2022年高考英语语法复习教案非谓语动词 .pdf

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1、学习必备欢迎下载非谓语动词考纲新研读1.非谓语动词的形式 (以动词 do为例) 动词不定式动词的 -ing形式动词过去分词一般式to dodoingdone一般被动式to be done being done完成式to have done having done完成被动式to have been done having been done进行式to be doing完成进行式to have been doing2.非谓语动词在句子中的作用主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词不定式动词的 -ing形式 动词过去分词3.非谓语动词的用法动词不定式(1)用作主语：To learn a foreign lan

2、guage well is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language well. (2)用作宾语：What do you like to do besides swim? Do you think it necessary to go there? (3)用作表语：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载All she would do was to go home. (4)用作宾补：I warned the boy not to be lat

3、e again. He saw her leave the house. She was seen to leave the house. He often helps me (to) learn English. With no one to help him , he can t do it.With so many problems to settle , the manager cant leave for holidays. 【注意】用于不带to 的不定式作宾补的的动词有：feel, hear, see, notice, observe, watch, listen to, look

4、 at, have, make, let等。但变为被动语态时需要带to。例如：I noticed her enter the office. We heard him sing every day. Santas father made her promise that she wouldnt write to me or send me any word. (5)用作定语：I have nothing to write (to write on/to write with). I was the first to come to school. We have no time to thin

5、k about rest. (6)用作状语：常表示原因、结果、条件、目的等。He stopped to talk to an old man.( 目的) I rushed to the station, only to find the train already gone.(结果) He was happy to hear the news.( 原因) 另外： in order to; so as to 引导目的状语， “ 为了 ,以便”;so.as to 引导结果状语， “ 太以致 ” 。(7)用在疑问词后面，如what to do, 构成不定式复合结构 ,相当于名词，作主语、宾语和表语。

6、例如：The question is where to get a computer.(表语 ) I really dont know what to do.(宾语) How to get rid of the pollution is still a problem.( 主语) 【注意】不定式也有一定的时态和语态；有否定式、完成式、进行式、被动式等和自己的逻辑主语：(1)被动形式：He asked to be sent to the front. (2)进行式：He pretended to be listening attentively. (3)完成式：He is said to hav

7、e gone abroad. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载(4)否定式： (to)前加 not：He pretended not to have seen me. (5)不定式的逻辑主语有两种情况(用 for sb.或 of sb.)：It s high time for us to plant trees. It s very kind of you to say so. 动词的过去分词(1)作定语及物动词的过去分词，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词，只表示完成。单个的分词作定语，放在它

8、所修饰的词的前面 ;分词短语作定语，放在它所修饰的词的后面。例如：A broken cup is lying on the floor. The meeting held yesterday was very important. (2)作表语：表状态，与句子主语是被动关系。例如：He seemed quite delighted at the idea. The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. (3)作状语动词的过去分词相当于副词，可以在句子中作状语，与句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，两者往往是被动关系，即主语是过去分词动作的承受者

9、。Seen from space, the earth looks like a ball. Compared with the people in Iraq, we are much happier. 名词加过去分词，构成独立结构，用作状语。All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours. (4)作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词，大都来自及物动词。分词与宾语是被动关系。不及物动词的过去分词作宾补,与宾语是主动关系 , 表示动作已经发生。I saw the house broken into. There is som

10、ething wrong with my radio. I will have it repaired. The emperor ordered the cloth (to be) woven for him at once. He came in, with his hands tied at the back. 动词的 -ing 形式动词的 -ing 形式相当于名词、形容词、副词等,也保留了动词的某些特征。(1)作主语：Talking is easier than doing. It s no use talking about it. (2)作宾语：精选学习资料 - - - - - -

11、- - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载He is afraid of being scolded. I found it no use talking with him. 有些动词后面只能接doing。如：admit, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, miss, mention, practice, risk, stop, suggest等。有些动词后面只能接to do。如：agree, decide, expect, hope, long(渴望),m

12、anage, plan, pretend, refuse, wish等。有些动词后面接doing和 to do 都可以，且意思差别细微，或看作没差别。如： begin, start, hate, like, love, continue, refer 等；但另一类词差别很大。如：forget, remember, mean, try, regret 等。还有 go on; remind sb. of doing sth.( 使人想起 )和 remind sb. to do(提醒)。另外， stop doing停止干； stop to do停下来去干某事，to do是目的状语。(3)作表语：Se

13、eing is believing. The story is moving/exciting/interesting. (4)作宾补：I saw them coming across the road. They had their lights burning all night long. (5)作定语：There is a swimming pool in our school. China is a developing country. (6)作状语：Being ill, she went home. Having finished their homework, they had

14、 a rest. While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 【注意】1.动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语有三种形式：(1)doing前加物主代词。如： my doing；(2)doing前加名词所有格。如： Tom s doing ；(3)作宾语时 doing前可加人称代词宾格。如：me doing 。例如 : Marys coming late made Mr. Smith angry. She didn t mind his (him) crying. 2.否定式在其前面加not;完成式 having done; 被动式 bein

15、g done 。例如: Not knowing what to do, he turned to his teacher for help. Having finished their homework, they watched TV . He had hoped to take his seat without being seen. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载3.独立结构：Weather permitting (If weather permits), well have a sport

16、s meet next week. Weather being so fine (As weather is so fine), we have decided to go on an outing. There being no buses, we had to walk home. 4.with 复合结构：They slept, with the lights burning. 高考新剖析1. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it _. 20XX 年高考湖南卷A. reusing B.

17、 reused C. reuses D. to be reused 2. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _reduce unemployment pressures. 20XX 年高考江苏卷A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped DC3. Distinguished

18、 guests and friends, welcome to our school. _the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad. 20XX 年高考江苏卷A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended 4. They use computers to keep the traffic_ smoothly. 20XX 年高考全国卷A. being run B. run C. to run D. ru

19、nning 5. Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions_ ？20XX 年高考全国卷A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take 6. If theres a lot of work_, Im happy to just keep on until it is finished. 20XX 年高考上海卷A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing CDC精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -

20、- - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载A7. I feel greatly honored_ into their society. 20XX 年高考北京卷A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed 8. Something as simple as_ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure. 20XX 年高考上海卷A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk 9. My sis

21、ter, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle_ to balance it. 20XX 年高考上海卷A. having tired B. trying C. to try D. tried 10. Ideally_ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests. 20XX 年高考上海卷A. locating B. being located C. having been lo

22、cated D. located CBBD11. The children all turned_ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. 20XX 年高考全国卷A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 12. _,you need to give all you have and try your best. 20XX 年高考辽宁卷A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a w

23、inner 13. _in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. 20XX 年高考福建卷A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited 14. Can those_ at the back of the classroom hear me? No problem.20XX 年高考福建卷A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat BBC精选学习资料 - - - -

24、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载C15. My parents have always made me _about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good 精题新探究1. Which do you enjoy_ your holiday, going abroad or staying at home? A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D. s

25、pend 2. The pilot felt something_ wrong with the engine just before the plane took off. A. go B. went C. was going D. to go 3. Why do you look sad? There are so many problems_. A. remaining to settle B. remained settling C. remaining to be settled D. remained to be settled DBAC4. Do you know why the

26、y practise_ basketball every day? They practise_ in the basketball match of our school. A. playing; to join B. playing; joining C. to play; to join D. to play; joining 5. Lilys mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never _ again. A. to find B. to be found C. finding D. being found 6. We didn

27、t find the Blacks_ the lecture.No one had told them about_ a lecture the following day. A. to attend; there to be B. attending; there being C. attended; there be D. attend; there was 7. The international agreement, _encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on Februa

28、ry 27. A. intending to B. being intended to C. intended to D. to intend to AB精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载BC8. _twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city. A. Being examined B. Examined C. Examining D

29、. Having been examined 9. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to see D. to have seen 10. _ horrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child. A. Tasted B. Tasting C. To taste D. Being tasted 11. The long-l

30、asting meeting ended in failure, _no agreements. A. to reach B. would reach C. reaching D. reached 12. Tom pretended_ it, but in fact, he knew it very well. A. not listen to B. not to hear about C. not to have heard about D. not to listen ACBCC13. Even if the troops can be found, _them remains a pro

31、blem. A. equips B. equipped C. having equipped D. equipping 14. He showed us a good tyre for comparison with the one _. A. wearing B. worn C. tearing D. torn 15. _on time is one of our principles. And we do our best for customers. A. Deliver goods B. Delivering goods C. Delivered goods D. Having delivered goods DBB精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页