2022年形容词的比较级 .pdf
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1、学习必备欢迎下载adj 的比较级和最高级的用法*形容词比较级和最高级的构成1.规则形式构成方法原极比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词+er/ +est quiet-quieter-quietest bright-brighter-brightest clever-cleverer-cleverest cold-colder-coldest, clean 不发音 e 结尾,加+ r/ +st fine-finer finest nice-nicer-nicest close-closer-closest white-whiter-whitest large-larger-largest cute
2、 late wide brave 重 读 闭 音 节 单词,双写结尾辅音 字 母 , 再 加-er,-est hot-hotter-hottest wet-wetter-wettest fat-fatter-fattest thin-thinner-thinnest big-bigger-biggest slim-slimmer-slimmest sad-sadder-saddest red-redderreddest mad-madder 辅音字母+y 结尾的词,改y 为i,再加 er/est。easy-easier-easiest heavy tidy empty busy sunny d
3、ry cloudy snowy rainy windy tasty funny happy lucky healthy friendly early, pretty, happy lazy early 多音节词和部分双音节词词前加more 和most. beautiful-more beautiful-the most beautiful interesting, delicious, careful, exciting, important necessary difficult 2. 不规则形式good /well better best(两)好bad /badly/ill worsewo
4、rst 坏/病many /much moremost(两)多little lessleast fewfewer fewest 少far farther farthest (距离远)old olderoldest (年长的)远furtherfurthest (程度深)老eldereldest (资格老的*形容词比较级和最高级的用法1. 表示同级比较, 用“as+形容词原级 as”; “not as(so)+形容词原级 as” 2. 表示两者的比较 ,用“ 形容词的比较级 than.”There are fewer hours of sunlight in winter than in summe
5、r. He is slimmer than I . She plays ping-pong better than I (do). (与主句相同的部分通常省略)3. 表示两者中较 /更的一个, 用 the+ 比较级 ,而且还用 of the two, of the pair 短语:John is the cleverer of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the cleverer. The larger one of the two is my hometown. I have two sons, the fatter one is Max.
6、4.比较级前用 much, far, a lot, a bit, a little ,even, still, any 来修饰 。表“ . 得多 ” , “甚至. ”, “.一些 ” 。”This room is much brighter than that one. I m spending a lot more time on English than before.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 18 页学习必备欢迎下载5.倍数的表示 ,倍数 as+ 原极+asBeijing is ten times as bi
7、g as my hometown. This room is twice as big as mine. 6. 用“ 比较级 +and+比较级 ” 的结构,译为 “ 越来越 ”The weather is getting colder and colder. The city is becoming more and more beautiful. 7. 用“the+ 比较级, the +比较级 ” 的结构,译为 “ 越( 就)越 =if 从句The higher the ground, the cooler the air. The more , the better The harder
8、you work, the more successful you will be 8. 前后比较对象要一致 . My news is more exciting than yours The climate of Kunming is better than that of Beijing.( )The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Tianjin. 比较对象是可数复数 .than those/the ones. 可数单数 . than that / the one. 不可数名词.than that 9.两者之间选择比较 ,用Wh
9、ich is + 比较级 ,A or B ? eg:Which is heavier, an elephant or a pig? 10. 表示两者以上的比较 ,用“the+ 形容词最高级 .of (in, among).”或(that) I have ever done/seen This is the happiest day in my life. Mary is the best singer in our class. This is the most difficult homework (that) I have ever done. in+团体/范围/项目。如 in China
10、, in the world., in my class,in the competition among/of+参加比较的对象 , 即个体名词复数形式。 of/among them(three) Of all the movies, I think this is the worst. Among them, Changsha is the nearest city to Guangzhou. 11. the +adj最高级,有 my/Tom s 等时,省略 the. his ninth/ happiest birthday Tom s best friend12. “one of the+
11、最高级 ” 表示“ 最之一” ,形容词后的名词用复数形式。Mr. Green is one of the most popular teacher s in our school. 13. The+序数词 +最高级: “ 第几最 .”Huanghe River is the second longest river in China. He is the third tallest boy in Class One. 14. a/an+最高级 , 表示“ 非常 ” 的意思It is a most important question. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳
12、总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 18 页学习必备欢迎下载16.用比较级表示最高级。同一范围用:than any other +n的单数;than the other +n 复数He is taller than any other student in his class He is taller than the other students in his class. =He is the tallest student in his class. He is tall than any of the other students in. 不是同一范围时找无other的选项
13、Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan 17less/least+adj A is less careful than B-B is more careful than A A is less expensive than B-A is cheaper than B-B is more expensive than A. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 18 页学习必备欢迎下载定语
14、从句1.定语从句 :在复合句中 ,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词 ,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面. e.g: Chen Guang Biao is the man who/that raises money to build schools. We should remember those days that/which we spent during the Olympic Games. 有时,先行词与从句不是紧挨着。E.g:He sent a message to me which said he was busy 2.关系词 : 引导定语从句的关联词
15、称为.,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。3.关系代词作用:引导从句。代替主句中的先行词。在定语从句中充当一个句子成分,做宾语时可以省去。4.关系代词 : that(人 /物), which (物), who(人), whom(人,宾格), whose (所有格), as 等,没有 what;关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语(可以省去 ),表语,定语等. It is about a man who/that falls in love with a woman when he travels on a ship. The place that/which you were born in is San
16、Francisco. The person who/that took him abroad when youre young was his uncle.Is the piano you are playing bought at the high price? 5.关系副词 : where, when, why 等。在从句中作地点状语where=in/ at/ on/ . which,时间状语 when=during/ on/ in/ . which , 原因状语 why=for which等。I still remember the room where I was born. I ha
17、ve to make marks in places where I have questions. Do you remember the afternoon when we met for the first time? 6.注意点:1).先行词不能重复the book . This is the right book which Mr LI is looking for it. 2).关系词在从句中做主语时,从句中谓语动词的单复数要视先行词的单复而定。I hate people who talk too much but do little. I hate the man who tal
18、ks too much but does little. He is one of the teenagers who / that are interested in flying. 7. 关系代词用 that 的情况。1).先行词是 all, much, little, few, anything, everything, nothing , none, the one 等不定代词时。Is there anything (that )you want to buy in the shop ?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页
19、,共 18 页学习必备欢迎下载Theres not much that should be done right now. I did nothing that hurt you in the past. 2).先行词被 the only(唯一) , the very(正是) , the last等 adv修饰时。After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing (that) he owned. Cheating was the only thing that interested her most. This is the
20、very dictionary (that) I want to buy。Game of Death was the last film (that) he acted in. 3).先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时。He was the first person that passed the exam. This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. 4). 以 who 或 which 开始的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?5). 先行词里同时含有
21、人或物时. I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 18 页学习必备欢迎下载一这些动词的现在分词要双写加ing,1. sit/put/get/forget/hit/let/cut/chat/fit(使)适合;安装;合身/forget , shut, spit 吐痰, set设置,放置,安置 .regret,babysit 2. stop
22、, shop, drop, mop, trip绊倒,摔倒 , step踩, trap 陷入(困境) clap,slip 滑,滑脱3. swim/ begin/run /win / plan /spin 4. travel/quarrel/control /cancel 取消,注销;抵消5. beg/ dig/nod / rob 6. refer vi. 提到;参考,查阅;prefer 更喜欢 ;star 主演二这些动词的过去式和过去分词是规则的,要双写+ed. 1. chat/fit(使)适合;安装;合身 ,regret 2. stop, shop, drop, mop, trip绊倒,摔倒
23、, step踩, trap 陷入(困境) clap,slip 滑,滑脱3. plan 4. travel/quarrel/control /cancel 5. beg/nod / rob 6. refer vi. 提到;参考,查阅;prefer 更喜欢 ;star 主演三adj 的比较级1. 双写+er wet-wetter-wettest fat-fatter-fattest thin-thinnerthinnest big-bigger-biggest slim-slimmer-slimmest sad-sadder-saddest red-redderreddest mad-madder
24、 2.辅音字母 +y 结尾的词,改 y 为 i,再加 er/est easy-easier-easiest heavy tidy empty busy sunny dry cloudy snowy rainy windy tasty funny happy lucky healthy wealthy friendly early lovely 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 18 页学习必备欢迎下载一般现在时1.一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在状态,特征,能力, 性格。2. 通常与 every day/ year/mo
25、rning/Monday/ autumn, always, usually, often, sometimes, at times, never等连用。3. 句型构成 be动词:主语 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它I am an English football player. 行为动词:主语 +行为动词 (+其它)。We study English.harder than before. He likes ice cream. 4.主语在第三人称单数时用动词的“ 三单形式 ” ,其他人称用动词原形。5.动词三单的变化规则:一般情况下,直接加 -s play plays like lik
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