2022年仁爱版八年级英语上册知识点总结 .pdf
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1、1 八年级英语(仁爱版)语言点归纳Unit 1 Sports and Games Topic 1 Are you going to play basketball? 1.see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程, 常与 every day; often等连用 . see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行. Eg : I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures near the
2、river. 我常看见她在河边画画. I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路 I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路. 类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词. 2.join sb. 表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”join + 组织表示“加入某个组织”take part in 表示“参加 / 出席某个活动”如 : Will you join us? I will join the skiing club. She is planning to take part in the h
3、igh jump. 3.prefer to 更喜欢(to 是介词,后接名词、V-ing 形式) Eg:She prefers fish to meat. She prefers playing the piano to playing the guitar. 4.arrive in + 大地点 arrive at + 小地点 get to + 地点 = reach + 地点如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached th
4、e Great Wall. 注意 : reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home 5.leave 离开leave for 动身去 / 离开到如 : They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本. 6.a few “几个 ; 一些”修饰可数名词 a little “一点点”修饰不数名词如: There are a few eggs in
5、the basket. There is a little water in the bottle. 7.how long 表示“多久 ( 时间 ) ”; 提问时间段 . how often 表示“多常 ; 多久一次” ; 提问时间的频率. 如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing? He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball? 8.be good at (doing) sth. = do we
6、ll in (doing) sth. 擅长于 ( 做) 某事如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball. 9.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物 ( 某人 ) 在某种状态 keep sth/sb + adj. 保持某物 (某人 ) 在某种状态如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy. 重点语法精选学习资料 - - - -
7、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页2 一般将来时:(一) be going to 结构 : 表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思,因此通常认为用be going to 表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。如: I m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。 She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。表预测。指根据迹象推测
8、,而且马上或很快就要发生。如: Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些乌云!快要下雨了!(二) will + 动词原形: 表示单纯的将来事实,常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year) 等连用。 will not = wont; 缩略形式为 ll. 表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划,是临时的一种决定。如: a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆,把你的东西收拾好。-Im sorry. Ill do it
9、right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。b. -Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶? -I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。c. Don t worry. Ill help you. 别担心。我会帮你的。表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。如: I m sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。表示许诺。如: I ll do better next time. 下次我会做得
10、更好的。 Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。句式:肯定句:I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon. 否定句: I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon. 一般疑问句: Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon? 回答: Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont. (三)动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事. 如: I
11、 m coming. 我就来。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。Topic 2 Would you mind teaching me ? 1.ill 与 sick 都表示“生病的” , 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语. 如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. ( 作表语 ) He is a sick man. 他是个病人 . ( 作定语 ) 2.Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示“( 不 ) 做某事介意 / 好吗 ?”如: Woul
12、d you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗? Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟好/ 介意吗 ? 3. one of + 名词复数表示 “其中之一”, 主语是 one, 表单数 . 谓语动词用单数。如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。4. miss “错过 , 思念 , 遗失”如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最后一班车. He missed his mother. 他想念他的母亲. M
13、y God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊 ! 我把钥匙弄丢了. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 12 页3 5. do one s best 尽某人的最大努力 = try ones best We do our best to finish the task. 6. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子“确定做某事”如 : We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next t
14、ime. 我们确信下次一定会赢。7. be sorry for “为某事抱歉”be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子“很抱歉做了某事”如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉. Im sorry I lost your book. = Im sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。8. tired adj. “ (感到)疲惫的” , 主语是人如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了 . tiring adj. “令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物如:This
15、 job is tiring. 这份工作令人疲惫 . 类似的有 : excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的9. 15-year-old “15 岁的”15 years old “15 岁”如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old. 类似用法 : 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles 10. instead “替代 ; 相反” , 一般单独使用, 放在句末 , 前面用逗号隔开. instead of“替代; 而不 , 相反”如: I wont
16、go to Shanghai. Ill go to Beijing, instead. 我不会去上海而会去北京. = I ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了许多牛奶而不是水. have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示“从做 . 中获得乐趣”如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。Topic 3 Which sport will you take
17、part in? 1. be ready for 为准备 = prepare for Eg: We are ready for the final exam = We are preparing for the final exam 2. encourage 鼓励 (to + V ) Eg: We should encourage children to look after themselves. 3. take / do exercise 做锻炼Eg: They often takes / does exercise in the morning. 4. group up 长大Eg: Wh
18、at are you going to be when you grow up. bring up : 抚养5. a symbol of代表 = stand for Eg: ?The?Tang?costume?stands?for?Chinese?fashion?culture?and?the?long?history?of?China. The?Tang?costume is a symbol of Chinese?fashion?culture?and?the?long?history?of?China. 6. at least 至少 at most 至多Eg: We need at le
19、ast another two days to finish the task. There are 1000 students in this school at most. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 12 页4 7. fill out + 名词“填好”fill + 名词 / 代词 +out 如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 请填好这张表格. Please fill it/them out. (当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间 ) 请
20、把它 ( 们) 填好 . 8. be afraid“恐怕”指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人. be afraid of“害怕 ( 做) ”如: Im afraid I wont be free. 我恐怕没有空. He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗 . They are afraid of losing the game. 他们害怕输了比赛. 9. may be “可能是” may 是情态动词 + be maybe “或许 ; 可能” maybe 是副词如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老师. He may
21、know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字. 10. between 在两者之间 among 在三者或三者当中如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在 A和 B 之间 . The winner is among of us. 获胜者在我们当中. Unit 2 Keeping Healthy Topic 1 How are you feeling today? 1. 身体某个部位 + ache ,表身体某处疼痛。如: headache 头痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toot
22、hache 牙痛2. medicine “药” (为不可数名词) pill “药片”(为可数名词)如: take some medicine 吃些药 take some cold pills 吃些感冒药3. with “含有” without “没有”Eg: hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶 mooncake with eggs 含鸡蛋的月饼 Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中国清茶 Go to school without (eati
23、ng) breakfast. 没吃早饭去上学。4. well 康复 well 是副词,修饰动词。作为形容词来用时,是“身体健康”的意思。Eg: She dances well.( well是副词 ) Take care of you , youll be well soon.( well是形容词 ) good 是形容词,“好的” eg:He is a good boy. 5. You d better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看医生 see a doctor 看医生had better (not) do sth 最好(不)做某事Eg: Youd better ask y
24、our teacher for help You have a fever,Let s see a doctor. Your leg is hurt ,youd better not move. 6. have a rest 休息一下Eg:You look tired ,why not have a rest? 7. until “直到为止” ; 句中动词一般为延续性动词not until“直到才” ; 句中动词一般为短暂性动词如: He will wait for his father until ten o clock. 他将等他父亲一直到10 点为止 . He wont leave un
25、til his father comes . 直到他父亲来他才离开. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页5 8. plenty of “充足 ; 大量”既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词, 只用于肯定句 , 相当于 a lot of/ lots ofmany “许多” , 修饰可数名词 much “许多” , 修饰不可数名词如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你应该喝大量的开水. You shouldn t drink so much wate
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