2022年小学英语知识点归纳 .pdf

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1、小学英语知识点归纳1、话题(1) 字母 ：(大小 )辨认、书写顺序: Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz. 元音字母： A a , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu 半元音字母 : Yy 书写容易错误的字母：E , F , G, M, N, d, i, p, q, x, y. (2) 数字 ：基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、购物等. 基数词 : One, two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten , eleven, twelve,

2、 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen twenty, twenty-one thirty, forty, fifty eighty, ninety, one/a hundred , one/a hundred and one two hundred. 序数词 : first , second , third , fourth , fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, twenty-

3、four thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth eightieth, ninetieth 相关句型 : 1) What s thirty and forty? That comes to seventy. 2) What s your telephone number? My telephone number is 83555723. 3) What time is it ? It s half past ten. 4) When do you usually get up ? At six thirty-five. 5) Where do you live? I liv

4、e at No.48 Renmin Road. 6) How old are you? I m twelve. 7) How much does it cost? It costs 50 yuan. 8) How many cars have you got? I have got 6 cars. 9) How many birds can you see in the tree? I can see 3. 10) How many dolls are there on the bed? There is one/a doll. 11) How many dolls are there on

5、the bed? There are four dolls. 12) Which floor do you live on? I live on the fifth floor. 13) Excuse me, can you tell me the way to Baiyun hotel? Yes, go down this street, then turn left at the third crossing . 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 18 页14) Who s the fifth girl from th

6、e right? She s my cousin. 注意：数词的应用 ; 不可数名词及它的量的表示方法;many 与 much 在用法上的区别;there is/are 与 have/has 在用法上的区别. (3)颜色：实物的颜色colours: red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, grey, dark blue, light blue. 相关句型 : 1) What colour is your coat? It s . 2) What s your favourite colour? My favou

7、rite colour is (4)时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻year, season( spring, summer, autumn, winter) , month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday. Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd (

8、 May the second) Time: (an) hour, minute, second 10:05 (five minutes past ten, ten o five) 10:10 (ten minutes past ten, ten ten) 10:15 (quarter past ten, ten fifteen) 10:30 (half past ten, ten thirty) 10:45 (quarter to eleven, ten forty-five) 11:00 (eleven o clock) 相关句型 : 1) How old is your mother?

9、She s thirty-six years old. 2) How many months are there in a year? There are 12. 3) When s your birthday? My birthday is on 15th January ( the fifteenth of January). 4) When do you get up? I get up at six o clock. 5) When does spring last? It lasts for 3 months from March to May. 6) What time is it

10、? It s quarter to nine. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 18 页(5)食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好;东西方食品food : meat, rice, fish, bread, egg, cake, drinks : water, milk ,orange/apple/water melon/banana/strawberry juice ,coke, coffee, black/green tea相关句型 : 1) Would you like something to drink/eat? Y

11、es, I d like some No, thanks . 2) Would you like to eat/drink? I d like to eat/drink No, thanks . 3) What s your favourite food/drink? My favourite food/drink is 4) Could I have some ? Yes, please . (6)服装：服装的颜色:人对服装的喜好;某人的穿戴 ;所属关系clothes: hat, cap, coat, shirt , T-shirt, skirt, dress, sweater, jacke

12、t, trousers, sock, shoe put on, wear 所属关系 : 形容词性的物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their 名词性的物主代词: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 相关句型 : 1) What does it look like? It likes wearing a blue shirt. 2) Whose shoes are these? They re mine. They re Tom s . 3) Is this /that/it your book? Yes, i

13、t is. No, it isn t. 4) Is this pencil yours? Yes, it is. No, it isn t. 5) Are these /those/they your coats and trousers? Yes, they are. No, they aren t. 6) Are those clothes theirs? Yes, they are. No, they aren t. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 18 页7) This is my hat. That hat i

14、s his. 注意： 名词单， 复数 ;物主代词 (名词性的物主代词，形容词性的物主代词);名词所有格，如： Tom s , my father s , the teachers . (7)玩具和文具：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置Toys: doll, toy文具 : desk, book, bag ,pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, chair, ball 存在的位置: in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, in the front of , in the middle of, at the back of(

15、a place/a person). 相关句型 : 1) There is a cup of tea on the table. 2) There are some oranges in the fridge. 3) Is there any milk in the glass? Yes, there is. No, there isn t. 4) Are there any oranges in the fridges? Yes, there are. No, there aren t. 5) What s under the desk? There is an orange. / Ther

16、e are some oranges. (8)日常生活用品：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置words: shelf, table, clock, brush, telephone, light, computer, bike, fridge, glass, knife, keyboard, bottle, box, plate, photo, photograph, fax, radio, super-market,book store,noodles/cake/clothes/shoe/TV shop. 特点 : big, small, heavy, light, white, black

17、, empty, full, old, new, beautiful, cute,tall, short, strong, plump, nice, good, bad (9)动物：家畜、家禽;农场动物、动物园及野生动物的特点;生活地点和所属关系words(animals): cat, dog, duck, goose (geese) fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, chicken, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice),giraffe,dolphin, 生活地点： at home,

18、 in a farm, in a zoo 所属关系：同上话题(7) (10) 植物：特点、所属关系;存在的位置精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 18 页words: tree, rose, flower, leaf(leaves) (11)环境与建筑：特点、所属关系;存在的位置buildings: factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank, police station, train station, s

19、ports stadium, department store, store, school,classroom, house: bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, washroom,kitchen,garden 房子的基本构造：door, gate, wall, window, floor 相关句型 : 1) Where do you study at ? I study at Longdong Primary School. 2) Where does your mother work at ? She works at a hosp

20、ital. 3) Let s meet at the gate of the park. 4) My brother is playing in the garden. (12) 身体：特点body: head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, shoulder, hand, finger, foot (feet) ,toe外貌 : fat, thin, plump , tall, short, old, young, round face, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair ,whi

21、te hair 相关句型 : 1) I m /You re /He s/She s /We re /They re (not) tall. 2) Is he/she tall or short? He s /She s tall (short). 3) I/We/They/You have (got) black hair. 4) He/She has ( got ) a round face. 5) Has he/she got long hair ? Yes, he/she has. No, he/she hasn t. 注意：描述人的外貌时，have 与 has 用法上的区别; 形容词的

22、用法，如:tall, short, old, young, black , long (13)个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好age, year, address, e-mail address, hobby, hobby: collecting stamps(coins) , going swimming doing sth 相关句型 : 1) How old are you ? I m thirteen years old. 2) I m a thirteen-year old boy. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5

23、 页，共 18 页3) What s your address? I live at No.48 Renmin road. 4) What s your e-mail address? My e-mail address is 123VIP. 5) What s your hobby? My hobby is going running. Or : I like going running. 6) I /You/ They like music. 7) He likes sightseeing. 8) Do you like reading? Yes, I do. No, I don t. 9

24、) Does he /she like playing basketball? Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn t. 注意： 描述个人的喜好时：名词和动词 - ing 形式作宾语 ; 主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化。动词 ing 的变化规律：1)直接加 ing ，如： open-opening, clean-cleaning, meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying, 2) 去掉词尾不发音的e ，如： take-taking, close-closing, come-coming, drive-dri

25、ving, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, 3) 重读闭音节的，双写最后的字母，加ing , 如： sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, become-becoming, 主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同)： 1) 直接加 s， 如： cook-cooks, come-comes, close-closes, 2)以

26、o, x, s, sh, ch 结尾 +es , 如: teach-teaches, go-goes, do-does, catch-catches, wash-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, 3) 辅音字母加y 结尾，把 y 改为 i ，+es ， 如：fly-flies, worry-worries, carry-carries,4) 以 f 或 fe 结尾，把f 或 fe，改为 v+es. 5) 特殊： have-has, (14) 家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好：与你的关系words: family, grandfather(gr

27、andpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend 相关句型 : 1) Is he/she Tom s cousin? Yes, he/she is. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 18 页No, he/she isn t. 2) Who s he/she? He s/She s my friend. 3) How many people are the

28、re in your family? Who are they? There are four, my father, my mother, my brother and me. 注意：1)名词单复数，如：family-families; 名词单数 -复数规律 : 1) 直接加 s， 如：boy-boys, term-terms, 2)以 o, x, s, sh, ch 结尾 +es , 如: box-boxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, coach-coaches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches, match-

29、matches, 3) 辅音字母加y 结尾，把y 改为 i ，+es ， 如： baby-babies, lady-ladies, factory-factories, peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches , 4) 以 f 或 fe 结尾，把f 或 fe，改为 v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, 5) 特殊 : man-men, policeman-policemen, woman-women, child-children, goose-geese,

30、 tooth-teeth, foot-feet, 6) 不变 : hair, milk, tea, coffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, people, fish, sheep, 2) 名词所有格，表明是“ 谁的 ”如：my cousin s , his parents 它的构成规则：单数名词后 +“ s”， Mike s mother. 复数名词词尾有，其后只+“”，Teachers Da 教师节 . 若是两人共有时，只在后者+ “s ” , Jim and Tom s mother. 吉姆和汤姆的母亲。不是两者所共有的，两者都+ “

31、 s ” , Jim s and Tom s mother. 吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。名词若是无生命，所有格构成用of, a map of China. 一幅中国地图(15) 学校：学校建筑和学校生活words: school building, classroom, dormitory, playground, library subjects: Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, biology, politics , history, meeting, geography 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -

32、名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 18 页相关句型 : 1) What s your favourite subject? English. 2) Where s the library? It s behind the dormitory. 3) When do you go to school? At 7:20. 4) When does Chinese begin on Monday? At Eight o clock. 5) Does geography begin at twenty to ten on Monday? Yes, it does. No, it

33、doesn t. 6) We re having an English class. (16) 社交礼仪：礼貌用语;询问与应答1.Greetings: Hello! Hi! Good morning/afternoon/evening. How are you ? Fine, thanks. And you? Please say hello to your parents for me. 2. Introduction: My name is I m a pupil. I m new here. This is Mr/Mrs/Miss White. Hello, nice to meet y

34、ou . 3. Farewells: Goodbye/Bye-bye/Bye. See you then/tomorrow. Good night. It s late. I must go home now. Thanking for coming. 4. Thanks: Thank you (very much). You re welcome. Not at all. 5. apologies: Sorry. I m sorry. That s all right. Excuse me. 6. Incitation: Will you go shopping with me? Would

35、 you like to go ? I d love to . Thank you. 7. Asking for permission: May I have an apple ? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 18 页Could /Can I use your bike? Sure. Certainly. Yes, of course. Yes, do please. 8. Expressing wishes: Happy birthday! Thank you. 9. Offering help: Can I he

36、lp you? What can I do for you? 10. Making appointments: Are you free tomorrow? What about tomorrow afternoon? Let s meet at the gate at 7:50. Shall we visit the museum? 11. Hello! May I speak to Kate? Speaking/It s Kate here. Who s this/that, please ? 12. Taking meals: Would you like something to ea

37、t/drink? Would you like some fish/meat? 13. Shopping : Can I help you ,sir? What can I do for you, sir ? What about this one? Do you like this one? I want /I d like some oranges. How much is the shirt /are the socks? It s to small. Two kilos, please . I ll take it. 14. Asking the way: Excuse me. Whe

38、re is the Guangzhou Library? Can you tell you me the way to the Garden Hotel, please? Can I take this bus to Beijing Road? Is there a hotel near here? It s over there. Turn right/legt (17)国家与城市：地理位置;特点精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 18 页Countries: China, Japan, America (the USA)

39、, English( the UK), Australia, Russia, Canada, Italy, India, France, Nationalities: Chinese, Japanese, American, Englishman, Australian, Russian, Canadian, Italian, Indian, French, 相关句型 : 1) Where s Japan? It s to the east of China. 2) Where does your friend come from? She comes from English. 3) Whe

40、re are they from? They re from Russia. 4) What country do you from? I come from China. 5) What country is he from? He s from France. 6) What language does she speak? She speaks French. 7) What language do they speak? They speak Chinese. (18) 天气：气候特征weather : hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, shine, sunny,

41、 rain ,heavy rain, light rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, light snow snowy, cloud, cloudytemperature: 15 ( fifteen degrees centigrade), 0 (zero degree centigrade), -5 (minus degrees centigrade) 相关句型 : 1) What s the weather like in spring? It s warm, rainy and wet. 2) What wi

42、ll the weather be like there? It will be sunny. 3) Is it snowing? Yes, it is a snowy day. 4) Will there be cloudy? Yes, there will. 5) The sun is shining. 6) I like taking a warm bath. (19) 节日：节日的特点;节日的活动festivals : New Year s Day, Spring Festival, Women s Day, April foolish Day, May Day, Mother s D

43、ay, Children s Day, Father s Day, Party s Day, Army s Day, Mid-autumn Festival, Teachers Day , National Day, Thanks Giving Day, Christmas Day. New Year s Day: 1st January. Spring Festival: It s the Chinese New Year. It s the first day of the Chinese year. It s a very special festival for all Chinese

44、 people. It is usually at the end of Jan精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 18 页uary or the beginning of February /in late January or early February. The children can get “ lucky money ” . Women s Day: It s on 8th March. April Foolish Day: on 1st April, on this day, people can play

45、 jokes to their friends. May Day: 1st May, laborers day. Mother s Day: on the second Sunday of May. Children s Day: on June 1st. Father s Day: on the third Sunday in June. Party s birthday: in China, it s on 1st July. Army s Day: in China, it s on 1st August. Mid-autumn Festival: on 15th August of C

46、hinese lunar calendar. In China , people eat special cakes calls moon cakes and watch the full moon. Teachers Day: on 10th September. National Day: in China, it s at the beginning of October. Thanks Giving Day: the last Thursday in November, it s American festival. Christmas Day: December 25th. (20)

47、 方位：人或物的位置;问路与应答place : in, on ,at, under, near, next to, beside, behind, in front of , in the frontof , in the middle (of ), back, on the right/left, the second/ person from the right/left A: Excuse me. Where s the department store? Can you tell me the way to the Garden Hotel, Please? Can I take th

48、is bus to Beijing Road? Is there a hotel near here? B: It s over there. Turn right /left at the first crossing. The hotel is on the right/left. I m sorry, I don t know. (21)正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事be doing something 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 18 页1) I m/You re/He s /She s /We

49、re/They re (not) working. 2) Are you playing football? Yes, I am/we are. 3) Is he/she taking exercise? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isn t. 4) Are they going shopping? Yes, they are. No, they aren t. 5) What are you doing? I m/We re cleaning the room. 6) What s he/she doing? He s/She s having supper. 7

50、) What are they doing? They re reading. (22) 日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动daily routine get up brush one s teeth, wash one s face, make breakfast , have breakfast, go to school/work, do morning exercises, have classes, play basketball, play football,run ,jump, go home, have lunch, have supper, do one s homewor