2022年英语语法练习分类汇编-动词和短语动词 .pdf

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1、高考英语总复习（五年高考）（三年联考）精品题库：第四章 语法练习分类汇编第五章动词和短语动词第一部分近年高考题荟萃高考题1. (09 安徽 23) Daniels family their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. A. are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying 答案D 2 (09 安徽 34) But for their help ， we the program in time. A. can not finish B. will not finis

2、h C. had not finished D. could not have finished 答案D 3. (09 北京 23) Scientists have many theories about how the universe _ into beingA. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come答案D4. (09 北京 30) When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we _ up , her voice had be

3、en full of life. A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. would hang答案C 5. (09 北京 32) John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _ with them to school. A. took B. had taken C. were takingD. would take6. (09 福建 22) Why does the Lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water . A

4、. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 答案D 解析考查动词时态， 语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water ，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。7. (09 福建 31) According to the literary review, Shakespeare his charities live t

5、hrough their language in his plays. A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes答案D 解析考查动词时态。题干是陈述一个客观真理，用一般现在时，选D。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 8(09 湖南 27) Would you please keep silent? The weather report and

6、 _I want to listen. A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast 答案B 解析考查时态和语态。句意为：请保持安静行吗? 我想听正在广播的天气报告。说话间正在发生的动作，应用进行时同时表示被动含义。故选B。9. (09 湖南 35) The food here is nice enough. My friend _ me a right place. A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was in

7、troducing 答案B 解析考查时态的用法。句意为： 这里的食物不错。 我的朋友介绍给我一个正确的地方。表示过去的行为。10. (09 江西 28) At present, one of the apartments in favor of the new airport _ that it will goinga lot jobs to the area.A. is B. are C. will be D. were答案A 解析本题考查时态的用法。根据at present =now 可知，应用一般现在时。11. (09 江西 29) What is the price of petrol

8、 these days Oh, it _ sharply since last month.A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased答案B 解析本题考查时态的用法。根据 since last month 可知应用现在完成时。12. (09 江西 31) Do you want a lift home? It s very kind of you, but I have a much late in the office. I overslept this morning because my morning clock _.

9、A. doesn t go off B. won t gone C. wasn t going off D. didn t go on答案D 解析本题考查时态的用法。根据I overslept this morning 可知应用一般过去时。13. (09 海南 26) His sister left home in 1998, and since. A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of 答案B 解析句意为：他的妹妹在1998 年离开家，自从那时就没有音讯

10、了。用现在完成时的否定结构。14. (09 海南 29) Edward, you play so well. But I you played the piano. A. didn t know B. hadn t knownC. don t know D. haven t known答案A 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 解析句意为：爱德华,你打得好。但我不知道你弹钢琴。所谈论的是指过去行为

11、，故用过去式。15. (09 山东 25) The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been答案C 解析本题考查主谓一致和时态，主语是the number 故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是 since 1997 所以用完成时态。16. (09 山东 34) I was out of town at the time, so I don t know exactly how it _. A.

12、 was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened答案B 解析本题考查具体语境中的时态，后一句隐藏的时间状语是at the time. 17. (09 陕西 7) Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to 答案A解析考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是Dr. Smith，表单数，谓语动词用单数形式；时间状

13、语是this summer，表计划性的将来，故时态用一般将来时，选A。18. (09 陕西 9) This is the first time went a film in the cinema together as a family. A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen答案D解析考查动词时态。the+序数词 +time 引导的时间状语从句中动词时态用完成时，有参照动词 is 可知此处用现在完成时，选D。19. (09 四川 15) Why don t we choose that road to save time?The bridge to it

14、 _.A. has repaired B. is repairedC. is being repaired D. will be repaired答案C解析考查时态和语态。 根据语境可知不走另一条路的原因是因为桥正在被修。所以用现在进行时的被动形式作为该题的答案。20. (09 四川 18) You speak very good French! Thanks. I _ French in Sichuan University for four years.A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied答案A解析考查时态。 我在四川大学学过

15、4 年法语是指过去发生过的事情，所以谓语动词用一般过去时，该题由于有for four years. 造成一部分学生做出错误的选择，而选择了D。21 (09 浙江 20) What do you think of the movie? It s fantastic. The only pity is that I _ the beginning of it.A Missed B. had missed C. miss D. would miss 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - -

16、 - - - - - 第 3 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 答案A22. (09 重庆 23) She stared at the painting, wondering where she _it. A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen答案D23. (09 重庆 28) I ve got to go now. Must you? I_you could stay for dinner with us. A. think B. thoughtC. have thought D. am thinking答案B24. (09 全国 8

17、) Progress so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be 答案C 2008 年高考题1.(08 全国 22) Pears and apples ，A.I know B.I think C.I see D.I feel 答案B 解析考查 I think“我认为，我想 ” 的用法，可放于句前或句末。2.(08 全国 23) The performance nearly three hours，but few

18、 people left the theatre early. A.covered B.reached C.played D.lasted 答案D 解析考查动词的用法及与句意的结合。last 意为 “ 持续 ” 。3.(08 全国 34) After studying in a medical college for five years，Jane her job as a doctor in the A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up 答案C 解析考查动词短语辨析。take up 为“ 从事，做 ” 的意思。4.(08 全国 9) What ar

19、e you reading， I m not really reading ，just the paA.turning off C.turning over D.turning up 答案C 解析本题考查 turn 构成的动词短语。第二句句意为：我没在真正看书，我只是在翻书。turn over 翻过一页书 (纸)，符合句意。 turn off 关闭； turn around 完成； 提供； 生产出； turn up 调大；出现；发生。5.(08 全国 18) 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - -

20、 - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - Little Johnny felt the bag ，curious to know what it A.collected B.contained C.loaded D.saved 答案B 解析句意为：小约翰尼摸着袋子，非常好奇地想知道里面装着什么东西。contain 包含，含有； collect 搜集 ;整理； load 装载； save 挽救。6.(08 天津 7) The meal over， the managers went back to the meeting room to

21、A.put away C.look over D.carry on 答案D 解析put away 收好，放好；take down 写下，记下； look over 从 上面看；察看，检查； carry on 继续。句意为：吃完饭，经理们回到会议室继续讨论。7.(08 天津 13) Her shoes A.suit B.fit C.compare D.match 答案D 解析句意为：她的鞋和衣服很搭配，二者搭配看起来很不错。suit 指时间、口味等合乎需要； fit 指大小、尺寸合适；compare 比较，对照； match 指颜色、款式等的搭配。8.(08 安徽 28) No，it is A.

22、showing B.leaving C.giving D.sparing 答案C 解析give sb. a lot of trouble 给某人带来很多麻烦；leave sb. a lot of trouble 给某人留下很多麻烦。9.(08 安徽 35) Don t be so discouraged.If yousuch feelings，A.carry on C.break down D.put away 答案D 解析carry on 开展，进行； get back 取回，拿回； break down 分解，崩溃； put away 收拾起来。10.(08 江西 25) I it as

23、a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a A.make B.look C.take D.think 答案C 解析take.as.把 当作 /认为 ；另外， look on.as.和 think of.as. 也有此意。若用 A 项，需要把后面的as去掉。11.(08 湖北 23) Though having lived abroad for years ， many Chinese still the traditional A.perform B.possess C.o

24、bserve D.support 答案C 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 解析observe 在此句中意为“ 遵守，奉行（法律、协议或习俗等）” 。句意为：尽管在国外居住了这么多年，许多中国人仍然遵循着传统的风俗习惯。12.(08 湖北 24) As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine， we must send for an en

25、gineer to A.handle B.raise C.face D.present 答案A 解析句意为：因为这儿没有人知道机器出了什么故障，所以我们必须去请一位工程师来解决这个问题。handle 处理，解决；raise 抬高；饲养；养育；提出（问题等）；face面对，面临；present呈现；介绍；赠送。13.(08 湖北 25) The teacher stressed again that the students should not any important details while A.bring out C.leave out D.make out 答案C 解析句意为：老师

26、进一步强调让学生们在复述故事时不要漏掉任何重要的细节。bring out 阐述；使明白；let out 发出；泄露（秘密等） ；leave out 遗漏； make out 理解；辨认出。14.(08 湖北 26) In modern times ， people have to learn to all kinds of pressure although they are A.keep with C.meet with D.live with 答案D 解析句意为：在现代社会，人们尽管过着舒适的生活，但他们还得学会忍受各种各样的压力。 live with 在此意为 “ 忍受 ” 。15.(0

27、8 湖北 27) The present situation is very complex ， so I think it will take me some time to its A.make up C.look through D.put off 答案B 解析make up 组成；化妆；编造；figure out 理解 ;弄清楚； look through 浏览； put off推迟。句意为：目前的形势非常复杂，因此我认为要花费我一段时间来弄清楚它的真实性。16.(08 陕西 20) It s going to rain.Xiao Feng， will you please help

28、me A.get off B.get back C.get in D.get on 答案C 解析get off 下车；get back 回来； get in 收集，收获； get on 前进，进展。表示“ 收衣服” 要用 get in clothes。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 17.(08 四川 2) You have to A.decide B.get C.do D.make 答案D

29、解析句意为：你得做出抉择。你打算离开还是留下？make a choice 表示 “ 做出选择 ” 。decide 决定，后接不定式；get 得到； do 做。18.(08 四川 9) I used to quarrel a lot with my parents ， but now we fine. A.look out C.carry on D.get along 答案D 解析句意为：我以前同父母经常吵架，但现在相处得很好。look out (for.) 留神，小心（ ） ； stay up熬夜，挺住；carry on 继续 ;进行；get along well/fine/badly(wit

30、h.)跟 （ ）相处得好 /不好。19.(08 浙江 14) American Indians about five percent of the U.S.populatioA.fill up B.bring up C.make up D.set up 答案C 解析句意为： 美洲印第安人占美国人口的5%。fill up 填充； bring up 培养，抚养； make up 占据； set up 建立。20.(08 福建 29) A.Go on B.Hold on C.Move on D.Carry on 答案B 解析go on 继续； hold on 抓住不放 ;坚持； move on 继续

31、前进； carry on 继续进行。根据后句的I will go to your rescue可知，这里应是“ 坚持住；别松手” 。21.(08 辽宁 25) You have to be a fairly good speaker to A.hold B.make C.improve D.receive 答案A 解析hold one s interest 使某人保持兴趣。make 制造；做； improve 改善，提升； receive接收。22.(08 江苏 23) ，A.Hold up B.Hold on C.Hold out D.Hold off 答案B 解析hold on 意为 “

32、不要挂断，请等一会儿” ，符合句意，其余选项均不是打电话时的用语。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 23.(08 江苏 31) I m still working on my Oh，you ll miss the deadline.Time isA.running out C.giving out D.losing out 答案A 解析run out (时间、金钱等的)耗尽； give out

33、精疲力竭。由句意可知，A 项正确。24.(08 山东 28) The fact that she never apologized a lot about what kind of person she iA.says B.talks C.appears D.declares 答案A 解析say a lot about 为固定表达，意为“ 清楚地表明 ” 。句意为：她从不道歉这个事实就清楚地表明了她是一个什么样的人。25.(08 山东 29) Einstein liked Bose s paper so much that hehis own work and translated it in

34、to C.took over D.set aside 答案D 解析give off 发出（光、热等） ；turn down 调低；拒绝； take over 掌管，负责； set aside把 放在一边。由句意可知D 项正确。2004-07 年高考题A 组1.(07 全国 30) Does this meal cost $50? I A.prefer B.expect C.suggest D.suppose 答案B 解析本题考查动词辨析。prefer 更喜欢； expect 期待；估计 ;suggest建议；表明，暗示，suppose认为。 此处用 expect(期望，期盼 )表示 “ 原以为

35、这顿饭会更好一些” ，体现了说话者失望的心情。2.(07 全国 13) I have A.looked through C.looked after D.looked out 答案A 解析look through 浏览，仔细查看；look for 寻找； look after 照顾； look out 当心，注意。句意为：我查看了我所有的试卷，但我仍没找到我的笔记。根据句意答案为A 项。3.(07 上海 41) At minus 130 ， a living cell can be A.spared C.preserved D.developed 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - -

36、 - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 答案C 解析句意为：在零下130，一个活细胞可以保持一千年的时间。preserve保持，维持。4.(07 天津 5) Hardly could he A.get through C.get into D.get down 答案A 解析句意为： 在这么短的时间内他几乎不能做完这些工作。get through 做完； 通过；get off 动身 ;起飞；下班；下车；get into 进入；染上（习惯） ；陷入；

37、 get down 使沮丧；记下。5.(07 安徽 27) Of course I did. As a matter of fact ， I had such fun that time seemed to so B.go away C.go out D.go over 答案A 解析表示 “ 时间过去 ” 用 go by。6.(07 江西 22) Don t take too much of the me dicine; it does you more harm than good if you A.do B.take C.like D.have 答案A 解析本题考查 do 的用法。前文已出

38、现动词take，因此后文再次出现时用代动词do。7.(07 湖北 22) Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need A.grow C.become D.stay 答案D 解析四个选项后都可接形容词作表语，但 A、C 两项是表示动态变化的动词，不符合句意； appear意为 “ 看上去 ” ，也不符合句意；stay calm 保持镇静， stay 用作系动词， 意为 “ 保持（某种状态）” 。8.(07 浙江 7) Hard to A.kn

39、ow B.imagine C.realize D.find 答案B 解析考查动词的意思。 句意为： “ 看！他跑得那么快！ ”“很难想像他的腿从前断过。”know知道； imagine 想像； realize 意识到； find 找到，发现。9.(07 江苏 24) Have you A.come about C.come up with D.come out with 答案C 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 49 页 - - - - -

40、 - - - - 解析come about 发生； come into 进入 ;得到； come up with 想出； come out with 发表， 公布 ;说出。句意为：“ 你想出新的主意了吗？”“是的，我过会儿告诉你。”10.(07 山东 25) It s the sort of work thatA.calls for C.lies in D.stands for 答案A 解析call for 需要，需求；make up 弥补； lie in 在于； stand for 代表。句意为：就是这种工作需要高度集中注意力。11.(06 全国 22) We the last bus an

41、d did t have any money for taxi，A.reached B.lost C.missed D.caught 答案C 解析本题考查动词词义辨析。reach 到达； 延伸； lost 丢失， 失去； missed错过； caught抓住，赶上。句意为:我们错过了（未赶上）最后那班公交车，也没钱坐出租车，只好步行回家。12.(06 全国 27) Mike didn t play football yesterday because he hadA.damaged B.hurt C.hit D.struck 答案B 解析本题考查动词词义辨析。damage 指 “ 破坏，损坏

42、” ；hurt 伤害，使 受伤； hit击中，打中；strike 指击打，敲打。句意为:Mike 不能踢球是因为他的腿受伤了。故hurt符合要求。13.(06 全国 29) The water A.was felt B.is felt C.felt D.feels 答案C 解析本题考查系动词的用法。feel 作为系动词用时，其后常跟形容词作表语，指“ （东西）摸上去有某种感觉；给人某种感觉” 。如： Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸上去很柔软。此处指“ 水（给人的感觉）很凉爽” ，故 A、B 两项排除，不应用被动语态；由jumped 判断，此处应用一般过去式;故 C 项为正确答案。

43、14.(06 全国 15) Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself，but her parents did not her to A.forbid C.follow D.ask 答案B 解析句意为 :玛丽想独自环球旅行，可是她父母不允许她这样做。答案为B。15.(06 天津 6) We want to rent a bus which can A.load B.hold C.fill D.support 答案B 解析句意为 :我们想租一辆能容纳40 人的公共汽车到北京旅游。hold 有“ 容纳、包含 ”之意； which 引导

44、定语从句，先行词为bus，故不能用fill. 16.(06 天津 8) 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - Most of us know we should cut down on fat ，but knowing such things isn t much help when it A.refers to B.speaks of C.focuses on D.comes to 答案D 解析

45、when it comes to (doing) sth. 当涉及（做）某事的情况、事情或问题时；refer to 参考，提及； speak of 说起； focus on 注意，聚焦于。17.(06 辽宁 22) The computer system suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A.broke down B.broke out C.broke up D.broke in 答案A 解析break down （机器等）发生故障； （人）感情崩溃；break out（战争，灾难等）突然发生； b

46、reak up 分开；分解；结束。break in 强行进入；打断（谈话等） 。18.(06 浙江 8) We re trying to ring you back，Bryan，but we think we your number A.looked up C.worked out D.brought about 答案B 解析本题考查短语动词的用法。look up 查找； take down 记下 ;写下； work out 制订 ;算出； bring about 带来 ;产生 ;引起 ;导致。句意为：我们设法给你回电话，但我们认为我们记错了电话号码。19.(06 浙江 20) The ins

47、tructions A.go B.tell C.write D.say 答案D 解析本题考查动词的用法。句意为“ 我应该先做什么？” “ 说明书上说你应该首先把水和面粉仔细地搅拌好。” 表示 “ 东西上说或写着 时” 要用 say或 read， 如：The board says/reads，“ Keep off the grass.”牌子上写着： “ 勿踏草地。 ”20.(06 福建 28) She A.picked out C.made up D.picked up 答案D 解析本题考查动词短语的辨析。pick up 偶然、无意中学会 。21.(05 全国 14) Before buildi

48、ng a house ，you will have to the government s permission.A.get from B.follow C.receive D.ask for 答案D 解析句意为：建房子需请求政府的允许。get.from.从 得到 ；follow 遵循，依照 行事； receive 收到，此三项均不符合题意。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 49 页 - - - - - - - - - 22.(05 上海

49、 42) The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers to its stores. A.join B.attract C.stick D.transfer 答案B 解析句意为：为了把新的顾客吸引到店内，公司开始了一场新的广告战。join 参加；stick 粘，贴；固定在某处；transfer 转移；传给。23.(05 福建 27) The dictionary is being printed and it will soon . A.turn out C.start out D.go out 答案B

50、解析句意为：这本词典正在印刷，不久将出版。turn out 关掉；结果是；生产；start out出发；开始做某事；go out 外出 ;熄灭；过时。24.(05 湖南 26) I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson . A.cut in B.cut down C.cut out D.cut up 答案A 解析cut in 插话，打断别人的话；cut down 砍倒； cut out 剪掉，剪下； cut up 剁碎，砍碎。25.(05 湖北 35) This picture was taken a long time ago.I wonder