2022年高考英语第一轮复习专项教案 .pdf

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1、Unit 1A land of diversity 教 材 面 面 观单词拓展1._adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的_adv. 清楚 地 ；显然_adj.区别性的；有特色的；与众不同的_n差别；区分；卓著2 _n 大 多 数 ； 大 半_adj.较多的；较大的；主要的3_n苦难；困苦4_vt.选择；决定做某事；选择某人_adj.选任的；由选举产生的_n选举；当选5 _adj. 人 种 的 ； 种 族 的_n人种；种族；比赛；竞赛6 _n (人口，贸易的 )繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期_adj.迅速发展的7_n申请人_n请求；申请；适应；运用_v申请；适用；应用8_n社会主义者；社会党人精选学习

2、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 40 页adj.社会主义的_n社会主义9_vi.发生；出现_n发生；出现； (偶发 )事件10_vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示_adj. 指 示 的 ； 预 示 的_n 指示者；指示物_n 指示，指出；象征；暗示；迹象11 _vt. & vi. 刮 ； 剃_adj.修过面的；修剪过的12_adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的_adv.显然地；显而易见地13 _vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n 滑动；滑倒_n拖鞋_adj.滑的；使人滑跤的14_vt. & vi.哀悼；悼念；表示 悲 痛_adj. 悲 哀 的

3、； 哀 痛 的_n哀痛；哀悼15 _vt. & vi.改革；革新n 改革；改造；改良_n改革者；革新者_n改革；革新短语回顾1.live_继续存在；继续生存精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 40 页2by_of. 用办法；借助3 keep_ 坚持；维持；沿袭 (风俗、传统等 ) 4_up with 与合作或一起工作5mark_ 划线；标出界线6take_ 包括；吸收7a great/good_ 许多；很多8in_ 另外9_ones dream 实现梦想10_the view 欣赏风景句型背诵1.， _ _people fr

4、om all over the world.，吸引了来自世界各地的人们。2 Exactly when the first people arrived in_we now know as California ，no one really knows. 没有人真正知道， 第一批开拓者到达我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的确切时间。3_ _ _California elected to become the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 40 页thirty- first federal state of the USA in

5、1850，it was already a multicultural society. 到 1850 年加利福尼亚成为美国第31 个州的时候， 它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。自我诊断单词拓展1 distinct； distinctly； distinctive；distinction2.majority ； major3.hardship4.elect；elective；election5.racial；race 6 boom； booming7.applicant ；application； apply8.socialist； socialism9.occur ；occurrence1

6、0.indicate ；indicative；indicator；indication11.shave ；shaven12.apparent；apparently13.slip；slipper；slippery14.mourn；mournful ；mourning15.reform；reformer；reformation 短语回顾1on2.means3.up4.team5.out6.in7.many8.addition9.achieve10.admire 句型背诵1having attracted2.what3.By the time 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归

7、纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 40 页考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.applicant n请求者；申请者Heres a job applicant with an excellent track record. 这里有个表现记录优良的申请者。In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看， 这位应征者完全具备这项工作的条件。loan applicant 申请借款人归纳延伸apply v涂，敷；应用；将铺在表面；实施；适用；申请application n申请；要求；完成；坚持，勤勉；运用；

8、适用application form 申请表applied adj.实用的；应用的即境活用单项填空He has applied _ a post in England. This rule can not be applied _ every case. He applied himself _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 40 页learning French. AforBto Cof Dat 答案： ABB2majority n 多数，大多数， 过半数；多得的票数；多数党，多数派；成人The majority o

9、f people seem to prefer TV to radio. 多数人喜欢电视胜过广播。The Tory candidate held the seat ，but with a greatly reduced majority. 保守党的候选人保住了席位，然而在得票上所占的优势却大为减小。He won by a majority of two ：the vote was seven to five. 他以多出两票获胜：票是七比五。律成人；成年n.U 用法拓展majority( 反义词 )minority n少数，少数民族，未成年major n主修； v.主修； adj.主要的，主修的

10、，成年的She majored in maths and physics at university. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 40 页她在大学期间主修数学和物理。Her major is French. 她的主修科目是法语。即境活用完成句子赞成我们的居少数；我们成了少数派。Were_ ； more people are against us than with us. 在英国，情况同样是严峻的，但是有一个很大的区别。In Britain the situation was equally grim，but wi

11、th one_difference. 答案： in the minoritymajor 3indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示I asked him where the new school was and he indicated the road ahead. 我问他新的学校在哪里，他指给我前面那条路。The black clouds indicate that it will rain soon. 乌云表明很快就要下雨了。用法拓展作“指示；指出”讲时，后面经常接精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 40 页名词

12、。作“表明；象征”讲时，后面可以接名 词 或 宾 语 从 句 ， 即 “indicate n./that.”。indication n暗示；表示；预兆The arrow indicates the way to the park. 那个箭头指示到公园的方向。Snow indicates the coming of winter. 雪象征着冬天的来到。A red sky at night indicates that the following day will be fine. 晚上天边红表示第二天天气好。Therere indications that the weather is chan

13、ging. 有些预兆显示天气要变了。易混辨析indicate，point out 和 show 三者的共同意思是“表明；表示”。indicate 常用于无意识的行为，而show 和point out 都用于有意识的行为，show通常用于一眼就可以看清的东西。The sign indicates that smoking is not allowed here. 这个标志指示，不许在这里吸烟。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 40 页He pointed out the way to the nearest hospital

14、 for me. 他给我指了指去最近的医院的路。He never shows his feelings. 他从不表露他的感情。即境活用单项填空A study_that women find it more difficult to give up smoking than men. AdirectsBindicates Cinfluences Dguides 答案： B 4hire vt.&n. 雇用；租用They usually hire students to do the cleaning and the washing. 他们经常雇用学生来做清洁和清洗工作。用法拓展be in the

15、hire of sb.为某人所雇用work for hire 当雇工a hired farmhand 雇农For Hire 空车 (出租车的标示 ) in ones employ/in the employ of sb. 替某人工作；为某人所雇用精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 40 页employ sb. as. 雇用某人为employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人干某事How long has she been in your employ/hire(employed/hired by you)? 你雇用她多

16、长时间了？We employ her as an adviser. 我们雇用她为顾问。We have been employed to look at ways of reducing waste. 我们被聘请来调查减少废物的方法。易混辨析employ，hire，engage和 rent employ 正式用词，侧重受雇者虽为薪金而工作，但工作固定并享有相当尊严。hire 普通用词， 常指短期或长期雇用某人从事某一特定工作或一次性的工作，含强调为薪金而工作的意味。engage可与 hire 换用，特指雇用专业人员。rent 指“较长期地租用或租出(房屋、土地等 )”。She hasnt bee

17、n employed(has not had a job)for six months now. 她现在已半年没有工作了。The fruit is picked by hired laborers. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 40 页这些水果是由雇佣工采摘的。We want to engage a new secretary. 我们想聘请一位新秘书。Is that your own computer ，or do you rent it? 这电脑是你自己的，还是租来的？即境活用单项填空When harvest s

18、eason comes， more farmhands will be_to pick up the apples. Aoccurred Bhelped Crented Dhired 答案： D 5reform vt.&n. 改革；革新；改造；改良We are going to reform this law. 我们即将改革这个法律。Our society needs reform. 我们的社会正需要改革。用法拓展reform 表示“改革； 改善”时， 是及物动词，一般在其后直接接宾语；还可以作不及物动词，表示“改过自新”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -

19、 - - - - -第 11 页，共 40 页习语：reforms in the school system 教育制度改革They tried to reform society. 他们尝试要改造社会。The boy promised to reform if(he is)given another chance. 那个男孩答应如果给他机会，他将改过自新。即境活用单项填空We had to_the former committee， so that it could work more efficiently. Areview Brefuse Creturn Dreform 答案： D 重点短

20、语1.occur to 想起；想到It occurred to me to visit my teacher. 我想到要去看看我的老师。It never occurred to me that he might be in trouble. 我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦。It didnt occur to him that she would refuse his invitation. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 40 页他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。归纳延伸occur v发生； vi.出现，存在，发生Earthq

21、uakes occur frequently in this area. 这一地区经常发生地震。易混辨析happen, chance, occur与 take place 四个词都含“发生”的意思happen 为常用词语，指“一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”。The accident happened yesterday. 事故发生在昨天。chance指“偶然发生”、“碰巧”。He chanced to meet her. 他偶然遇见了她。occur 属正式用语，指“按计划使某事或效果发生”， 通常所指的时间和事件都比较确定，在以具体事物、事件作主语时，可与 happen 互换。Th

22、ese events occurred in 1909. 这些事件发生于1909 年。take place指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 40 页planned. 按计划会议在八点举行了。即境活用单项填空I _ to sit by her in the cinema. Didnt it _ to you that he was lying? The fete will _ on Sunday, rain or shine. AhappenedBoccur Ctake place Dco

23、me about 答案： ABC2make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等They went to the West and decided to make a life there. 他们去了西部地区，决心去适应新生活。用法拓展(1)come to life 突然苏醒；突然开始工作；突然变得活跃(2)live/lead a.life 过着生活(3)come back to life 苏醒过来，恢复生精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 40 页气(4)full of life 充满生气(5)make/earn a

24、/ones living 谋生(6)start/make a new life 开始新生活He earned/make a/his living by selling vegetables. 他靠卖菜为生。The rescue team brought the baby back to life. 救援队使婴儿苏醒过来了。即境活用单项填空In my opinion, it is not so helpful to give someone some bread as it is to teach him how to _. Amake sense Bmake progress Cmake a

25、life Dmake his way 答案： C3mark out 划线，标出 界线；显示或注定 (某人 )可能成功；勾销；指定；制订出；选出用法拓展(1)mark sb. out for sth.选择某人接受某物精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 40 页(2)mark down 记下；减价；给低分(3)mark off 用界线隔开，划分开(4)mark up 涨价；提高；标记(5)be marked with. 用做上记号(6)make a mark 做记号They marked out the tennis cour

26、t with white paint. 他们用白漆划出网球场。His qualities mark him out as a born leader. 他的品质显示出他是一个天生的领袖。These winter coats have been marked down from 45 to 35. 这些冬天穿的外套从45 英镑减到 35 英镑。She was careful to mark her place before she shut the book. 在合上书以前， 她仔细地在终止阅读之处做了记号。即境活用单项填空Many streets in this city have been

27、_ for extension. Astretched outBmarked out Cleft out Dstood out 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 40 页答案： B4a good/great many很多 (修饰可数名词) There are a good many people in the hall. 大厅里有很多人。Ive had a good many disappointments in my time. 我一生中经历了许多令人失望的事。用法拓展修饰可数名词和修饰不可数名词的分别有哪些？(1)只

28、能修饰可数名词的有：many，many a(n)，a good/great many，a(great/large)number of，scores of ，dozens of 等。I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了。Many a student has(many students have)visited the Great Wall. 很多学生已经参观过长城。(谓语动词用单数 ) (2)只能修饰不可数名词的有：much，a great deal of，a great/large 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳

29、总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 40 页amount of 等。He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做。(3)既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的有：a lot of，lots of，plenty of(以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定 )，a great/large quantity of(其谓语用单数)，quantities of(其后谓语用复数 )。A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall. 大厅里放了很多鲜花。Ther

30、e is still lots of snow in the garden. 花园里还有许多雪。即境活用单项填空Great quantites of sand_washed down the hillside by the rain. Awas Bwere Chas been Dis 答案： B 5by means of以 ，借着 Thoughts can also be expressed by 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 40 页means of music. 思想也可以借音乐来表达。Finish it by

31、all means. 无论如何都要完成它。Can I borrow your car? By all means. 我能借你的车吗？ 当然可以。用法拓展by this means用这种方法by means of通过，用，借助于by no means决不，一点也不by all means务必、不惜一切地；(用于交际英语表示同意)当然可以，没问题Every possible means has been tried，but none worked. All possible means have been tried ，but none worked. 各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。Yo

32、u can do it by this means. 你可以用这种办法去做。Try by all means to save the dying. 一定要尽力抢救那个垂危的人。The game is by no means over. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 40 页比赛根本没有结束。易混辨析means，way，method 和 approach by means of 与其他相似短语in this way，with the method 的搭配不同means 指为达到某个目的或产生某种结 果 而 采 用 的

33、方 法 、 手 段 。 meansof(doing)sth. way 是最普通、最常用的词，可以指一切“方法；办法”。常见搭配：wayof(doing)sth.或 way to do sth. approach( 方 法 ， 途 径 ) 的 搭 配approachto(doing)sth. method 是指理论的或系统的方法，有时是针对某个具体问题而采用的特殊方法。This money was not earned by honest means. 这笔钱来路不正。She showed them the way to do it. 她向他们示范做这件事的方法。She has a very s

34、cientific method of dealing with political problems. 她处理政治问题的方法很科学。温馨提示精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 40 页means作为一个单复数同形的名词，常与主谓一致结合起来进行考查。要注意当means作主语且有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some ，several，many，few 等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。means 的另一个考查点是它的习惯搭配。by no means放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序。By no mean

35、s am I satisfied with my present income. 我对目前的收入一点也不满意。即境活用单项填空Sometimes，even well-known stars have their appearance improved at a beauty salon. _！Shall I give you a bit of fashion advice? AThats great BNot really CMake it clear DBy all means 答案： D6take in 包括；吸收用法拓展精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 -

36、- - - - - -第 21 页，共 40 页take in 的主要意思有：拿进反义词： take out 收容；接待同义词： receive 承揽活在家做包括同义词： include 理解；吸收同义词： understand，absorb 改小反义词： let out 放大欺骗，蒙骗同义词： cheat Please take in the washing ，if it rains. 如果下雨，请把洗的衣服收进来。The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger. 这位好心的老太太主动收容那位可怜的无家可归的陌生

37、人。The poor widow earns money by taking in washing. 那位可怜的寡妇在家里替人洗衣服度日。The tour takes in some famous old castles. 这趟观光旅行包括参观若干著名的古堡。It took me a long time to take in what you were saying. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 22 页，共 40 页我花了很长时间理解你说的话。Can you take in this dress for me ？Its too

38、 loose round the waist. 你能把这件衣服改小一下吗？腰部太肥。The salesmen have taken in the old people and lamed them buy their poor quality goods. 那些售货员欺骗老人，让他们购买劣质的物品。用法拓展take 是一个非常活跃的动词，常见的词组有：take in 收留；领会；理解；欺骗take part(in) 参加take back 收回；使回想起take off 脱下；起飞；开始成功take for 认为；误认为take.as.把理解为 /当作take over 接管，接任take o

39、ut 带出去take apart 拆开take the lead 领先take after 与相像精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 23 页，共 40 页take on 开始雇佣；呈现take down 取下；记下；拆卸take place发生take a seat坐下take a chance(on sth.) 冒险，碰运气take chances冒险take charge of掌管，负责You should never take chances when crossing the street. 过马路时决不应冒险。即境活用单项填

40、空The woman was_by the business mans offer of marriage and stupidly gave him most of her money. Ataken on Btaken in Ctaken off Dtaken out However，at times this balance in nature is disturbed，_a number of possibly unforeseen effects. Alying in Bcalling in Ctaking in Dresulting in 答案： BD7team up withwo

41、rk together with精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 24 页，共 40 页与 合作或一起工作用法拓展in a team/on a team 属于队a team game一项团队运动a team player 有团队精神的人teamwork n配合，协同工作team spirit 团队精神，合作精神team up 结成团队，合作重点句式1.Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California ，no one really knows.

42、 当第一批人到达我们现在称为加利福尼亚的地方时，没有人知道这里。what 引导的从句在句中作宾语，是一个宾语从句。 what 除了引导从句以外，还要在从句中作成分。 要注意和 that 引导的名词性从句的区别。We must decide what to do next. 我们必须决定下一步做什么。I dont care what she thinks. 我不管她怎么想。即境活用单项填空No one can be sure_in a 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 25 页，共 40 页million years. Awhat ma

43、n will look like Bwhat will man look like Cman will look like what Dwhat look will man like 答案： A2It is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 很可能美洲原住民在至少15,000 年前就住在加利福尼亚。It is likely/possible/probable that 很可能It is likely that he was led to this

44、 conclusion from an analysis of the tales of travellers. 他的这个结论很可能是出于他对旅行者经历的分析。另外， likely 还可用人作主语，即sb. is likely to do.，而 possible和 probable 没有此用法。I think Im likely to get the job，but if Bob applies for it，he could queer my pitch. 我想我很可能得到这份工作，可是假设精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 26 页

45、，共 40 页鲍勃也申请的话，那他可能使我的计划落空。即境活用单项填空Eating and drinking too much is_to give one stomach trouble. Alikely Bpossible Cprobable Dprobably 答案： A 3There are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state. 居住在加利福尼亚州的美洲土著人比居住在其他州的人要多。用法拓展There be sb. doing sth.表示“有某人在做某事”的意思，相当于sb.be doi

46、ng sth. 注意 v.-ing 结构在此作定语， 前面不可以再使用 be。There are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco. 有 25,000 左右的俄裔美国人居住在旧金山。There are already people wondering whether we should fight for the right of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 27 页，共 40 页robots and machines. 已经有人在

47、想我们是否应该为机器人和机器争取权利而战。即境活用单项填空When I entered there were three children_in the reading room. Aread Bwere reading Creading Dto have read There are a lot of people back there_to get in. Awaiting Bhaving waited Cto wait Dto be waiting 答案： AA4By the time California elected to become the thirty- first fede

48、ral state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society. 到 1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31 个州的时候， 它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。by the time 到时候为止， 引导时间状语从句。a如果状语从句的谓语动词为一般现精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 28 页，共 40 页在时，则主句的谓语动词使用将来完成时。Ill have finished my work by the time you come. 你来时我将完成工作了。b如果状语从句

49、的谓语动词为一般过去时，则主句的谓语动词使用过去完成时。By the time he was fourteen years old ，he had learnt maths all by himself. 当他 14 岁时，他就已经自学了数学。Its(high)time(that)sb. did/should do sth.“该是的时候了”。该句型中的that 从句需要有虚拟语气，谓语动词常用过去时或 should动词原形，且should 不可省略。This/It/That is the first(second，last)time(that)sb. has done sth.“是某人第几次”

50、在该句型中，从句中的谓语动词必须用完成时。即境活用翻译句子到我们长大时， 中国将成为世界上更强大的国家。_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 29 页，共 40 页这是我第三次去北京了。_ 该是我们报效祖国的时候了。_ 答案：By the time we grow up， China will have become a more powerful country in the world. It/That/This is the third time I have been to Beijing. Its time that we