2022年全国高考英语试题及答案-新课标 2.pdf

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1、第卷第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，满分 15 分）1. I m sorry I made a mistake! _ . Nobody is perfect. A. Take your time B. You re right C. Whatever you say D. Take it easy 答案： D. Take it easy 解析：本题考查日常用语。Take your time. 别着急，慢慢来。You re right. 你说的对。Whatever you say. 无论你说什么；你说了算；随便你。Take it easy.

2、 别紧张；别着急；不要放在心上。译文： “ 对不起我错了。”“ 别太在意。人无完人。”2. Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight? A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through 答案： A. come along 解析：本题考查动词短语。come along 一起来；出现；进展；come off 离开；实现；举行；come across 走过来；出现于；偶然碰到；come through 经历；传出；脱险；译文：今晚你想要和我们一起去看电影吗？3. I was glad

3、 to meet Jenny again, _ I didn t want to spend all day with her. A. but B. and C. so D. or 答案： A. but 解析：本题考查连词。but conj. 但是，表示转折关系；and conj. 并且，表示并列关系；so conj. 所以，表示因果关系；or conj. 或者，否则，表示选择关系；译文：我很高兴再次见到Jenny ，但是我不想整天都和她呆在一起。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 18 页4. When I arrived

4、, Bryan took me to see the house _I would be staying. A. what B. when C. where D. which 答案： C. where 解析：本题考察定语从句关系词。本题的定语从句先行词the house表示地点， I would be staying后面需要加一个地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导，也可以用in which引导，这里where = in which。译文：我抵达之后，Bryan带我看了我将暂住的房子。5. I got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7:30 tr

5、ain from Paddington. A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught 答案： D. having caught 解析：本题考查非谓语动词。通过句义可知，由于赶上了7:30 来自 Paddington的火车，那天我较早地到达了公司。所以，赶火车的动作发生在到达办公室这个动作之前，非谓语动词用分词的现在完成形式，表原因，所以本题选 D。译文：由于赶上了7:30 来自 Paddington的火车，那天我较早地到达了公司。6. Since nobody gave him any help, he _ have don

6、e the research on his own. A. can B. must C. would D. need 答案： B. must 解析：本题考查情态动词。根据 Since引导的从句 “ 既然没人给过他任何帮助” 可以肯定推断出他“ 一定是 ” 自己独立完成研究的。本题考生很可能会选择选项C. would ，但是仔细观察时态，用的是过去式，而主句用现在完成时， 可知主句的动作已经完成，若使用 would ，would +动词的现在完成时表示虚拟语气“ 本应该 ”，与题意不符。译文：既然没人给过他任何帮助，他肯定是独自完成了这项研究。7. We _ very early so we p

7、acked the night before. A. leave B. had left C. were leaving D. have left 答案： C. were leaving 解析：本题考查动词时态。根据句义，可知本题想表达的意思是“ 因为我们第二天要一早出发，所以我们前一晚就整理了行李。 ” 题干后半句用的是过去式，所以选项A 和 D 明显错误。选项B 用的是过去完成时，表示已经出发了，与句义不符。所以选C，表示移动性质的动词可以用进行时态表示将来。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 18 页译文：因为我们第二

8、天要一早出发，所以我们前一晚就整理了行李。8. The watch was very good, and he _ 20 percent down for it. A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent 答案： A. paid 解析：本题考查词组固定搭配。固定搭配pay for sth.意思是 “ 为 支付 钱 ” ；一般是人做主语，cost v. 花费；价值为，物作主语；buy v. 买；采购；spend v. 花费，人作主语，固定搭配：spend on sth.；译文：这块手表非常不错，并且他只支付了20% 的定金。9. It may not be a gre

9、at suggestion. But before _ is put forward, we ll make do with it. A. a good one B. a better one C. the best one D. a best one 答案： B. a better one 解析：本题考查形容词比较级。根据句义可知，现在已经有了一个建议，尽管不那么好，但是在未提出更好的建议之前，我们可以先勉强采纳现有的建议。短语make do with意为 “ 勉强对付，凑合着用” 。所以，本题将还未提出的建议与现有的建议进行对比，应该用形容词比较级a better one。译文：这可能并不

10、是一个好的建议。但是在提出更好的建议前，我们先勉强采纳它。10. It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. A. when B. that C. which D. what 答案： B. that 解析：本题考查强调句型It is/was that 。这句话的正常语序为Mr. Gross realized only after he had read the papers. 从句 the task b

11、efore him was extremely difficult to complete是动词 realized的宾语。本题的题干是一个强调句，强调时间状语only after he had read the papers。所以答案为B. that。译文：就当Gross先生阅读完那些文件后，他才发现他面临的这个任务极难完成。11. A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics. A. against B. before C. beyond D. without 精选学习资料 - - - - -

12、 - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 18 页答案： D. without 解析：介词辨析题。against prep. 反对，违反；before prep. 在 之前，先于；beyond prep. 超过；越过；without prep. 没有；在 外面；译文：不掌握一定的数学知识是没有办法对物理学进行系统地研究的。12. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital. A. can be the patients treated B.

13、can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients 答案： B. can the patients be treated 解析：本题考查倒装句。Only位于句首修饰状语需要部分倒装，即将助动词放于主语之前。译文：只有将医生的数量提高50% ，这个医院的病人才能被完全地治疗。13. Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and _ break for cheese, chocolate a

14、nd tea with sugar. A. a ； a B. the；the 不填； the D.a；不填答案： A. a ；a 解析：本题考查冠词的用法。前一空 a 表示一个，相当于one ，并且 four and a half hours四个半小时，固定搭配；后一空a 表达一次。译文：我们进行了长达四个半小时的讨论直到午夜。中间休息时吃了一些乳酪、巧克力，喝了加糖的茶水。14. Its an either-or situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do _. A. othe

15、rs B. either C. another D. both 答案： D. both 解析：本题考查不定代词。others pron. 其他人或事；either pron. （两者中）任一；精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 18 页another pron. 再一个；另一个；both pron. 双方都；两者都；根据句义，前半句“ Its an either-or situation” 已经指出这是一个二选一的情况，即意味着后半句的选择中只能选一，而不能两项都选择。译文：我们只能二选一要么我们今年买一辆新车，要么我们去度

16、假，但是我们不能两项都做。15. Are you sure you won t come for a drink with us? _, if you insist. A. Not at all B. It depends C. All right then D. I don t care 答案： C. All right then 解析：本题考查日常用语。Not at all. 一点也不；别客气。It depends. 看情况而定。All right then. 那么好吧。I don t care. 我不在乎。译文： “ 你确定不和我们一起去喝一杯吗？”“ 那好吧，如果你坚持的话。”第二节完

17、形填空（共 20 小题：每小题1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts, but people in the streets 16 him, especially those who are 17 . For those people, he is Gloves Greenberg. How did he get that

18、 18 ? He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱 ). But hes 19 . His briefcase always has some gloves. In winter, Mr . Greenberg does not 20 like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and 21 the street. He looks around at 22 . He stops when he 23 someone

19、with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he 24 , looking for more people with cold 25 . On winter days, Mr. Greenberg 26 gloves. During the rest of the year, he 27 gloves. People who have heard about him 28 him gloves, and he has many in his apartment. Mr. Greenberg 29 doing this 21 years ago.

20、Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and 30 his behavior. But people who dont know him are sometimes 31 him. They dont realize that he just wants to make them 32 . It runs in the 33 . Michaels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the 34 . A pa

21、ir of gloves may be a 35 thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 18 页16. A. know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after 17. A. old B. busy C. kind D. poor 18. A. job B. name C. chance D. message 19. A. calm B. different C. crazy

22、 D. curious 20. A. act B. sound C. feel D. dress 21. A. cross over B. drive along C. hurry down D. keep off 22. A. cars B. people C. street numbers D. traffic lights 23. A. helps B .chooses C. greets D. sees 24. A. holds up B. hangs out C. moves on D. turns around 25. A. hands B. ears C. faces D. ey

23、es 26. A. searches for B. stores up C. gives away D. puts on 27. A. borrows B. sells C. returns D. buys 28. A. call B. send C. lend D. show 29. A. delayed B. remembered C. began D. enjoyed 30. A. understand B. dislike C. study D. excuse 31. A. sorry for B. satisfied with C. proud of D. surprised by

24、32. A. smart B. rich C. special D. happy 33. A. city B. family C. neighborhood D. company 34. A. honor B. pain C. same D. cold 35. A. small B. useful C. delightful D. comforting 总评：这是一篇讲述人物事迹的记叙文，主要内容是介绍一位名叫Michael Greenberg的纽约人在冬天的时候会为穷人发手套，并因此为人熟知。文章整体难度不大。前两段引入人物的介绍，其次叙述了他具体是如何帮助穷人、为他们送手套的，最后交待了他

25、这么做是因为受到家庭的影响，他相信帮助穷人自己也会感受到快乐。16. 答案： A. know about 【解析】考查短语辨析。know about“ 知道，了解 ” ；learn from“ 向 学习 ” ；cheer for“ 为欢呼 ” ；look after“ 寻找 ” 。根据上文可知Michael Greenberg是个很出名的纽约人，他不是体育或者艺术名人，但是街上的人都认识他。know about “ 知道，了解 ” 符合文意，因此正确答案为 B。17. 答案： D. poor 【解析】考查上下文理解。根据文章下文的内容，Michael Greenberg一直是在帮助穷人，为他们

26、送去手套，所以poor “ 穷困的 ” 符合文意，因此正确答案为D。18. 答案： B. name 【解析】考查上下文理解。前一句中“ 对那些人来说，他是 手套 Greenberg” ，所以这一句问的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 18 页是他是怎么得到这个称号的，name “ 名称 ” 符合文意。因此正确答案为B。19. 答案： B. different 【解析】考查上下文理解。上文说“ 他看上去跟其他商人一样，穿西装拎公文包” ，在 but转折之后，后一句说“ 他的公文包里总有几双手套” ，说明是跟其他人不一样，di

27、fferent“ 不同的 ” 符合文意。因此正确答案为B。20. 答案： A. act 【解析】考查上下文理解。act “ 表现，行动 ” ；sound “ 听起来 ” ；feel “ 感受 ” ；dress “ 穿着 ” 。下文中具体描绘了一些行为，所以act 符合文意。因此正确答案为A。21. 答案： C. hurry down 【解析】考查词组辨析。cross over“ 穿过 ” ；drive along“ 沿着 行驶 ” ； hurry down“ 沿着 匆忙走 ” ；keep off “ 远离 ”。根据上下文的描述，其他的纽约人都是看着人行道，行色匆匆地走，所以hurry down

28、“ 沿着 匆忙走 ” 符合文意。因此正确答案为C。22. 答案： B. people 【解析】考查上下文理解。上文中说其他纽约人都是看着人行道，而Greenberg先生则不一样，下文又提到了他会给人手套，所以他看的应该是people “ 人” 。因此正确答案为B。23. 答案： D. sees 【解析】考查上下文理解。上文中说他看着四周的人，所以横线所在的句子应该是当他看到有人没有手套的时候就会停下来，横线处应该用see 表示看见。因此正确答案为D。24. 答案： C. moves on 【解析】考查词组辨析。hold up“ 举起，阻挡 ” ；hang out“ 挂出，闲逛 ” ；move

29、on“ 继续前进 ” ；turn around“ 转身 ” 。根据上下文的意思，他在帮助了别人之后应该是继续前进，寻找更多没有手套的人。 move on“ 继续前进 ” 符合文意。因此正确答案为C。25. 答案： A. hands 【解析】 考查上下文理解。 根据上下文， Greenberg是给没有手套的人送手套，所以说的是手冷，而不是其他部位。hands “ 手” 符合文意。因此正确答案为A。26. 答案： C. gives away 【解析】考查词组辨析。 search for“ 搜寻 ” ； store up“ 贮存 ” ； give away“ 赠送，分发 ” ； put on“ 穿上

30、” 。根据上下文，在冬天，Greenberg先生是赠送手套，give away符合文意。因此正确答案为 C。27. 答案： D. buys 【解析】考查上下文理解。上文说他在冬天送手套，所以在别的时候，他去买手套更加合理，因为要保证冬天有送出去的手套，他就需要拥有足够多的手套，所以排除 sell “ 卖” 和 return“ 归还 ” ，而因为手套是送出去的，不会收回来，所以也不可能是borrow“ 借 ” ，buy “ 买” 符合文意。因此正确答案为D。28. 答案： B. send 【解析】考查上下文理解。后一句说他现在公寓里有很多手套，说明听说过他的人们是给他送手精选学习资料 - - -

31、 - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 18 页套， send “ 寄送 ” 符合文意。因此正确答案为B。29. 答案： C. began 【解析】考查上下文理解。句子是一般过去式，所以说明的是一个发生在过去的动作，根据文章意思，他是从 21 年前开始做这件事的，began “ 开始 ” 符合文意。因此正确答案为C。30. 答案： A. understand 【解析】考查上下文理解。根据上下文，横线句子的意思应该是许多纽约的穷人认识他，而且理解他的行为，understand符合文意， dislike “ 讨厌 ” ，study “ 学习 ” ，excu

32、se “ 原谅 ” 都不符合文意。因此正确答案为A。31. 答案： D. surprised by 【解析】考查短语辨析。sorry for “ 为 感到抱歉 ” ；satisfied with “ 对 感到满意 ” ；proud of “ 为 感到骄傲 ” ；surprised by“ 因为 而吃惊 ” 。根据上下文，认识他的人理解他的行为，而不认识他的人有时候会很惊讶，所以surprised by符合文意。因此正确答案为D。32. 答案： D. happy 【解析】考查上下文理解。下文中提到了帮助穷人会让每个人都更开心幸福，所以横线处的意思是说，他们（不认识他的人们）没有意识到，他只是想让

33、他们开心。所以happy符合文意。因此正确答案为D 。33. 答案： B. family 【解析】 考查上下文理解。下文中提到了他的父亲，所以可以判断横线处说的是家庭family，run in the family是习惯表达，意为“ 为一家人所共有，世代相传” 。因此正确答案为B。34. 答案： C. same 【解析】考查上下文理解。这句话说明了Michael Greenberg做好事的原因，根据上文中的It runs in the family.和他父亲相信帮助穷人能让每个人都更幸福，可以理解他也有同样的感受，same符合文意。因此正确答案为C。35. 答案： A. small 【解析】考

34、查上下文理解。下文用but 表示转折，并且提到了make a big difference“ 有很大的影响 ” ，说明横线处应该是与big 形成对比的， small符合文意，表示一双手套虽小，但却能在冬天派上很大的用场。因此正确答案为A。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、 C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They dont listen because they already kno

35、w it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -

36、- - - - -第 8 页，共 18 页crew resource management (机组资源管理 )，or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions. I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather

37、. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot, He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架）down, unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and

38、said, “ We need to put the landing gear down now!” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I ve used it in the operating room ever since. CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesnt o

39、verreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when Im in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from landing gear up. 36. What do

40、es the author say about doctors in general? A. They like flying by themselves. B. They are unwilling to take advice. C. They pretend to be good pilots. D. They are quick learners of CRM. 37. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when _. A. he saved the plane by speaking up B. he

41、was in charge of a flying task C. his boss landed the plane too late D. his boss operated on a patient 38. In the last paragraph “ landing gear up” probably means A. following flying requirements B. overreacting to different opinions C. listening to what fellow doctors say D. making a mistake that m

42、ay cost lives 39. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 18 页B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor C. The Making of a Good Pilot D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor 36. 答案： B 【解析】信息推断题。题目问的是作者对普通医生（docto

43、rs in general）的看法。从文中第一段的第一、二句“ Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They dont listen because they already know it all.可知，作者认为医生一般都不愿意听取意见，所以答案选B。37. 答案： A 【解析】信息推断题。题目问的是作者在什么时候加深了对CRM的作用的认识。文中第二段句首提到 “ I first read about CRM in 1980.” 这是作者首次接触CRM ，此后不久，在一次飞行事故中， 作者的老板在操作飞机降落时忘记把起落架放下来，这时作者向老板提

44、出“ 我们现在需要把起落架放下来 ” ，从而拯救了机组成员。这个事件让作者对CRM 有了更深刻的认识，所以答案选A。B 项错误，因为作者并不是这次飞行任务的负责人；C 项“ 他的老板使飞机降落时已太迟了” ；D 项“ 他的老板在给一个病人做手术” ，均不符合题意。38. 答案： D 【解析】语义推断题。 “ landing gear” 在文中给出了中文释义，意为 “ 起落架 ” ， “ landing gear up”意为 “ 把起落架收起来” ，结合该词组在文中出现的语境，可以知道在飞机降落时把起落架收起来是有生命危险的，所以keep me from landing gear up即让我避免

45、犯此类会带来生命危险的错误。39. 答案： B 【解析】主旨大意题。 文中第一段提到， “ but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon” ，在第二段中作者讲述了其在一起飞行事件中的经历和从中得到的教训：即不论职位高低，在必要的时候需要勇于发言，作者将这一经验应用到手术室中，在手术室中咨询他人的意见并鼓励他人发表意见，从而使他成为一个更好的医生，所以B 项正确。本文的重点并不是在讨论使飞行变得安全的CRM ，所以A 项错误；也不是在讲“ 如何才能造就一个好的飞行员” ，所以C 项错误； D项意为 “ 一个此前做过飞行员的医生” ，本文的主旨并不是

46、关于作者本人，而是在说医生要听取别人的意见，从而成为一个更好的医生。B In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War. It quickly attracted famous names suc

47、h as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团 ). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 18 页At the same time, the “ Fringe ” appeare

48、d as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years. Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities

49、of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh. Today the “ Fringe ” , once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,50

50、0 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big. A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round a