2022年小学英语语法总结及练习题2 .pdf

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1、小学英语语法总结及练习一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾，加 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“ 辅音字母 y” 结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或 fe ” 结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es，如： knife-knives ，leaf leaves5不规则名词复数：man-

2、men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,child-children， foot-feet, tooth-teethfish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_sheep _box_ strawberry _peach

3、_ sandwich _ dish_bus_man_ woman_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍：【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成：1. be动词：主语 be(am,is,are)其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词：主语行为动词( 其它)。如： We study

4、 English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No. 2】一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语 be not其它。如： He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句： Be主语其它。如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.非凡疑问句：疑问词一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 dont( doesnt ) 动词原形 ( 其它 )。如： I don

5、t like bread. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 19 页当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do( Does )主语动词原形其它。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt

6、.动词 s的变化规则 : 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“ 辅音字母 y” 结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_

7、do_ teach_ wash_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every da

8、y? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) i

9、ll. I m staying in bed. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 19 页 It s Sa

10、turday 三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为：be动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词 ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：特殊疑问词+be+动词 ing? 动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的e结尾，去 e加 ing，如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音

11、字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( si

12、ng)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. It s 5 oclock no

13、w. We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 四、将来时理论及练习1、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon,精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 19 页the day after tomorrow（后天）等。2、基本结构： be going to do；will do. 3、否定句：在be 动词（ am, is,

14、 are）后加 not 或情态动词will 后加 not 成 wont。例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.4、同义句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习填空：1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picn

15、ic with my friends. 2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English. We _ learn English. 五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。（ was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）3句中没有be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didn t动词原形，如：Jim didn t go home yesterday. 动词过去式变

16、化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如： work-worked , cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d，如： livelived 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加如： stop-stopped 4以“ 辅音字母 y” 结尾的，变y 为 i， 再加-ed，如： study-studied 5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went,come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, ru

17、n-ran, sing-sang, put-put,read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat 过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_plant_ are _ do _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 19 页drink_ play_go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ask _ taste_ eat_put _pass_ kick_Be动词的过去时练习（1）1. I _ at school just no

18、w. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 9. I _ an Eng

19、lish teacher now. 10. She _ happy yesterday. 11. They _ glad to see each other last month. 行为动词的过去时练习（2）1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ h

20、e _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词主格（句首做主语）宾格（句尾做宾语）形容词性（名首做主语）名词性（句尾做宾语）Imemym

21、ineyouyouyouryourshehimhishissheherherhersitititsitsweusourourstheythemtheirtheirs精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 19 页习题一.用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, it

22、 s not _ . ( I ) 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She

23、_ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they?小学英语六年级语法训练语法及练习1 be 动词Be 动词的用法：(1) Am-was Is -was Are-were 口诀：我用am, 你用 are, is 用在他她它，复数全用are。(2) 肯定和否定句： I am (not) from London. My hair is(not) long.He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in

24、the dining room. Her eyes are(not) small.(3) 一般疑问句：Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you arent.Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.用恰当的 be 动词填空。1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jacks sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man w

25、ith big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 19 页8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose socks _ they?11. That _ my red skirt.12. Who _ I?13.The jean

26、s _ on the desk.14. Here _ a scarf for you.15. Here _ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _ for me.19. Some tea _ in the glass.20. Gao shans shirt _ over there.21. My sisters name _Nancy.22. This _ not Wang Fangs p

27、encil.23. _ David and Helen from England?24. There _ a girl in the room.25. There _ some apples on the tree.26. _ there any kites in the classroom?27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle?28. There _ some bread on the plate.29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30. You,

28、he and I _ from China.语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词1 人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。一.填写代词表主格。Iitweyouthemhisyourhers二.用所给词的适当形式填空。1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名

29、师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 19 页2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )5. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ? ( she )7. I can find

30、 my toy, but wheres _? ( you )8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ aren t here. ( they ) 11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we )12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job?

31、 _ a nurse. ( she )13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he )14. Where are _? I cant find _. Let s call _ parents. ( they )15. Don t touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger!16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she )17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )18. So many dogs. Lets cou

32、nt _. ( they )19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he )20. May I sit beside _? ( you )21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. ( it ）22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she )语法及练习3 名词复数和动词三单一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. ch

33、结尾，加 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾,变y为i, 再加-es ，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或 fe ” 结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es，如： knife-knives5不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-children ,foot-feet,t

34、ooth-teethfish-fish, sheep-sheep,deer-deer,people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese练习：写出下列各词的复数。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 19 页I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ book_child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ yo-yo _ peach_ san

35、dwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ people_二动词三单的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如： study-studies练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_plant_ fl

36、y _ study_ brush_ teach_语法及练习4 一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词 (+其它 )。如： We study En

37、glish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如： He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句： Be +主语 +其它。如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形 (+其它 )。如：

38、I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形 +其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 19 页当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, s

39、he doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?一般现在时用法专练:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturda

40、ys?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You alway

41、s _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? It s Saturday.二、按照要求改写句子。1. Dan

42、iel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句 ) _2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句 ) _精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 19 页6. He speaks English very

43、well.(改为否定句 ) _7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问 ) _8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) _9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句 ) _三、改错 (划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He lik

44、es play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She don t do her homework on Sundays. _语法及练习5 现在进行时现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词 ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：特殊疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词 ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：特殊疑问词 + be +

45、动词 ing?动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去 e加 ing，如： make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如： run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _ make_ go_like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 19 页

46、sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _

47、(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 o clock now. We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _2The students are cleaning the

48、 classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _3I m playing the football in the playground .( 对划线部分进行提问) _4Tom is reading books in his study . ( 对划线部分进行提问) _语法及练习6 将来时将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to + do； w

49、ill+ do.三、否定句：在be 动词（ am, is, are）l 后加 not 或情态动词will 后加 not 成 won t。例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 19 页四、一般疑问句： be或 will 提到句首， some改为 any, and 改为 or，第一二人称互换。例如： We are going to go on a

50、n outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。 Who例如： I m going to New York soon.Who s going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。 What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afte