2017年度江苏地区高考英语试卷及其解析.doc

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1、.2017年江苏省高考英语试卷第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21（1分）Many Chinese brands，_their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market（）Ahaving developed Bbeing developedCdeveloped Ddeveloping22（1分）_ not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome h

2、er difficulty（）AIt were BWere it CIt was DWas it23（1分）Located_the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction（）Awhy BwhenCwhich Dwhere24（1分）The publication of Great Expectations，which _both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickensstatus as a lead

3、ing novelist（）AisBareCwasDwere25（1分）Working with the medical team in Africa has_the best in her as a doctor（）Aheld outBbrought outCpicked out Dgiven out26（1分）We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of_it used to charge（）Athat BWhich Cwhat Dhow27（1分）He hurried home

4、，never once looking back to see if he_（）Awas being followedBwas followingChad been followedDfollowed28（1分）In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of_purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation（）Awhich BitsCwhoseDwhom29（1分）Only five years after Steve Jobs death，smartphones defeated _PCs in

5、 sales（）AcontroversialBcontradictoryCconfidentialDconventional30（1分）A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _your year ahead（）AShape BswitchCstretchDsharpen31（1分）Hes been informed that he _for the scholarship because of his academic background（）Ahasnt qualifiedBhadnt qu

6、alifiedCdoesnt qualifyDwasnt qualifying32（1分）Determining where we are _our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival（）Ain contrast toBin defense ofCin face of Din relation to33（1分）What does the stuff on your Tshirt mean？（）Its nothingJust something _Aas clear as dayBoff the top of my h

7、eadCunder my noseDbeyond my wildest dreams34（1分）The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidentsBut _explanations are hard to find（）Aalternative Baggressive CambiguousDapparent35（1分）Going to watch the Womens Volleyball Match on Wednesday？_!Will you go with me？（）AYou

8、 there BYou betCYou got meDYou know better第二节：完形填空（满分20分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑36（20分）For a long time Gabriel didnt want to be involved in music at allIn his first years of high school，Gabriel would look pityingly at music students，（36） across the campus with their heavy in

9、strument cases（37） at school for practice hours（38） anyone else had to be thereHe swore to himself to （39） music，as he hated getting to school extra early （40） ，one day，in the music class that was （41） of his schools standard curriculum，he was playing idly （随意地）on the piano and found it （42） to pick

10、 out tunesWith a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually （43） doing itHe tried to hide his （44） pleasure from the music teather，who had （45） over to listenHe might not have done this particularly well，（46） the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good（47） and suggested that Gabriel go into the mu

11、sin storeroom ti see if any of the instruments there（48） himThere he decided to give the cello（大提琴）a（49） When he began practicing，he took it very （50） But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrurnent，and was （51） to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably

12、 well This（52） ，of course，that he arrived at school early in the morning，（53） his heavy instrument case across the campus to the（54） looks of the nonmusicians he had left（55） 36AtravellingBmarchingCpacingDstruggling37Arising upBcoming upCdriving upDturning up38AbeforeBafterCuntilDsince39AbetrayBacce

13、ptCavoidDappreciate40AThereforeBHoweverCThusDMoreover41ApartBnatureCbasisDspirit42AcomplicatedBsafeCconfusingDeasy43AmissedBdislikedCenjoyedDdenied44AtransparentBobviousCfalseDsimilar45ArunBjoggedCjumpedDwandered46AbecauseBbutCthoughDso47AearBtasteCheartDvoice48Aoccurred toBtook toCappealed toDheld

14、to49AchangeBchanceCmissionDfunction50AseriouslyBproudlyCcasuallyDadmitted51AcommittedBusedClimitedDadmitted52AprovedBshowedCstressedDmeant53ApushingBdraggingCliftingDrushing54AadmiringBpityingCannoyingDteasing55AoverBasideCbehindDout第三部分：阅读理解（满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑56（

15、4分）ACHRONOLOGICAThe Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOWIn 105 AD paper was invented in China? When Columbus discovered the New World?The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet. Alon

16、g the way are tales of kings and queens, hot air balloonsand monkeys in space.Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasnt always as good as it sounds, how the Hundred Years War didnt actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval

17、 holds a rather unfortunate record. CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an accou

18、nt of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!56What is CHRONOLOGICA ac

19、cording to the text？ AA biographyBA travel guideCA history bookDA science fiction57How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers？ ABy giving details of its collectionBBy introducing some of its contentsCBy telling stories at the beginningDBy comparing it with other books58 （6分） B Before birt

20、h, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to embryonic learning (胎 教), birds could rule the roost. As recently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Advances, some mother birds may t

21、each their young to sing even before they hatch (孵化). New-born chicks can then imitate their moms call within a few days of entering the world. This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia, and her colleagues. Female A

22、ustralian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs. When the eggs were hatched, the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothersa sound that served as their regular “feed me!” call.To find out if the special quality was more widespread in

23、birds, the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren, another species of Australian songbird. First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatching. Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes. A computer analysis bli

24、ndly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks, ranking them by similarity.It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs, the more similar were the babies begging calls. In addition, the team set up a

25、separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded with the most food.This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological (神经系统的) strengths of children to parents. An evolutionary inference can then be drawn

26、. “As a parent, do you invest in quality children, or do you invest in children that are in need?” Kleindorfer asks. “Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”58The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means Abe the worst Bbe the bestCbe the as bad Dbe just as good59What are Kleindorfer

27、s findings based on？ ASimilarities between the calls moms and chicksBThe observation of fairy wrens across AustraliaCThe data collected from Queenslands localsDControlled experiments on wrens and other birds60Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which Acan receive quality

28、 signalsBare in need of trainingCfit the environment betterDmake the loudest call61（8分） CA new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry,urging antitrust（反垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now simila

29、r concerns ares being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants succe

30、ss has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data. And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too. B

31、ut there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new servic

32、es: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “Gods eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firm

33、s like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st

34、century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buy

35、ing a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could b

36、e forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if governments dont wants a data economy by a few giants, they mus

37、t act soon. 61Why is there a call to break up giants？ AThey have controlled the data marketBThey collect enormous private dataCThey no longer provide free servicesDThey dismissed some newborn giants62What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate？ AData giants technology is very expe

38、nsiveBGoogles idea is popular among data firmsCData can strengthen giants controlling positionDData can be turned into new services or products63By paying attention to firms data assets，antitrust regulators could Akill a new threatBavoid the size trapCfavour bigger firmsDcharge higher prices64What i

39、s the purpose of loosening the giants control of data？ ABig companies could relieve data security pressureBGovernments could relieve their financial pressureCConsumers could better protect their privacyDSmall companies could get more opportunities65（12分）DOld Problem, New ApproachesWhile clean energy

40、 is increasingly used in our daily life, global warning will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions（排放）peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of cli

41、mate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least, the US National Climate Assessment says that: “Th

42、ere is no one-size fits all adaptation.” Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost. Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan

43、saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity（连体） to replace flooded r

44、oads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds prevent starvation during the wet season.Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in Indi

45、a, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphels inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when

46、it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200, 000m3 of water. Climate change is a co