论地方人大代表履职能力的提高.docx
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1、研究生毕业论文论文题目:试论地方人大代表履职能力的提升班级形式:2007级在职大集中班 学科专业:经济社会发展与党的领导导师姓名、职称: 康民 教授论文工作起止时间:2009年10月2010年5月【内容摘要】代表履职水平决定代表工作实效,也是发挥代表作用的基础和前提。如何提高代表履职水平是当前代表工作急需解决的课题。笔者认为,应当始终坚持以人为本,坚持科学发展观,从创新工作机制入手,努力提高代表履职水平。1、提升地方人大代表履职能力是推进基层民主政治发展的迫切需要。社会主义和谐社会,是民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会。和谐社会首先应该是“阳光社会”。人民
2、群众看社会是否和谐,既看党的方针政策是否代表了各阶层特别是绝大多数群众的根本利益,还看党员干部行使权力是否公平公正公开,是否为群众办实事、办好事。加强农村基层民主政治建设,一方面可以有效地促进干部办事方式和办事作风的改进,促进公开、公平、公正;另一方面通过实现农民群众的自我管理、自我教育和自我服务,有利于在农村基层建立有效的利益协调机制、矛盾处理机制和社会管理机制,引导群众依法按章、规范有序地参与村务的决策和管理,以理性合法的形式表达自己的利益要求,解决利益矛盾,从而促进农村的和谐与稳定。从我省看,凡是农村基层民主政治建设搞得好的地方,矛盾就比较少,群众上访也少,农民群众对干部的信任度就比较高
3、。2、提升地方人大代表履职能力是完善人民代表大会制度的基础。人民代表大会制度作为我国的一项根本的政治制度可以概括为拥有国家权力的我国人民根据民主集中制的原则,通过民主选举组成全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会,并以人民代表大会为基础,建立全部国家机构,对人民负责,受人民监督,以实现人民当家作主的政治制度。 历史的经验证明人民代表大会制度具有极大的优越性。首先,它适合中国的国情,因而具有很强的生命力。虽然经历过曲折的阶段,但它本身还是在不断的健全和完善,它的巨大作用还没有完全发挥出来;其次,人民代表大会制度便于人民参加国家管理。我国宪法明确规定,国家的一切权力属于人民,人民行使国家权力的机关
4、是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会;再次,人民代表大会制度便于集中统一的行使国家权力。各级国家行政机关,审判机关和检察机关都由人民代表大会产生,对它负责,受其监督。这充分表明各级人民代表大会作为国家权力机关,在国家权力的行使和实现过程中处于主导支配的地位;最后,人民代表大会制度既能保证中央的集中统一的领导,又能保证地方主动性和积极性的发挥。由于人民代表大会作为国家权力机关,在国家机关体系中处于主导支配地位,因而人民代表大会制度是将国家机关之间,中央与地方之间的权力关系的有序化,从而既保证中央统一行使国家权力,又保证地方主动性和积极性得以充分发挥的关键。 根据新时期的新要求,进一步完善人民
5、代表大会制度,提升地方人大代表履职能力是基础。3、提升地方人大代表履职能力是深化人民当家做主、维护人民利益的前提。我国宪法关于“中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民”、“人民行使国家权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会”的规定,确立了国家制度的核心内容和基本准则,体现了国家权力的归属问题。在我国,人民当家作主的途径和形式多种多样,最根本、最重要的就是通过人民代表大会掌握国家政权、行使国家权力。人民经过民主选举产生自己的代表,组成各级人民代表大会。各级人大代表人民行使国家权力,对人民负责,受人民监督,有力地保证了各级人大按照人民的意志行使国家权力,保证了全国各族人民通过人民代表大会把国
6、家权力最终掌握在自己手中。人民代表大会制度体现了国家一切权力属于人民的原则,从根本上保障人民依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督,享有广泛的民主、自由和人权,有利于广泛动员全国各族人民以主人翁的精神投身中国特色社会主义建设,把国家的、民族的前途和命运牢牢地掌握在自己手中。如何深化人民当家做主、维护人民利益,提升地方人大代表履职能力是前提。4、提升地方人大代表履职能力是提高人大工作成效的关键。提高人大工作成效,笔者认为,主要是基于一种“合拍、合法、合心、合力”的工作方法。“合拍”是与党委政府中心工作合拍。体现在人大关注民生问题,监督安全工作,是人大工作与党委、政府中心工作同音合拍。“合
7、法”是工作方法程序合法。一般的工作原则是人大依法行使视察、监督、建议职权但不直接处理问题。“合心”是与群众合心。人大工作只有深入了解民情,倾听人民呼声,充分反映民意,把“人民拥护不拥护”、“人民赞成不赞成”、“人民答应不答应”作为人大工作的出发点和归宿,作为衡量人大履行职责的根本标准,真正做到权为民所用、情为民所系、利为民所谋,才能得到人民群众的拥护和支持,真正体现人民代表人民选,选好代表为人民。“合力”是与相关职能部门合力。真正要解决问题,还需政府各职能部门的通力合作。以上所述,也都是要基于提高人大代表履职能力。【关键词】人大代表 履职能力 问题原因 对策建议【abstract】 repre
8、sentatives represent actual work second five-year terms level, but also play the role of delegates basis and prerequisite. How to improve the level of second five-year terms is currently representing representative work urgent problem to be solved. The author thinks that should always adhere to the
9、people-oriented, insist on scientific development outlook, innovation, to improve the working mechanism of representative second five-year terms. 1 second five-year terms, congress is the ability of grassroots democracy and political development of urgent need. Socialist harmonious society is a demo
10、cratic rule of law, equity and justice, honesty and fraternity, vigor and vitality, stability and order, and harmony between man and nature and society. Harmonious society is the first sunshine society . People look at whether the social harmony, neither party policy represents strata, especially if
11、 the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people still see party members and cadres, to exercise power fairness, whether publicly for the populace, do good. Strengthening rural democratic political construction and, on the other hand, can effectively promoting cadres way and style,
12、promote the improvement of openness, fairness, impartiality, On the other hand, by realizing peasants self-management, education and self, self service in rural grassroots establishing effective interest coordination mechanism, the contradiction processing mechanism and social management mechanism,
13、guide in accordance with the law, an orderly according to chapter in the village, with a rational decision and management of the legitimate interests of the forms of expression oneself, solving conflicts, thus promoting the harmony and stability of the countryside. See, all from the province of rura
14、l grassroots democracy make good place, and less mass appeal is less, the peasants for cadres of credibility is quite high. 2, improving local National Peoples Congress second five-year terms ability is the perfect the system of peoples congresses. The system of peoples congresses as one of our fund
15、amental political system can be summarized as has the power of the states democratic centralism in China, according to the principle of democratic election composition by the National Peoples Congress and the local peoples congresses and peoples congress in all countries, based organization, respons
16、ible to the people and subject to their supervision, to realize that the people are the masters of the political system. Historical experience prove the peoples congress system is of great advantage. First, it is suitable for national conditions of China, and has strong vitality. Although experience
17、d tortuous stage, but it is in itself and perfect, its a tremendous role is still not fully play, Secondly, the system of peoples congresses in national management for people. Chinas constitution stipulates that all the power of the country belongs to the people, the organs through which the people
18、exercise state power are the National Peoples Congress and the local peoples congresses at various levels, Again, the peoples congress system for centralized and unified the exercise of state power. The state administrative organs at various levels, judicial and procuratorial organs are created by t
19、he peoples congresses, responsible for it, by its supervision. It shows peoples congresses as organ of state power, in the exercise of state power and the realization process of the leading status, Finally, the peoples congress system can not only ensure the centralized and unified leadership, and c
20、an guarantee the place of initiative and enthusiasm. Due to the peoples congresses as organ of state power, the state organ system is in a dominant position, and control system of peoples congresses is between central and state organs, where the power relation between wasted, so that the unification
21、 the exercise of state power, and to ensure the initiative and enthusiasm to fully exert the key. According to the new requirement in the new period, and further improve the system of peoples congresses, promote local National Peoples Congress second five-year terms ability is based. 3, promote loca
22、l National Peoples Congress second five-year terms ability is deepening the people are the masters, safeguarding the peoples interests. Chinas constitution of the Peoples Republic of China on all power belongs to the people, and the organs through which the people exercise state power are the Nation
23、al Peoples Congress and the local peoples congresses at various levels regulation, established the core content of the national system and basic principle, reflects the state power. In our country, the people are the masters of the way and form varied, the most fundamental and most important is thro
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