlyusedinhigh-gradehotels,inneedautomaticslidingdoorismostwidelyused,peoplegenerallysayautomaticdoor,a

10、utomaticinductiondoorisslidingdoor.Automaticslidingdooristhemostcommonformofautomaticdoormachineaddradaronbothinnersideandoutsideofthedoor,automaticdoorwhenthemancamenear,theradarbyemittingmicrowaveinductiontomansexistence,openthedoortothecontrollerasignal,thecontrollerthroughthedrivetoopenthedoor.W

11、henthemanbythedoor,andthenclosedthedoor.Anotherformofinfraredsensor,mainlythroughtheinfraredtofeelthetemperaturechangeswithinthespecifiedrange,whenpeoplewalkinto,microwaveinductiontheemissionsignalcontrolchangesinthedoor.Microwavesensorsandinfraredsensorsdifferenceismainly:microwavesensor,alsoknowna

12、smicrowaveradar,reactiontothemovementoftheobject,andreactionspeed,suitableforwalkingspeednormalpersonnelthroughtheplace,itscharacteristicisthatoncethedoornearthestaffdontwanttogooutandmotionless,radarwillnolongerresponse,automaticdoorwillbeclosed,likelyclampingphenomenon.Infraredsensors,existinrespo

13、nsetotheobject,regardlessofwhetherornotmobilestaff,aslongasinsensorscanningrange,itwillrespond.Reactionspeedisslowerthanthemicrowavesensorofinfraredsensors.Accordingtodifferentrequirementsofsome,somemanufacturersintheproductionofautomaticdoorscanincreasesomepersonalfunction,facilitatethemanagementan

14、dmaintenance.Suchasfuzhoublueelectronicco.,LTD.,automaticdoor,ithasthefollowingcharacteristics:1,automaticdoorsensorsreacttothemovementofobjectsinmicrowave,sensitivityisadjustable,stableperformance!2,automaticencryptiongathermulti-functionremotecontrolintoanorganicwhole,theinductiondoorforencryption

15、,canavoidtheprojectappearsonthewelsh,baddebts,etc.Phenomenon,thuseffectivelyprotecttheinterestsofdealers,atthesametime,canrealizetheremotecontroltoopenthedoor,alwaysopen,lock,unlock;Hasconnectedtothecardreader,fingerprint,homebutton,peripheraldevices,suchaselectriclockfunctions.3,safetylightcaneffec

16、tivelyovercometheblindareaofinductiveprobesensorislessthan,sothattheinductiondoorsafer.4,self-helpbankcardslotmachineoveralldesign,ABSelectroplatingshelldurableandconvenienttoinstall,canmatchanybankATMcard,nocardcapacitylimits,importedalloyhead,superwear-resistanthighsensitivity,high(400)orlowresist

17、ance(300)Oefilecanbeused;Issuitablefortheself-servicebank.Microwavemodule5,automaticdoor,kickingmedallion,IDcardpassword,remotetransceivermodule,electriccaralarm,telescopicdoors,electronicdisplayscreen,motorcyclealarm.PLC(ProgrammableController,hereinafterreferredtoasPLC).PLCisintheorderofthetraditi

18、onalcontrollerisintroducedonthebasisofmicroelectronicstechnology,computertechnology,automaticcontroltechnologyandcommunicationtechnologytoformanewgenerationofindustrialcontroldevice,thepurposeistoreplacerelay,executethesequencecontrolfunctionsuchaslogic,timing,counting,establishflexibleSPCsystem.Pro

19、grammablecontrollerhasthestrongability,highreliability,flexibleconfiguration,simpleprogramming,etc,isamajormeansofcontemporaryindustrialproductionautomationandautomationcontrolequipment.DuetotheadvantagesofPLCinautomaticcontrol,thusiswidelyquotedintheautomaticdoorsystem.DuetothePLCinthedevelopment,t

20、herefore,fortheexactdefinitionismoredifficult.Americanelectricalmanufacturersassociation(NEMA)afterfouryearsofresearchwork,in1980,officiallynamedProgrammableControllerPC(ProgrammableController),butaPersonalComputerPC(PersonalComputer)inordertodistinguish,oftenreferredtoasPLCProgrammableController,an

21、dmakesadefinitionforPLC,ProgrammableControllerisakindofwithinstructionmemoryanddigitaloranaloginput/outputinterface,withanoperationisgivenpriorityto,canfinishthelogic,sequence,timing,countingandarithmetic,andotherfunctions,isusedtocontrolthemachineortheproductionprocessautomationcontroldevice.In1985

22、aseconddraft,andin1987thethirddraftofPLCinthefollowingdefinition:aPLCisadigitaloperationoftheelectronicsystem,designedforindustrialenvironmentapplicationanddesign.ItUSESaprogrammemory,usedinitsinternalstorageimplementationlogicoperation,sequenceoperation,timing,countingandarithmeticoperationinstruct

23、ion,andcanthroughdigitaloranaloginputandoutput,controlvarioustypesofmachineryorproductionprocess.Programmablecontrollerandrelatedperipheralequipment,shouldbeinaccordancewiththeeasilyandindustrialcontrolsystemasawhole,easytoexpanditsfunctiondesignprinciples.AboveshowsthatthedefinitionofPLCisakindofca

24、nbedirectlyappliedtotheindustrialenvironmentofthedigitalelectronicdevices,isbasedonmicroprocessor,combinedwithcomputertechnology,automaticcontroltechnologyandcommunicationtechnology,inprocesscontrolandtheusersnaturallanguageprogrammingofasimple,convenientoperation,highreliabilityofanewgenerationofge

25、neralindustrialcontroldevice.2.ThemainfunctionsofthePLC(1)theswitchcontrollogicandorderThisisthemostwidelyPLCapplication,thebasicsituation.Itsmainfunctionistocompleteswitchlogicandsequentiallogiccontrol,andthuscanrealizevariouscontrolrequirements.(2)thesimulationcontrol(A/DandD/Acontrol)Manycontinuo

26、usvariationintheprocessofindustrialproduction,theneedtocontrolthephysicalquantities,suchastemperature,pressure,flow,level,etc.,theseallbelongtoanalog.Longerthaninthepast,thePLClogiccontrol,analogcontrolmainlybyinstrumentordistributedcontrolsystem,PLCproductspossessmuchnowdealingwiththiskindofanalogf

27、unctions,andprogrammingandeasytouse.(3)thetiming/countingcontrolPLChasastrongtimingandcountingfunctions,itcanprovideuserswithdozensorevenhundredsoftimersandcounters.Forthetimer,timerintervalcanbesetbytheuser;Tocounter,ifneedtocountofhighfrequencysignal,canchoosehighspeedcounter.(4)thesteppercontrolP

28、LCprovidesuserswithacertainnumberofshiftregister,useshiftregistercaneasilyfinishsteppingcontrolfunction.(5)motioncontrolInthemechanicalprocessingindustry,programmablecontrollerandthecomputernumericalcontrol(CNC)integratedtogether,tocompletemachinetoolmotioncontrol.(6)dataprocessingMostPLChasadiffere

29、ntdegreeofthedataprocessingability,itnotonlycanperformarithmeticoperations,datatransmission,butalsofordatacomparison,dataconversion,datashowstheprintoperation,alsocanundertakesomePLCfloatingpointarithmetic,andfunctionaloperation.(7)communicationnetworkPLChasthefunctionofcommunicationnetwork,itmakesP

30、LCandbetweenPLCanduppercomputer,PLCandotherintelligencetoexchangeinformationbetweendevices,formaunifiedwhole,realizethecentralizedcontrol.PLCcansorapiddevelopment,inadditiontotheobjectivedemandoftheindustrialautomation,hasmanyuniqueadvantages.Itwellsolvedinthefieldofindustrialcontrolwidelyconcernabo

31、utthereliable,safe,flexible,convenient,economicandotherissues.Itsmainfeaturesareasfollows:(1)highreliabilityReliabilityreferstotheaveragetrouble-freeworkingtimeprogrammablecontroller.Duetotheprogrammablecontrollerhasadoptedaseriesofhardwareandsoftwareanti-interferencemeasures,stronganti-interference

32、ability,MTBFreachingtensofthousandsofhours,canbedirectlyappliedtoindustrialproductionfieldhaveastronginterference.Programmablecontrolleristhemassesofusersrecognizedtobeoneofthemostreliableindustrialcontrolequipment.(2)controlfunctionisstrongAsmallprogrammablecontrollerwithhundredsofthousandsofprogra

33、mmingelementsavailableforuserstouse,canachieveverycomplicatedcontrolfunction.Comparedwiththesamefunctionofrelaysystem,ithastheveryhighcostperformance.Programmablecontrollercanbethroughthecommunicationnetwork,realizesthedecentralizedcontrolandcentralizedmanagement.(3)theusereasytouseProgrammablecontr

34、ollerproductshavebeenstandardization,seriation,modularization,equippedwithawiderangeofvarioushardwaredevicesforuserselection,userscanconvenientlyflexiblesystemconfiguration,systemcomposedofdifferentfunctions,differentscale.Programmablecontrollerwouldbeveryconvenientfortheinstallationofwiring,strongl

35、oadcapacity,candirectdrivegeneralsolenoidvalveandaccontactor.Thehardwareconfigurationisdetermined,youcanchangetheuserprogram,convenienttoquicklyadapttochangesinprocessconditions.(4)programmingconvenient,simpleLadderdiagramisaprogrammablecontrolleristhemostusedprogramminglanguage,thesymbol,expression

36、wayandtherelaycircuitprinciplediagramissimilar.Ladderdiagramlanguage,image,intuitive,simple,easytolearn,familiarwiththerelaycircuitdiagramoftheelectricaltechnicianjustspendafewdaystimecanbefamiliarwithladderdiagramlanguage,andusedtopreparetheuserprogram.(5)thedesign,installation,commissioningperiodi

37、sshortProgrammablecontrolforsoftwarefunctionreplacedtherelaycontrolsystemofalargenumberofintermediaterelays,timerelays,counters,etc.,makethecontrolcabinetdesign,installation,wiringgreatlyreducetheworkload,shortentheconstructionperiod.Programmablecontrolleroftheuserprogramcanbesimulatedinthelaborator

38、ydebugging,simulationdebugagainaftergoodwillintheproductionsiteforinstallationandwiringofPLCcontrolsystem,atthesceneofproblemsfoundinthetrackingprocessbymodifyingtheprogramcansolve,greatlyshortenthedesigncycleandwasputintooperation.(6)easytorealizemechanicalandelectricalintegrationProgrammablecontro

39、llerissmallinsize,lightweight,lowpowerconsumption,vibrationresistant,moistureproofandheatresistantcapabilityisstrong,makingthemeasytoinstallinsidethemachineequipment,producemechanicalandelectricalintegrationproducts.NowwithPLCasthecontrollerofCNCequipmentanddevicehasbecomeatypicalrobot.自动门及其控制系统介绍 作

40、者：吉恩F.富兰克林 单位：普林斯顿大学 地址：新泽西州普林斯顿学院东路 755号邮编08540作为人类文明的产物，自动门已经发展了几十年，到目前为止，通过PLC控制系统和其他技术产品的应用，再加上其控制技术的成熟，自动门控制系统已经成型。根据不同的要求，人们也制定了一系列标准。在中国人民共和国中国自动门(2005-12-01)标准中，写明自动门标准的内容主要包括：建筑物的自动门的分类规则包括程序，材料，要求，试验方法，检验规则和标志，包装，运输和储存。本标准适用于推拉自动门自动门（弧），折平开自动门，自动门，旋转门，以及他自动门。对于自动门的特殊要求，还应看其相关标准。门和人类文明是息息相关

41、的，它伴随着人类文明的发展。数千年来，门一直作为人类社会活动的守护神，阻止房间的入侵者，并作为人类社会活动的通道，门承载着人类文明。人的欲望创造着文明。从古埃及的罗马到今天的现代社会中，可以看到门变化。过去，门起着隔离屏障，和通道的作用。在二十一世纪的今天，门更加突出了安全理念，也强调了有效性。包括通道，疏散，也涉及了建筑艺术的概念，门和建筑与周边环境应该是协调和谐的整体。自动门起源于欧洲和美国，在1802年8月，德标公司成功设计并开发出了世界上第一个感应自动门，自动门大规模专业化生产始于150年前，在不断发展和完善的过程中，涌现出一大批的专业厂家。自动门快速发展到今天，已经形成了一个种类齐全，功能完善，家庭化标准的体系。中国早在十多年前就开始研究生产自动门，并把它应用在酒店，机场，商场，银行，写字楼等大中型公共场所，为这些建筑增添了亮丽光彩。自动门根据不同的使用功能，可分为自动滑门，自动门，自动旋转门，自动门，自动折叠门等，在较少的场合，也包括平板门。而旋转门由于价格昂贵和非常大的，一般只用于高档酒店。自动滑动门的应用则最为广泛，人们通常说的自动感应门是滑动门。自动滑门是自动门机的最常见的形式，在内、外