2022年人教版英语八年级下unit3讲解与练习 .pdf

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1、培生学堂八年级下Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?Section A1. Few, a few, little, a little Few 几乎没有+可数名词复数There are few people in the room.Little 几乎没有+ 不可数名词There was little rain all winter.A few 少数，几个+ 可数名词复数He left his house a few minutes ago.A little 一点，少许+ 不可数名词Could you give me a little milk?【例】

2、The girl in purple is new here, so _ people know her.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little2. solve vt. 解答，解决Few students can solve the physics problem.problem 指客观存在的等待解决的“ 问题 ” ，着重困难；e.g.: The students are working on a math problem. question 指对某事怀疑因而提出等待回答的“ 问题 ” ，着重疑惑和不能断定e.g.: The students are ask

3、ing the teacher some questions. 3. For one week, she didn t do any housework and neither did I.“ neither + be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词 +主语 ” 表示 “ 也不 ” 。e.g.: He doesn t like swimming and neither do I.知识扩展：neither 作代词，意为“ （两者）都不 ”e.g.: Neither of my parents is at home.neither 作形容词，与名词单数连用，意为“ （两者）都不的”e.g.: Ne

4、ither answer is right. neither nor 意为 “ 既不 也不 ”e.g.: The room is neither big nor bright.典型例题：I can t play the piano, and _.A. neither can my sister B. my sister can t, too.C. so can t my sister D. can my sister, either4. Finally, I could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.or 连词意为 “ 也不 ” ，表示并列关系，

5、常用于否定句，连接并列的词或短语。e.g.: He can t read or write.表示选择关系，用于陈述句，意为“ 或，或者 ” ；用于疑问句中，意为“ 还是 ”e.g.: Answer yes or no.Is your bag red or black?表示转折关系，意为“ 否则，要不然 ”e.g.: Hurry up, or you ll be late.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下5. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in fron

6、t of the TV .as soon as “一 就”, 引导时间状语从句e.g.: He left as soon as h heard the news.【辨析】in front of 与 in the front of 区别in front of “在 的前面 ” ，是指在一定范围外e.g.: Mary is in front of the car.in the front of “在 的前部 ” ，是指在一定范围内e.g.: Cathy is in the front of the car.7. pass vt. 传递pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb.

7、递给某人某物e.g.: Please pass me a towel.=8. lend, borrow 和 keep的区别lend vt. (过去式、过去分词lent)借给，借出常用短语： lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物延续性e.g.: Jack lent his book to Mary last week.borrow vt. 借，借用常用短语： borrow sb. sth. = borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物非延续性e.g.: Sam borrowed a car from his friend.keep vt. 延

8、续性动词；保持，保存延续性e.g.: Mary may keep the book for two weeks. 典型例题：- Can I _ your bike?- With pleasure. But you mustn t _ it to others.A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrowSection B9. waste n. 不可数浪费，废物，垃圾e.g.: I hate waste. 固定结构： a waste of time 浪费时间adj. 无用的，浪费的，荒废的e.g.: We shou

9、ldn t throw waste paper about.vt. 浪费e.g.: People shouldn t waste food.10. 四种 “ 花费 ”(1) spend vt. 指花费时间、金钱或精力；主语为人。结构： sb. spend time/ money on sth.= sb. spend time/ money (in) doing sth.e.g.: She spent 50 dollars on the skirt. (2) pay v. 指支付、花费金钱；主语为人。结构： sb. pay (sb.) money (for sth.)e.g.: She paid

10、 50, 000 dollars for the car. (3) cost v. 指花费金钱、精力等；主语为物。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下结构： sth. costs (sb.) money. e.g.: The house cost them a lot of money.(4) take v. 指花费时间。结构：It takes sb. time to do sth. it 为形式主语e.g.: It took him three weeks to finish the work.11.

11、 provide vt. 提供，供给结构： provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物e.g.: He has to provide food and clothes for his family.习语： It all depends. That depends. 视情况而定。12. since 连词自 以后；自 以来，引导时间状语从句e.g.: It is two years since we visited your mother. 由为，既然，引导原因状语从句e.g.: Since we don t have money, w

12、e can t buy a house.13. As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped.as a result 习惯用语，意为“ 结果，因此 ”e.g.: As a result, we had to change our plan.as a result of 由于 ,作为 的结果e.g.: He was late as a result of snow. 此处 fall(fell, fallen) 为联系动词“ 进入某种状态；变成”Finally she fell silent.【辨析】 fall ill 与 be ill

13、Fall ill “ 生病 ” 一时动作非延续He fell ill last week.Be ill “ 生病 ” 状态延续He has been ill for a week.Conclusion of the unit1. do the dishes 洗餐具2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾3. go out 出去4. help out 帮助做完某事5. at least 至少6. in surprise 惊讶地7. throw down 扔下8. all the time 频繁，反复9. spend on 在 花费（时间或金钱）10. as soon as 一 就1

14、1. in order to 为了12. provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物13. depend on 依赖，信赖14. look after = take care of 照顾，照看15. get into 进入16. as a result 结果，因此精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下17 finish doing sth. 做完某事18. mind doing sth. 介意做某事19. learn how to do sth

15、. 学会怎样做某事20. the+比较级， the+比较级越 就越 【Grammar】-情态动词could 的用法情态动词could 用于有礼貌地提出要求或请求准许，用于疑问句， 代替 can，在时间上与can没有区别，但语气要比can 委婉、有礼貌。回答时要用can，不能用 could。除此之外，肯定回答还可以用Sure./ Certainly./ Yes, sure./ No problem. /With pleasure. 等；否定回答还可以用Im afraid not. 等Could you please lend me your dictionary?Yes, sure.Could

16、的其他用法：(1) could 为 can的过去式，表示能力。e.g.: He said that he couldn t come. (2) 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句，此时could 与 can 无时间上区别，但语气比can缓和，情绪要弱。e.g.: He couldn t / can t be over fifty.(3) 表示可能性，指对将来、现在或过去某种可能的推测。e.g.: My wife is in hospital our baby could arrive at any time. (4) 用于虚拟语气e.g.: How I wish I coul

17、d go with you!单元练习一单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）从每小题所给的A、 B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。( )1. Could you please your room, Tom? . A. cleaning, No problem B. clean, Certainly C. to clean, Of course D. clean, No I couldn t( )2.Do you like to_ your bed? No，I hate to_ chores A do；do B do；make C make；do Dmake；

18、make ( )3._ you tell me how I_ get to the No 168 Middle School? ADo；can B Can；could CCould；can DCould；could ( )4. Miss White, I m going out, could you _ my child for a while? A. look for B. look over C. look at D. look after ( )5._ you like a cup of tea? A. Would B. Do C. Are D. Could ( )6. It is a

19、year of ox. My parents gave _a nice toy ox on New Year s Day. A. I B. me C. mine D. my ( )7. Meimei is _the difficult math problem. I m sure she ll _. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下A. working on; work it on B. working out; work it out C. working out; work it on D. w

20、orking on; work it out ( )8. Could you _the window? I feel a little cold. A. please not open B. please not to open C. not please to close D. please not to close ( )9. Many kids like _ very much, but they are not good for their health. A.singers B. chores C. snacks D.watching TV ( )10. Could I use yo

21、ur computer, Dad? Sorry, you _. I m going to work on it. A. wouldn t B. cant C. needn t D. dont have to ( )11. _ do you do the dishes? Every day. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. When ( )12. Could you buy us _ drinks? Sorry, I dont have _ money. A. any; any B. any; some C. some; some D. some;

22、 any ( )13. Excuse me, Peter. There s something wrong with my car. Could I _ ? A. go for a drive B. get a ride C. give me a ride D. go for a walk ( )14. There are still a few hamburgers. Would you like to have _one, Julia? A. the other B. other C. others D. another ( )15. My dad tells me not to _ to

23、o late in the evening. He says it is dangerous. A. stay out B. grow up C. come out D. get up 二完形填空（共10 小题；每小题2 分，满分20 分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。Lisa is serious about the chores in her house. She gives her children things that they 16 do according to their ages. She started by asking John

24、, the 17 of her two sons, to help with the dishes. It is now an easy chore 18 the 15-year-old. His 13-year-old brother, Dave, now 19 John too They take turns (轮流 )washing the 20 each week. The boys also clean their study tables, make their beds and 21 food from the market on Sunday mornings. Besides

25、 (除了 ) These，the boys also know how to cook easy meals 22 their parents are not at home. The family of 23 live in a big house but they do all the housework themselves. Lisa says, When I was young, my father wanted us to do things on our own and learn how to 24 ourselves. Now I m doing it to my kids.

26、John says, Doing chores is 25 . You can learn important life skills and responsibility (责任 ). ( )16. A. must B. can C. may D. will ( )17. A. elder B. taller C. younger D. shorter ( )18. A. with B. as C. for D. by ( )19. A. likes B. finds C. hates D. helps ( )20. A. hands B. dishes C. fruit D. clothe

27、s ( )21. A. borrow B. cook C. buy D. sell ( )22. A. when B. how C. what D. why ( )23. A. two B. three C. four D. five ( )24. A. work on B.live in C.look at D. take care of ( )25. A. difficult B. good C. bad D. Boring 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下三补全对话（共5 小题；每小题1 分，

28、满分5 分）根据对话内容， 从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。(Rose and Ann are talking about chores.) Rose: Ann, could you please get me some water? Ann: Sure. 26 Rose: I m sweeping the floor. Ann: Do you like it? Rose: 27 It s too boring, but I have to do it. How about you? Ann: I hate sweeping the floor, too, b

29、ut I like other chores. Rose: Really? 28 Ann: I like to make the bed and water the flowes. Rose: 29 Ann: Yes. 30 And you? Rose: I agree. I often help my mother do the dishes. A.I think it s relaxing. B.Do you like doing the dishes? C. What do you want to do? D.No, not really. E.What are you doing no

30、w? F.Yes, it s very interesting. G.What chores do you like? 四阅读理解（共 10 小题；每小题3 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。A Do teenagers in small villages do chores at home? How about the teenagers in big cities? Here is a survey. We asked 4,000 teenagers in China several questions. Half of them

31、come from big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.The others are from small villages. We made a diagram of the result of our survey. Let s have a look at it.We found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life.

32、 Our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. Doing chores teaches teenagers to take care of themselves. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下()31. They surveyed _ teenagersfrom small villages.A. 1,000B. 2,000C. 3,000D.

33、4,000()32. There are 1,000 teenagersfrom the cities who _.A. take out the trash B. do the dishes C. make the bed D. fold the clothes( )33. Fewer than _ teenagersin big cities sweepthe floor and make the bed.A. 500B. 1,000C. 1,500D. 2,000()34. The number of teenagers_ in big cities is bigger than tha

34、t in small villages.A. making the bedB. taking out the trash C. folding the clothesD.doing the dishes()35. Why did they make the survey?A. Becausethey dontwant teenagersin China to do choresat home.B. Becausethey thought it will help teenagersto take good careofthemselves to do chores at home.C. Bec

35、ausethey wanted to know if teenagersin China do chores at home.D.Becausethey thought it snot necessaryfor teenagersto look after themselves.CAn exhausted（筋疲力尽的）looking woman came into the doctorsoffice.Shesaid, “ Doctor, there area lot of dogs all over my neighborhood. They bark（犬吠）all day and all n

36、ight, andI cantget a good sleep.”“I have good news for you, ”the doctor said, taking out asmall bottle. “ Here are some new sleeping pills （安眠药）that work like a dream. A few of theseand your trouble will be over. ” “Great, thank you. ”the woman was very glad to go back home with the pills.A few week

37、s later, the woman cameagain, looked worse than ever. She said, “ Doctor, your pills are not good at all.I m more tired than before.”“I dontunderstand how that could be, ”said the doctor, shaking his head, “ Those are the strongest pills on the market.”“ That may betrue,”answeredthe woman, “ but I m

38、 still up all night running afterthose dogs and when I finally catch one,it is hard to get him to eatthe pills.”()36. The woman cameto seethe doctor because_.A. her dog was illB. shewas bitten（被咬） by dogsC. shecouldn tsleepwellD. her son was ill()37. The doctor gave somepills to the woman for _.A. t

39、he dogs B. herself C. her son D. her neighbors()38. The woman got _ in a few weeks.A. worseB. healthier C. better D. stronger()39. Which of the following is RIGHT?A. The doctor gavethe woman wrong pills.B. The woman liked to run with the dogs.C. The woman took the pills but the pills didn twork at a

40、ll.D. The woman might feel better if shetook the pills.()40. When he heard what the woman said, the doctor might think that _.A. he gavethe woman the right pillsB. the woman was avery clever personC. the woman was very foolish （愚蠢的）D. heshould give the woman the pills again五单词拼写（共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分

41、）A)根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下41.I dontthink children should d(依靠 ) on their parents too much.42. John often helps his mother do c(家务 ),like folding the clothes , taking out the rubbish or cleaning the living room.43. Alice h_ (厌恶

42、)to do the dishes, but shelikes sweeping the floor.44. Playing computer games too much is a w_( 浪费 ) of your time.45. My bike is broken. Could you l_ (借给 )me yours, please?B) 根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。46. My father often asksme(sweep)the floor.47.Youd better learn to take(careful) of yourselves .48. Durin

43、g his first year, he often fell ill andhis grades(drop) .49.Doing chorescanhelp children to understandthe idea of(fair).50.Some people are good at b(borrow) but bad at giving back.Unit3 参考答案：一单项填空1-5BCCDA6-10BDACB11-15CDBDA二、完形填空16-20BACDD21-25CACDB三、补全对话26-30.EDGBA四阅读理解31-35BADCB36-40CBADC五单词拼写41.

44、depend 42. chores 43.hates44. waste45. lend 46.to sweep 47.care48.dropped 49. fairness50.borrowing六书面表达One possible version:My SpareTimeI am amiddle school student.Though I m busy with my lessons,my sparetime is still colorful. Aft精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页培生学堂八年级下er sc

45、hool I usually play sports.I like basketball andfootball very much.Sports help me to keep healthy and study better.I often do some reading in the evening.I think books are our best friends.Theygive us much knowledge that we cant learn at school.So reading books is the best way of spendingmy spare ti

46、me.Sometimes I watch TV or surf the internet.I find it sagood way to relax myself.At the sametime it canalso help me to open up my eyesto the outside world.On weekends, I often help my parentswith the housework.I sweep the floor,wash the clothes and learn to cook.I enjoy myself in my sparetime.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页