虚拟语气课件(公开课)subjective_mood(2).ppt

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1、 虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式.一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等DefinitionSubjunctive Mood(虚拟语气）虚拟语气）虚拟语气虚拟语气Types条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语形从句的谓语形式式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在过去过去未来未来过去式过去式 (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V. (原原)would/could/should/might +have done1.过去式过去式2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to

2、dowould/could/should/might +V. (原原)虚拟语气虚拟语气1. If 型型虚拟语气虚拟语气例句例句1.If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)3. If I were you, I would go at once. 假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实

3、上我不可能是你)If 型型If you _tomorrow, you _find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would B. would come; wouldC. will come; should D. comes; mightIf the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived

4、虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气If型特例型特例1：混杂条件句：混杂条件句：定义：定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.与过去相反与过去相反与现在相反与现在相反虚拟语气虚拟语气If型特例型特例2：省略：省略 if 的条件从句的条件从句：用法：用法：从句中有 were, had 或 should 时， 省略if ，而把它们放在句首。3. If you had not helped me，I should have failed.2. If he should fail in the expe

5、riment this time, he would try again. 1. If I were you, I would not do that.Were I you, I would not do that.Should he failed in the experiment this time, he would try again.Had you not helped me, I should have failed.在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句及主语从句中及主语从句中2. Should + V 型型虚拟语气虚拟语气句型 it is necess

6、ary/strange/that +从句从句三个建议三个建议四个要求四个要求insistorder, commandadvise, suggest, proposedemand, require, request, ask其后的宾语从句及以其其后的宾语从句及以其同根名词同根名词引导的主语，表引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中。语，同位语从句中。虚拟语气虚拟语气Should +v 型型两个命令两个命令一个坚持一个坚持1.在宾语在宾语从句从句，表语，表语从句从句，同位语，同位语从句从句，主语，主语从句从句中。中。这种用法的词有：这种用法的词有：1.I advised that you _ the jo

7、b as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D could3. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there. A. not went B. wont go C. not go D. not to go4.The teacher d

8、emanded that the exam _ before eleven. A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished5.The commander ordered that we _ work. A. must finish B. finished C. should finish D. could finishTIPST. or F. You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. Your pale face suggests that y

9、ou are ill. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong.insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气各有两种意思，要用不同的语气Insist 表示表示“坚决要求坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式时，用虚拟形式，即，即 should + do;Insist 表示表示“坚持认为，坚持说坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气时，用陈述语气，表示事，表示事实。实。Suggest 表示表示“建议建议”时，用虚拟形式。时，用虚拟形式。Suggest 表示表示“表明、暗示表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气

10、。时，用陈述语气。FTFT虚拟语气虚拟语气 用于表语、同位语、主语从句用于表语、同位语、主语从句在在suggestion / proposal / order / / advice / request /demand 等名词等名词后的表语和同位语从句中后的表语和同位语从句中 要用要用 “should动词原形动词原形” should可以省略可以省略Translation 他建议我们早点回家。He suggested that we (should) go home earlier.It was suggested that we (should) go home earlier.His sugg

11、estion was that we (should) go home earlier.He made an suggestion that we (should) go home earlier.虚拟语气虚拟语气宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off考题点击考题点击1.His suggestion that you _

12、once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2 She made the demand that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be left2. It is suggested/ordered / requested /proposed /demanded that从句从句从句从句中的中的 谓语谓语 动动 词词用用should+动动词词原形原形，should 可以可以省略省略虚拟语气虚拟语气类似用

13、法的词有类似用法的词有：necessary，strange，natural，desired， a pity, a shame, no wonder 。Should + V 型型2. It is important (necessary, strange,) that .我们有必要出去散散步。 她这样做是很自然的。 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 Should + V 型型虚拟语气虚拟语气TranslationIts necessary that we should have a walk .Its natural that she should do so.Its important that w

14、e should take good care of the patient.Wish / As if (though)3.类似类似 if 型型虚拟语气虚拟语气Would rather/ If only But for +n/ Without +n Its (high) time +thatWish/As if / （though）+从句从句现在现在: 过去时（过去时（were）过去过去: 过去完成时过去完成时(had done)未来未来: would/could/might +V.(原原)类似类似 if 型（型（1）虚拟语气虚拟语气例句1. I wish I were 30 years yo

15、unger.2. I wish (that) you would get a good job.3. He wished he hadnt done it.4. He treats the little girl as if she were he own daughter. 他想要是他没这样做该多好。类似类似 if 型型1 . I wish I _a bird A is B were C will be D are2. How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future . A had visited B would visit C vis

16、ited D will visit would Rather + that （从句）（从句） 宁愿。宁愿。If only +要是。要是。过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时现在现在过去过去过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时现在现在/将来将来过去过去类似类似 if 型（型（2）虚拟语气虚拟语气1. would rather that现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去时过去时I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you cam

17、e tomorrow.Its (high) time +that过去时过去时(were)/Should(不省不省) +V.你该走了。你该走了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.我们该去我们该去睡觉了。睡觉了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 类似类似 if 型（型（3）1. She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today. A. had B. should le

18、ave C. leaves D. left2. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time_ ? A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left6. If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 7. -Why didnt you come to the party yesterday? -I wou

19、ld , but an unexpected visitor _ to see me. A. came B. would come C. had come D. was coming 8. Id rather you _ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told类似类似 if 型（型（4）虚拟语气虚拟语气but for +n(要不是), without +n, otherwise(否则)，in that case，一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if）, 其后的句子与虚拟条件主

20、句用法一致。其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。+句子句子would/could/should/might +V. (原原)would/could/should/might +have done现在现在/将来将来过去过去1. But for your help, we (make) such rapid progress.没有你的帮助，我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。没有你的帮助，我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。would not have made虚拟语气虚拟语气类似类似 if 型型2. Without air, there _ (be) no living things. 如果没有空气，就不会有

21、生物如果没有空气，就不会有生物 would be3. Thanks to the brave young man, otherwise, the boy _(die).would have died9.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 10. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would

22、have been D. would be Subjective moodIf 型型Should +v型型类似类似if型型。混杂条件句混杂条件句(各自为准各自为准)Were, had ,should提前，省略提前，省略if1. 一个坚持，两个命令，一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求。三个建议，四个要求。2. It is（necessary，strange）+that1. wish/as if 2. Would rather/ if only3. It is (high) time that4. But for/otherwise/ without/in that case1.过去式过去式

23、2.过去完成过去完成3.could、would、might +v1.过去式过去式2.过去完成过去完成Should（不省）（不省） +v/过去式过去式1.Would,could,should,might+v2.would,could,should,might+have doneinsistsuggest虚拟语气虚拟语气1. Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missedExercisesA2. If I knew you were comin

24、g, I _ you at the airport. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have metD3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listenB4. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sellA 5. I wish this bus _ to the unive

25、rsity. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had goneB虚拟语气虚拟语气6. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should getC7. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. beenA8. I _ you some money

26、, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lentB9. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. hadD10. I dont think it is the right time that you _. A. will go B. went C. go D. must goB11. When a pencil is partly in a glas

27、s of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenC3. If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.(2010,天津)A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow4. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.(2010,重庆

28、) A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 5. If we _ the other road ,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.(2010,陕西) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken6. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .(2010,浙江)A. would have been savedB. had been s

29、aved C. will be savedD. was savedWe are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off1. She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today. A. had B. should leave C. leaves D. left2. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its a

30、bout time_ ? A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left6. If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 7. -Why didnt you come to the party yesterday? -I would , but an unexpected visitor _ to see me. A. came B. would come C. h

31、ad come D. was coming 8. Id rather you _ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told9.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 10. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 脚踏实地脚踏实地迎接高考迎接高考