2022年完形填空题的考查类型 .pdf

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1、1 完形填空题的考查类型语 境 理 解考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。 语境理解是高考完形填空题考查的重点， 充分体现了高考 “ 突出语境、淡化语法 ” 的改革思路和命题精神。这些空有的需要根据上文信息作答，有的需要根据下文信息作答，有的则需要上下文信息的结合，甚至通篇读完后才能作出正确选择。例如：A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had 36 a beautiful sports car in a dealer?s showroom, and knowi

2、ng his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted. (2009 辽宁卷 )36. A. expected B. enjoyed C. admired D. owned逻 辑 关 系考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、对比关系等。四个选项都是表示文章的起承转合、上下连贯等逻辑关系的词语，必须弄清句子前后的逻辑关系，才可作出正确选择。例如：In the complex and technological society that the United Stat

3、es has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in contact with many other members. 44 , viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as those of subordination. (2008福建卷)44. A. Besides

4、B. However C. Instead D. Therefore习 惯 搭 配考查考生对英语常见固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配、动词与介词或副词的搭配、介词与名词的搭配等。例如：Paul walked on silently. “Look, there it is again. We?re lost, aren?t we?” complained Peter. Paul had to admit that he didn?t know where they were. After all, they were a long distance from where they

5、 were 49 to be. .Carefully, the boys followed the marks that they had left, until finally they found their campsite. Hurriedly, they packed their belongings and set off 55 the direction of the river. (2009 江西卷 )49. A. discovered B. encouraged C. persuaded D. supposed55. A. for B. to C. at D. in固 定 句

6、 型He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was (hard) to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no 40 asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to spare. (2009 北京卷 )40. A. point B. reason C. result D. right背 景 常 识考

7、查考生在日常学习和生活中所积累的经验和基本常识，以及一些基本的背景知识。例如：Last week, a young man ahead of me in the line at a petrol station didn?t have enough money to pay for his petrol. I asked the money collector,“How much short is he?”She told me he had meant to put $15 of petrol in his car but he had been looking 精选学习资料 - - - -

8、 - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页2 at the wrong gauge (计量表 ) and had put in 15 48 , which came to just over $20. That is an easy mistake as both gauges run fast.(2009安徽卷 )48. A. litres B. kilograms C. pounds D. kilometresBut we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble 45 . (2004北京卷 )A.

9、speaking B. moving C. sleeping D. breathing逻 辑 推 理考查考生根据文意和所掌握的知识和经验进行简单的逻辑推理来确定选项的能力。例如：“Did I do something 38 ? Don?t you love me any more, Mom?” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I laughingly asked him what was wrong. (2008全国卷 II)38. A. wrong B. funny C. strange D. smart词 语 辨 析考查

10、考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。几个选项的词性相同、 意义相近，要求我们在特定的语境中区分它们之间的差别。例如：James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully counted the coins that lay on the bed. $24. 52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90! How on earth was he going to get the rest of the money?He knew that his friends

11、all had bicycles. It was 39 to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no (point)asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to 41 . (2009北京卷 )39. A. brave B. hard C. smart D. unfair41. A. split B. spend C. spare D. saveI

12、want to thank you for teaching me a very valuable lesson in life by the great example you set. When we were eating at that caf in Bondi and a person who had 38 his hamburger didn?t have enough money to pay for it, without any hesitation, you went over and put the extra $2 into his hand. (2009 安徽卷 )3

13、8. A. ordered B. booked C. offered D. bought语 法 知 识虽然完形填空题主要以考查语义理解为主，但间或也会渗透语法知识。 例如：When Stephen Guyer?s three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker, lost all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times 37 hi

14、s strong-minded grandfather was nearly penniless, he loaded his family into the car and took them to see family members in Canada with a belief, “There are more important things in life than money. ” (2009福建卷 )37. A. when B. while C. how D. why1.巧用语意转折线索解题有些句子含有表示转折或对比的连词、副词或副词短语，如but， though，精选学习资料

15、 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页3 although， instead ， however， on the contrary， otherwise等，我们可利用这些暗示来解决问题。有时也可能没有这些词语的出现。A formal letter is very different from an informal letter. Formal letters _1_ to businesses ， schools or government offices. _2_ letters are for relatives ， or f

16、ormer （以前的） teachers. You may write an informal letter by hand ，but you should _3_ a formal letter. 1. A. send B. are written C. write D. are dropped 2. A. Informal B. Formal C. Business D. Relative 3. A. copy B. type C. write D. share 2.巧用因果关系线索解题It was a strange noise that made the man _1_ his car

17、 soon after he left a village _2_ London. He got out of his car and _3_ the wheels （车轮）carefully，but as he found nothing _4_ he continued his way. 1. A. start B. stop C. slow D. speed 2. A. to B. for C. from D. of 3. A. repaired B. examined C. cleaned D. looked 4. A. wrong B. danger C. interesting D

18、. matter 3.巧用具体示例线索解题即根据文章中所提供的具体实例进行分析，将与具体示例有关的信息进行优选，将与具体示例无关的信息进行排除，从而便可得出所需答案。Every student must wear their _1_ when they are at school. There are _2_ items of uniforms： suits， dresses ， shorts， skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags ， caps and socks. 1. A. long hair B. thick gla

19、ssesC. sports shoes D. school uniforms 2. A. much B. three C. many D. a lot 4.巧用同义反义线索解题5.巧用逻辑顺序线索解题即根据文章所提供的内容， 同时结合一定的生活常识， 对所推断的内容进行逻辑推理和逻辑顺序。6. 巧用语篇标志线索解题语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语可称为语篇标志。 如：表示结果层精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页4 次的语篇标志语有firstly

20、 ， secondly， thirdly ， finally 等；表示逻辑关系的有thus， therefore， so 等；表示改变话题的有by the way 等；表示时间关系的有before， so far， yet， now， later 等。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。7. 巧用结构对比线索解题在做完形填空题时， 有时会遇到两个结构十分相似的句子，此时同学们应认真比较其结构特点， 或根据其相似性推断空格处所填之词，或根据文章的上下文语境判断两个（或几个）相似结构之间的逻辑关系。I realized strength an

21、d courage aren,t always measured in medals and victories， but in the struggles we overcome（战胜） 。The strongest people are not always the people who win， _ the people who don?t give up when they lose.A. or B. nor C. and D. but 8. 巧用语境暗示线索解题有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断， 同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页