2022年八年级上册英语各单元知识点归纳总结 .pdf
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1、- - 悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Education八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。本单元的语法: 1.复习一般过去时; 2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。语法: 1.本单元出现的 动词不规则过去式有:isam-was 是are - were 是go-went 去buybought 买take -took拿走,dodoes didfeed fed
2、 喂 see saw 看见 eatate 吃havehas had 有,吃feelfelt 感觉 riderode 骑 get got 到达 ,得到 cancould 能,会 forget forgot 忘记 drink drank喝find found 找到2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:somebodyanyoneeverythingnowhere (疑问副词)不定代词和不定副词(1)左边的 some 、any、every、 no 与右边的 body、one、thing 构成不定代词 ,some、any、every、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词 ;(2)一般情况下以som
3、e开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one 为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has somethingimportant to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something ,形容词important放后)Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything ,形容词 special 放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month? 上个月你去令人感兴趣
4、的地方了吗?(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere ,形容词 interesting 放后 )(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语 时,后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和知识点:1.(P1,图片 ) go on vacation 去度假go to the mountains上山 /进山2.(P1,1a) stay at home 呆在家 go to the beach 去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summercamp 去参观夏令营3.(P2, 2b) study for tests为考试而学习 备考go o
5、ut 出去4.(P2, 2d) quite a few相当多 ,不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a few friends.take photos照相most of the time大部分时间他有不少朋友。5.(P3,语法表格 3 行 ) buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物My mother bought me asweater=My mother bought a sweater for me我.妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。6.(P3,语法表格 4 行 ) taste good. 尝起来很好taste (尝起来)、 look (看起来)、 soun
6、d (听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词 The food tastes delicious这.食品尝起来非常可口。The T-shirt looks beautiful.这件体恤衫看起来很漂亮。The songs sound beautiful这.些歌曲听起来很优美。7.(P3,语法表格 5 行 )have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴,玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself)They had a good time yesterday.= They enjoyed themselves yesterday他.们昨天玩得很开心。8.(P3,3a) go shopping去购物9
7、.(P3,3b,4 行 ) nothing?but+ 动词原形:除了?之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday昨.天他在家除了读书无事可做。10.(P3,3b,5 行) seem to do sth:好像 ? I seem to know him. 我好像认识他。海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 19 页- - 1精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 19 页- -
8、 悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Educationseem+ (to be )+形容词:看起来 ?The work seems (to be)easy这.工作看起来很容易。11.( P3,3c )keep a diary 记日记12.(P5,2b,1 行) in+ 大地方:达到某地( get to + 地方:达到某地)arriveat+小地方:达到某地(get 的过去式为 got)He arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天达到北京。若是 arr
9、ive 和 ge 后跟 home 、 there 、 here 三个 地点副词 ,后面的介词inatto 必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrivedhome yesterday evening昨.晚汤姆到家。13.(P5,2b,2 行)decide to do sth:决定做某事 He decided to go home他.决定回家。14.(P5,2b,3 行) try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 The boy tried riding bicycle. 这个小孩试着骑自行车He tried
10、to help the old man.他尽力帮助这个老年人。15.(P5,2b,4 行) feel like给?的感觉;感受到16.(P5,2b,1 段末行 ) in the past 在过去 walk around 四处走走enjoydoing sth:喜欢做某事He enjoys playing basketball他.喜欢打篮球。17.(P5,2b,2 段 1行)difference- different(形容词,不同的 )(名词,差异,差别 )18.(P5,2b,2 段 2 行)start doing sth:开始做某事(= start to do sth)He started do
11、ing his homework. 他开始做家庭作业。19.(P5,2b,2 段 3 行)over an hour 一个多小时( over 超过,多余= more than )20.(P5,2b,2 段 4 行) too many太多,后接可数名词复数。Mother bought too many eggs yesterday昨.天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do.我们有很多工作要做。Don t talk too much不.要说太多。much too太,后跟形容词或副词The hat is muc
12、h too big for me.这帽子对我来说太大。You re walking much too fast .你走地太快了。分辨三者的口诀:too much, much too, 用法区别看后头 :much 后接不可数 ,too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。21.(P5,2b,2 段 6 行) because of因为 ,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing ),不能接句子。because 因为,后跟句子。He can t go to school because of the rain. 他因为下雨没去上学。(rain 为名词)He was late fo
13、r school because ofgetting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。( get 为动词)= He was late for school because he got up late.I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive我.没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。22.(P5,2b,2 段 8 行)enough( 足够的 )与名词连用,一般放在名词前 He has enough money .他有足够的钱。 (money 为名词 ) enough( 足够的 )与形容词或副词连用, enough 放在后面。He is ol
14、d enough to go to school. (old为形容词 )23.( P6,2d, 倒数 4 行) doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget 的过去式为 forgot)Don t foget to close the door不.要忘记关上门。(门还未关)He forgot closing the door.他忘记已经关上门了。(门已经关上,但是他忘了)24.( P6,2e,5 行) another+ 数字 +可数名词单数或复数:额外多少某物He ate one apple,he wanted ano
15、ther two apples他.吃了一个苹果,还想再要两个。25.( P8,self check,2,6行) so+ 形容词 +that+ 句子:如此 ?以至于?too+ 形容词 +to do sth :太?以至于不能 ?形容词 +enough to do sth:足够 ?能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!2精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 19 页- - 悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a crad
16、le!Good EducationHe is so young that he can t go 他 to 如 school 此年轻 .以至于不能去上学。= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学。= He isn t old enough to go to school. 26.( P8,self check,2,7行) tell sb (not) to do sth:告诉某人(不要)做某事 My mother often tells us not to play in the street我.的妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩。Unit 2 H
17、ow often do you exercise?本单元的话题:谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。本单元的语法: 1.复习一般现在时; 2.学习表示频率副词的用法。主要频率副词的等级排序: always( 总是 ) usually ( 通常 ) often( 经常 ) sometimes( 有时 ) hardly ever( 很少 ) never( 从不 )这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。即:“行 ”前 “助 (系) ”后。 Peter is always late for school.Peter 上学总是迟到。I usually do my h
18、omework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day等频率副词,用 How oftenI watch TV every day. How often do you watch TV?)我每天都看电视(你多长时间看一次电视?本单元的短语和知识点:help with housework 帮助做家务1.(P9, 图片、 1a) on weekends在周末go to the movies去看电影how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不2.(P10,2a 至 2d) 2a:once a week 每
19、周一次 twice a week 每周两次 every day 每天2c:use the Internet 用互联网2d: be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你周末有空吗?play tennisswing dance摇摆舞have dance and piano lessons打网球上舞蹈和钢琴课How about ? ?怎么样? / ?好不好?(后跟名词代词 V ing ) (用来提出意见或征求对方建议)I like apple s,how about you ?apple, 名词,苹果)(how about =what about)我喜欢苹果,你呢?(H
20、ow about going shopping this afternoon?今天下午去购物怎么样?(go 为动词)3.(P11, 语法表格 )go shopping 购物4.(P11,3a) stay up late熬夜 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动5.(P11 ,3b)after school 放学后6.(P12 ,1b)wan t sth :需要某物He wants a new pen他.想要一支新钢笔。want to do sth:想做某事He wants to watch TV after school放.学后他想
21、去看电视。want sb to do sth:让某人做某事My mother wants me get up early妈.妈让我早起。7.(P12 ,1b)be good for对?有好处be bad for 对?有害处Swimming is good for our health.游泳对我们的健康有好处。Watching TV is bad for our eyes看.电视对我们的眼睛有害处。8. (P13 , 2a) play computer games打电子游戏go camping 去野营9.(P13 ,2b,1 行)ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents
22、often ask me about my study我.的父母经常问我的学习情况。10. (P13,2b,1 段 1 行)in one s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time他.在业余时间学习英语。11.(P13 ,2b) ”数字+percent of+ 名词 ”做主语时,后面的单词取决于名词的情况。若名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式;若名词为单数或不可数名词,后面的动词用单数形式。In our class ,twenty of studentsare boys.在我们班,百分之二十的学生为男生。Thirty of wa
23、ter is dirty. 百分之三十的 水是脏的。12.(P13 ,2b, 2 段 3 行 )not ? at all :一点儿也不( not 构成否定句)I don liket the movie at all. 我一点也不喜欢这部电影。海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 19 页- - 3精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 19 页- - 悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed t
24、o help you develop a cradle!Good Education13.(P13 ,2b, 3 段)go online 上网14.(P13 ,2b, 3 段)the answer to+名词:?的答案the answer to the question这个问题的答案15.(P13 ,2b, 4 段) the most popular最受欢迎的although (虽然 )不能与 but 连用,但可以与yet ,still连用。Although it is dark ,they are still working. 虽然天黑了,但他们仍在工作。Although he is old
25、 ,he is quite strong他.虽然年龄大了,但身体很健壮。16.(P13 ,2b, 5 段 1 行 )the (best) way to do sth:做某事的 (最好 )方式The best way to learn English is speaking English学.习英语的最好方法是说英语.17.(P13 ,2b, 5 段 2 行 ) such as比如 (后跟名词或名词短语)for example例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on他.喜欢水果,例如苹果、香蕉等。He has some go
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