2022年高中英语完形填空技巧和方法 .pdf

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1、高中英语完形填空技巧和方法高考题是我们老师和同学的行动指南，好比在浩瀚的大海行进中的航船离不开的指示灯， 只有真正领悟高考题才能发现很多的技巧和方法，因为完形填空的设置是中国人而不是外国人， 他们是在一定的语言环境下来挖空的，按照一定的法则和规律来设题的。所以我们首先应该了解和充分分析高考题。( 04 年福建卷) 一个游客丢失了几卷已拍摄好了的胶卷，本也没有什么大不了的。 可这里的服务员就不这么看了，他们的服务又会怎样呢？请看：Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly. A gue

2、st _1_ out of our Polynesian Village resort( 度假胜地 )at Walt Disney was asked how she _2_ her visit. She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) _3_ vacation, but was heartbroken about _4_ several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet _5_. At that moment she was particularly _6_ over the loss o

3、f the pictures she had shot at our Polynesian Luau, _7_ this was a memory she especially treasured. 1Aworking Bchecking Ctrying Dstaying 2Aexpected Brealized Cpaid Denjoyed 3Adisappointing Bwonderful Cuncomfortable Dimportant 4Ataking Bdropping Closing Dbreaking 5Adeveloped Btaken C washed Dloaded 6

4、Asilly Bnervous C calm Dsad 7Awhen Bwhere Cas Dwhich 答案：解题分析1 B 词义比较固定搭配前后照应一个游客付帐离开旅馆时被询问情况。work out 算出(总数)，算出总数， 有预期的结果；check out 付帐离开旅馆 ; try out 试验, 考验, 提炼；stay out不在家 , 外出, 呆在户外 , 坚持到, 结束。2 D 词义比较逻辑推理被问到她对参观满意 (enjoy)与否。expect one s visit期待/盼望参观；realize ones visit 认识到参观； pay ones visit访问，参观； en

5、joy ones visit享受参观的乐趣，满意。3 B 前后照应词义比较逻辑推理她告诉说她度过了一个愉快的(wonderful)，而不是失望的 (disappointing)，不舒适的(uncomfortable)，重要的 (important)假期。注意后句中的but 的转折意义。4 C 词义比较逻辑推理常识运用但是客人伤心她丢失了 (losing)好几卷科达彩色胶卷。 take拿走, 取通常表示有意行为；drop 落下，下降，通常表示有意行为； lose 遗失, 浪费，表示无意行为；break 破裂，打破 , 违犯，通常表示有意行为。5 A 常识运用词义比较逻辑推理客人装 (load)在

6、相机拍摄 (take)好了却尚未冲洗(develop)的胶卷给丢失了。develop 显影；冲洗，通常指胶片等的冲洗；take 拿，取，拍摄； wash洗涤, 冲洗，通常指衣物等物件的清洗；load 装载, 装填。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 46 页6 D 词义比较逻辑推理常识运用客人对在该度假胜地拍摄的照片的失去肯定感到自己很蠢(silly)，紧张不安(nervous)，而特别地伤心 (sad)，不可能还镇定沉着 (calm)。silly 愚蠢的 , 无聊的；nervous 紧张的 , 不安的； calm 镇静的

7、, 沉着的； sad忧愁的 , 悲哀的。7 C 语句连贯因为(as) 客人把这次游览她特别珍惜的记忆。说明客人伤心的原因。Now, please understand that we have no written service rules _8_ lost photos in the park. _9_, the clerk at the front desk _10_ Disney s idea of caring for our _11_. She asked the woman to leave her a couple rolls of _12_ film, promising s

8、he would take care of the rest of our show at Polynesian Luau. 8Acovering Bfinding Cmaking Dkeeping 9AExcitedly BFortunately CTherefore DQuietly 10Aunderstood Breminded Ctrusted Ddiscovered 11Aworkers Bguests C managers Dclerks 12Aprinted Bshot Cunused Drecorded 答案解题分析8 A 词义比较常识运用很清楚公园没有书面制定包含游客在公园里

9、丢失照片在内的事情提供服务的规则cover包括, 包含, 适用； find 发现，找到；make制造，进行； keep保持，保存。9 B 前后照应逻辑推理词义比较客人很幸运 (fortunately)，得到了良好的服务。比较文章后文的内容。excitedly兴奋地； fortunately 幸运地； therefore 因此, 所以； quietly 平静地, 静静地 , 寂静地。10 A 词义比较逻辑推理前台 服 务 员 懂 得 (understand)应 该 对游 客 关 心 爱 护 的 迪 尼 斯 服 务 理 念。understand 懂得，了解，表示状态意义； remind 提醒, 使

10、想起；trust 信任, 信赖；discover 发现, 发觉。11 B 前后照应常识运用旅游地应该关心照顾游客 (guests)，而非其它工人 (workers)，经理(managers)，职员(clerks) 。12 C 词义比较逻辑推理她要游客留下一两卷未用过的(unused)胶卷以拍摄表演的其它内容， 而不是印刷好的(printed)，拍摄好的 (shot)，记录好的 (recorded)胶卷，并向她保证照顾好其它的表演内容。Two weeks later the guest received a _13_ at her home. In it were photos of all t

11、he actors of our show, _14_ signed by each performer. There were also _15_ of the public procession (游行队伍 ) and fireworks in the park, taken by the front-desk clerk in her own _16_ after work. I happened to know this _17_ because this guest wrote us a letter. She said that _18_ in her life had she r

12、eceived such good service from any business. 13Afilm Bcard Ccamera Dpacket 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 46 页14Afrequently Bpersonally C alone Dactually 15Arules Bpictures Chandbooks Dperformances 16Acase Bwork Ctime Dposition 17Astory Bplace Cphoto Dshow 18Aonly Balmost Cneve

13、r Dnearly 答案解题分析13 D 常识运用逻辑推理两周后，该游客收到了一个装有胶卷(film)， 也许还有名片 (card)， 照相机 (camera)的包裹 (packet)。14 B 常识运用逻辑推理词义比较包裹里是我们表演的演员的照片，并有每一个表演者的亲笔(personally)签名，而非他们的经常的 (frequently)，唯一的(alone)，实际的签名。 frequently 常常, 频繁地； personally 亲自；alone；actually 实际上, 事实上。15 B 逻辑推理常识运用同时还有公园里游行队伍和燃放烟花爆竹表演(performances)的照片

14、(pictures)，而不应该是规则 (rules)，手册 (handbooks)。16 C 逻辑推理词义比较这些照片自然是那前台服务员下班(work)后利用自己的休息时间 (time)拍摄的。case和 position 与文意不符。17 A 前后照应逻辑推理作者我碰巧知晓了包括照片(photo)， 这个公园地点 (place)和那个表演 (show)在内的整个的事情 (story)。18 C 逻辑推理语法规则她说在她一生中，从来没有(never)从任何事情中得到过这样好的服务。注意句子中的倒装结构，可以排除almost 和 nearly。only 与文意不符。Excellent _19_

15、does not come from policy (政策性的 )handbooks. It comes from people who _20_ and from a culture that encourages and models that attitude. 19Aadvice Bexperience Cquality Dservice 20Acare Bserve Clike Dknow 答案解题分析19 D 逻辑推理常识运用前后照应综合全文 ，也 许 有好的建 议 (advice)， 好的经验(experience)和 好的质 量(quality)，但良好的服务 (service

16、)不是来自于政策性的手册上的规定。20 A 词义辨析逻辑推理前后照应良好的服务来自于那些会关心，会护理(care)的有心人，来自于对那种姿态给予鼓励和学习的文化、 素养。care注意，照料 , 关心, 护理；serve服务，招待；like喜欢，爱好； know 知道，了解。二、 我们让同学们了解了高考题的特点和基本方法后，应该循序渐进的进行 “完形填空方法”的单句或某一段的挖空训练精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 46 页一、语法This autumn was the wettest since records began

17、 in the U.K. Floods _ large parts of the country. A. covered B. covered by C. covered with D. rushed away 二、语法+ 常识More and more factories pump CD2 into the air , and atmosphere across the world _. A. burns B. hot C. warm D. heats up 三、四个答案对比In Australia folds have covered an area the _ of the whole

18、of the Britain . A. width B. large C. length D. size 四、翻译 : The village of Yaluma _1_ in the mountains of Chipas , a province of Southern Mexica, _2_ people are many Indians. 1. A. lies B, place C. lays D. soon 2. A. Their B. Its C, Its D. ItsRock stars admirers (崇拜者 )who love rock music _1_ about b

19、illion dollars a year for records. They pay 150 million to _2_ rock stars in person (亲自). 1. A. take B. cost C. waste D. spend 2. A. meet B, interview C. call D, see 五、连接词They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. _ now they have an extra source of income ( 收入). A. But B. And

20、 C. However D. Therefore Rock stars admirers (崇拜者 )who love rock music spend about billion dollars a year for records. MR. In 1956, Mclean , _1_ wrote and sang “American Pie ” , _2_ he earns an additional two cents on every single _3_ of the song. 1. A. who B, he C. that D. as 2. A. and B, but C. so

21、 D. yet 3. A, copy B, record C. singing D. performance Many rock stars _1_ like Grace slick and Jefferson. Those performers return from a tour, pay their bells, and buy new toys. _2_ when they need money again , they do another tour. They save _3_ money and live from hand to mouth. 1. A. play B. liv

22、e C. perform D. behave 2. A. But B. Then C. And D, So 3. A. no B. much C. some D. plenty English people seem very quiet _ reserved ( 缄默的 ), usually. A. though B, and C, even D. but It was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -

23、 - - - - -第 4 页，共 46 页road. _ I was going along cheerfully. A. But B, And C, Otherwise D, Yet One evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a _1_ he heard footsteps behind him and he thought _2_ was coming near. He began to walk _3_. The footsteps became faste

24、r, too. He slowed down. The footsteps also _4_ down. 1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way 2. A. no one B. someone C. anyone D. everyone 3. A. slowly B, more slowly C, fast D, faster 4. A. put B. slowed C. became D. turned 六、词组与翻译In 1990 , leader of all big nations met in Japan and agreed to reduce

25、_1_ CD2 they put into the atmosphere. Ten years _2_, in Nov. 2000, they met again in Holland to assess ( 评估 ) the situation and decided what to do next. 1, A. many B. a number of C. the amount of D. a good many 2. A. after B. late C. later D. soon ,. But I was going along cheerfully, thinking about

26、the dinner I would eat when I _36_ to Salisbury. 36. A. reached B. arrived C. got D. led 七、比较四个答案 ,翻译文章Projects (工程)_1_ this go over under the name of “ Carbon Trading ”. The basic _2_ is that governments and companies can buy the _3_ to pump CD2 into the air by investing ( 投资 ) in green _4_ that6 t

27、akes it out again. 1. A. as B. like C. the same as D. except 2. A. fact B. meanings C. idea D. things 3. A. forests B. projects C. right D. debt 4, A, projects B. plants C. materials D. trees 八、前提示Young people are spending unbelievable sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _ stars ha

28、ve incomes between two million and six million dollars per year. A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movie Neil Young who performs _1_ torn blue jeans, sometimes sings to an audience of 10,000,each of whom has paid five dollars for a ticket. _2_ paying expenses, Young leaves with about $18,000 in his blue _3

29、_ at the end of an evening. 1. A. in B. with C. for D. on 2. A. Before B. Beside C. After D. Except 3. A. shirt B. trousers C. coat D. jeans 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 46 页九、抓住主要信息词 (本文的主体 -核心) ,比较四个答案 ,最后排除不可能的选项 . “It doesnt _1_,” said one of the older music millionaires,

30、 who made a million dollars a year when he was popular , in the 1950s. “performers arent worth this kind of money. In fact, _2_is.” A. make efforts B. make progress C. make sense D. make money A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody 十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）If we make a noise on the bus they look _ an

31、d uncomfortable . A. untouched B. worried C, moved D. excited Hellen was an old teacher with a warm smile and _eyes. A. bursting B. freezing C. friendly D. lively 十一、后暗示In this _1_, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real _2_. A. classroom B. mean

32、s C. university D. hall A. facts B. lessons C. adventures D. experiences He was sure that he was being followed. He tried to hide, _6_ the steps followed him. He didnt know _7_ to save himself6. A. Still B. Sometimes C. Often D. Seldom 7. A. when B. where C. why D. how 高考题是我们老师和同学的行动指南，好比在浩瀚的大海行进中的航

33、船离不开的指示灯，只有真正领悟高考题才能发现很多的技巧和方法，因为完形填空的设置是中国人而不是外国人， 他们是在一定的语言环境下来挖空的，按照一定的法则和规律来设题的。所以我们首先应该了解和充分分析高考题。分析北京高考题：文章的题目 Surfing：Its Not Just for Boys Any more明显地告诉我们，本文是关于女孩子对冲浪运动的看法， 而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点： 冲浪运动并不再是男孩子的专利！女孩子也能做，而且会有所成就。Surfing: Its Not Just for Boys Anymore If you asked high school girls to n

34、ame their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would _1_: surfing (冲浪运动 ). But isnt that a boy thing? Some people _2_. Most certainly not. I started surfing about five years ago and_3_in love with the sport on the very first day.

35、Riding that first _4_ was the best feeling I had ever experienced. When I try to _5_ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my _6_, theres nothing like it. It involves (牵涉到 ) body, _7_, and soul. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 46 页Theres sand between my

36、 toes and cool, salt water all _8_ us. The feeling I get when Im surfing across that _9_, becoming one with the_10_, is like I m weightless. 1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize 2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe 3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell 4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. b

37、oat 5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie 6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life 7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time 8. A. along B. above C. around D. by 9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake 10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean 答案1 B 前后照应逻辑推理词义比较如果你询问高中的女生们她们最喜欢的体育运动的名字，她们不是告诉(tell)，给予(give)

38、，意识到 (realize)，而是回答 (answer)你询问的问题。2 A 常识运用逻辑推理词义比较先看语境：前一句的意思是“但是它难道不是男孩子的事情吗?(意思是：这是男孩子的事情。 )” ；后一句的意思是“大多数人当然不, ” ，由社会的实际情况和这两句的意思可以判断出，只是有一部分人(不太多 )对此问题 (前一句 )不理解(understand)，不相信 (believe)，不能作出回答 (reply)，而纳闷、惊奇 (wonder)，持怀疑态度，而大多数人却肯定地认为：冲浪运动是男孩子的事情。3 D 固定搭配fallbe in love with, 爱上 , ，是固定结构，其它选项没

39、有这种搭配形式。4 A 常识运用因为文章是在谈论冲浪运动，冲上第一个浪(wave)去是我经历过的最佳感受，而不是暴风雨(storm)、航海 (sail)或船(boat)。5 C 固定搭配词义比较作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较(compare)。 connect with 连接, 联络， 将.连起来； compare with 与, 比较；tie up with 和, 联系一起；bring 带来，引起，通常不与 with 连用。6 D 逻辑推理常识运用作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活(life)的组成部分，她不仅仅只是在假期 (holiday)里冲浪，当然工作 (work)和学习 (study)

40、也不能耽误。in my life 是 “在我的生活中”。7 A 常识运用词义比较冲浪运动涉及到身体，智力、智慧(mind)和心灵、精神诸方面，这三个方面共同组成人的身心发展因素。8 C 常识运用逻辑推理在海洋里进行冲浪运动，身体的沿线(along)，上面(above)，旁边(by)，而是身体的四周 (around)都是凉爽的咸水。9 B 常识运用逻辑推理精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 46 页冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩 (beach)，有可能是在湖 (lake)里，但它主要还是脚踏冲浪板(board)在水(water)面上进

41、行。10 D 常识运用逻辑推理冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的，就有和海洋(ocean)融为一体的感觉。The one thing I can _11_ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge(挑战). You can never be the “best suffer” because the ocean _12_ an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonde

42、rful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive( 活跃有力的 ) and _13_. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it _14_ from any other sport. I ve _15_ to tell every girl I know to do something that people dont think girls can do. Its part of being human to advance to new _

43、16_, so shouldnt it be expected that girls should step up and start _17_ the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰)? Therere women _18_ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys _19_ the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a c

44、hance to _20_, and they will. 11. A. take B. get C. make D. keep 12. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects 13. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm 14. A. known B. right C. far D. different 15. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised 16. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts 17. A. reaching B.

45、 accepting C. pushing D. setting 18. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working 19. A. of B. from C. on D. with 20. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel 答案11 B 作者不是从其他运动， 而是从冲浪运动中获得 (get)了无止境的挑战的体会” 。再则， 前文 The feeling I get when Im surfing across that water ， becoming one with the ocean也有暗示。 ta

46、ke from 减少, 降低；get from 从, 得到；make from 由.制造； keep from 阻止, 隐瞒, 抑制。12 C 你永远也不会是最好的冲浪手，因为大洋呈现、提供(offer)的是任何人都控制不了的、数不尽的、 各种各样的海浪。 catch 抓住，捕获；include 包括，包含；offer提供； collect 收集，聚集。13 A 有些冲浪手自由自在、娴熟流畅，有些冲浪手则活跃有力、生机勃勃。注意这两个句子的并列关系，应该特别注意free 和 flowing 之间词义的顺承和协调“自由而流畅”，后句的 aggressive and_13_ 也应该是这样一种意义联

47、系， 故选择 A，sharp 可以表示“精明敏捷的，迅速活泼，有力有为”的意思，其它三项在意义精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 46 页上与 aggressive的顺承和协调相距甚远。14 D 所有的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪，并使之不同于(different)其他运动。注意此段第一句 The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge.也有所暗示。 (be) different from 和, 不同。(be)far

48、 from 远离, 远非；known 和 right 通常不与 from 搭配。15 B 我尽力 (try)地劝我所认识的每一个女孩去做人们认为女孩不能做的事情。choose选择、挑选； try 试图、努力； learn 学习； promise答应、许诺。16 A 朝着新的水平 (level)不断前进是人类活动的组成部分。level 水平，水准, 标准, 级别；point 点, 尖端； step步调, 步伐, 步骤, 措施； part 部分, 局部。17 C 所以女孩子们难道不应当应拾级而上，开始冲破(push)男人过去主宰的事物极限吗？reach 到达，伸出； accept 接受, 认可；

49、push 突出，突破攻击； set 放置，树立，调整。18 D 在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐(sit)，步行 (walk)，战斗 (fight)，而且并肩工作(work)着。同时注意句子的一般现在时意义特征，表示经常性的行为。19 C 所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起冲浪呢？介词on 表示“在 , 供职” 、 “(是), 的成员” ，on the football team 的意思是“是 /成为足球队队员”。20 B 给女孩子一个获得成功(succeed) 的机会，让她们思考(think) ，感觉 (feel)表演(perform)，她们就都会有所成就。二 、方

50、法指导与演练1、逻辑推理 . A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology ( 心理学 ) course spends every Saturday working with mentally ( 智力上 )_46_ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable ( 有价值的). Her _47_ are spent playing with the kids and _48_ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的 ) behavior. T