2013年高三英语被动语态复习.ppt

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1、 What is the Passive Voice? Online shopping _ (welcome)by most people due to various reasons.is welcomed 英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态被动语态(the Passive Voice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.（1）当我们不

2、知道谁是动作的执行者，）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。（2）当我们需要强调动作承受者而不是）当我们需要强调动作承受者而不是动作的执行者。动作的执行者。这本词典被保存完好这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的不需要说明是谁保存的) 。这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。 （强调书被发现而（强调书被发现而不是强调由谁发现）不是强调由谁发现） The dictionary is well kept. These book were found in the 1920s. the Structure

3、isbe+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 (be+V.P.P) We watched a film last night.I drink milk everyday.A film _. Milk _. Summary 一般现在时 am/ is /are +done 一般过去时 was/were +done (p.p)Present/ past simple(一般现在/过去时) was watched by us last nightis drunk by me everydaywill/ would be done新电脑下周将投入使用。The new computers_ next we

4、ek.那位老教授告诉我们他将被邀请开一个讲座。The ole professor told us that he _ (invite) to give a lecture .Present/ past future(一般将来时/ 过去将来时) will be usedwould be invitedam/ is /are being donewas/ were being done中国国家大剧院当时正在建设当中。The National Opera Building_ at that time. 他的自行车正在被修理。His bike _.Present/ past progressive (

5、现在进行时/过去进行时) was being builtis being mendedhas/ have been donehad been done这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。The problem has been well solved.昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。The milk had been sold out when I got to the supermarket last night. (现在完成时/过去完成时) 一般现在时一般现在时: be( am/are/is) + done( 过去分词过去分词)一般过去时一般过去时: be(was/ were) + do

6、ne一般将来时一般将来时: will be + done过去将来时过去将来时: would be + done现在进行时现在进行时: be( am/are/is)+ being+ done过去进行时:be(was/ were )+ being+ done现在完成时: have/ has+ been + done过去完成时:had + been + done情态动词的被动语态 can/may/should /must be done 1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The stude

7、nts clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5. His doctor made

8、 him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ tod

9、ay?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. We were given were given to us10.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.11.You must take this medicine three times a da

10、y.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can be mended must be taken（）（）make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.watch let make hear see notice感觉动词感觉动词(hear, see等等)、使役动词、使役动词(let, make等等)改被动语态改被动语态时要加上时要加上“to

11、” 。如：。如： I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen fall off the tree.1 1I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning.She in the morning.is usually heard sing English songs 2She makes her horse work all day. Her horse all day.3. My father allowed me to go out for a picnic. I out for a picnic.i

12、s made work was allowed go (2) see sb. doing sth. sb. be seen doing sth.I saw him playing football at that moment.He was seen playing football at that moment.hear / watch /keep 三，带有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态时,直接或间接宾语都可做主语,注意间接宾语前加 to或for. My mother bought me a new bike. =I was bought a new bike by my mother. = J

13、ack. A new bike was bought for me by my mother. Jack has given Tom a book. =A book has been given to Tom by=Tom has been given a book by Jack.We gave him some books. He Some books .was given some books (by us) were given him (by us) 3.注意注意:约翰打开了收音机。约翰打开了收音机。John turned on the radio.The radio was tur

14、ned on.奶奶照看我姐姐。奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandma takes care of my sister.My sister is taken care of by Grandma.注：注：动词短语变被动语态时,千万不要遗漏介词或千万不要遗漏介词或副词。副词。We must speak to old people politely.Old people must be spoken to politely.1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。不及物动词没有被动语态。 如：如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed

15、, fall, die, arrive, ,break out, appear, last, start等。等。 * Great changes have taken place in this city. * That bike doesnt belong to Mike. 2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have / fitI have a TV set.The coat fits me well.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】【正】Look at the blackboard，please 【误】【误】The blackboa

16、rd is looked at by you 4.系动词没有被动语态和进行时态系动词没有被动语态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。这条围巾摸上去很软。The fish tastes good.The scarf feels soft.4.某些动词表主语的性质时是不及物动词，不用某些动词表主语的性质时是不及物动词，不用被动语态。被动语态。这书很好卖。这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。这种布很好洗。The book sells well.This kind of cloth washes very well.这书卖完了。这书卖完了。The book is sold out.这块表需

17、要修理一下。这块表需要修理一下。The watch needs mending .=The watch needs to be mended. want/require/need doing=want/require/need to be required1A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It while we were on holiday. A. was taken care B. took care ofC. is taken care of D. was taken care of2. At the end of the meeting Miss

18、 Green two minutes to decide whether she should join the project or not. (2004) A.gave B. had given C. was given D. was giving3. Mr. Johnsons story by everyone who heard it.(2003) A. laughed at B. was laughed C. laughed D. was laughed at 二、请把下面句子改为被动语态1. They showed Jack carefully how to use it. Jac

19、k carefully how to use it. 2. They will hold the 31th Olympic Games in Brazil in 2016.The 31th Olympic Games in 2016. was showedwill be held in Brazil 3. They have sent her to the h o s p i t a l a l r e a d y . .4. They saw the boy playing basketball at 3:00 yesterday.The boy _ at 3:00 yesterday. S

20、he has been sent to the hospital already.was seen basketballThe bridge _ in three weeks. (finish)You can go out if your homework _(do) will be finished is doneThis is one of the things that _(see) that day. were seenWhen was PRC _(found)? was seenThis is th only one of the things that _(see) that da

21、y. foundedYou should get your shoes _(wash) washed练习：将下列主动语态改为被动语态句子。练习：将下列主动语态改为被动语态句子。1. The computer club held a writing competition(竞赛）.2. The fastest player finished the game in eight hours .A writing competition was held by the computer club.The game was finished by the fastest player in eight

22、 hours . 1.We took many photos.2.They use this room for playing table tennis.3.The bank built a park for them.Many photos were taken by us.This room is used for playing table tennis by them.A park was built for them by the bank. 1.Our school _in 2002.(开办)2.The young trees must_well.(照顾)3. _ this bui

23、lding_(建成)last year?4.The book _ _(写)by him last year.5. The bridge _ _(不建造)in1989.6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _ (举行) in Beijing in 2008.was openedbe looked afterWas built was writtenwasnt builtbe held用所给动词的正确形式填空：用所给动词的正确形式填空： 1) The bike _(fix) up by Xiao Ming yesterday. 2) Sunglasses _ (use) f

24、or protecting peoples eyes. 3) A picture _(put) up on the blackboard. 4) French_ (speak) in France. 5) Teenagers should _(allow) to choose their own clothes.was fixedare usedis putis spokenbe allowed练习一 请把下列的主动句变为被动句（注意时态的一致）1 He wrote an article last week.An article was written by him last week. 2

25、The people make history.History is made by people.3 Do people use Chinese only in China?Is Chinese used by people only in China?4 They didnt visit the city two years ago. The city wasnt visited by them two years ago.5 Where did you make them?Where were they made by you? 一 用适当的形式填空 1 History is _ by

26、the people. ( make) 2 He is often _ to do the work by the teacher. (ask) 3 The book _ by him last year. ( write ) 4 The radio _ last week. ( mend) 5 Some trees _ on the hill this spring. (plant) 6 A new subway _ (build) next year. 7 She _ (take) to the hospital already. 8 Thousands of satellites _ (

27、send) up into the space so far. 9 They said they _ (invite) to the party already. 10 The trains _( produce) in Zhuzhou. 11 Young trees should _(water) often.madeaskedwas writtenwas mendedhave been plantedwill be builthas been takenhave been senthad been invitedare producedbe wateredDid he finish the

28、 work yesterday?Were the books taken away by the girl?Did the girl take away the books?Was the window broken by Tom? _ Tom_ the window?Did breakWas the work finished by him yesterday？Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?Is talked by themDoesnt Bob clean the street every day?_ the street _ by Bob every day?Isnt cleanedHe told us to get to school early.Our parents ask us to stay at home at night. We were told to get to school early by him.We are asked to stay at home at night. -Did you go to the party?-No, I _(invite)wasnt invited