2022年高考英语短文改错考点分类解析 .pdf
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1、高考英语短文改错考点解析:冠词一、考点规律分析短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用,有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别(包括a 与 an 的区别)。其中,涉及最多的是,当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时,其前漏用不定冠词;另外,冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。二、真题单句归纳(1) After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. (a 改为an,因 hour 读音以元音开头)(全国卷)(2) I decided to climb the tree to see where we were. (the 改为a,因此处
2、并非特指,而是泛指)(全国卷)(2) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports. (去掉the,因这里的books 表泛指,不表特指)(全国卷)(3) Good health is persons most valuable possession. (persons 前加a,这里的a 表泛指)(全国卷)(4) Modern people know more about the health , have better food, and live in clearer surroundings
3、. (去掉the,因 health 表泛指)(全国卷)(5) There is public library in every town in Britain. ( public library 前加a, 因这里的public library 是单数可数名词表泛指,故在其前用a) (全国卷)(6) Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. (a 改为the,因从含义上看,此处的 winter holidays 属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的)(全国卷)(7) Today I visited the Smiths my first visit t
4、o a American family. (a 改为an,因American 的读音以元音开头)(全国卷)(8) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠词the,captain 为特指)(全国卷)(9) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. (the 改为one,one 与下一行的another 构成 “ 一个 另一个 ” ) (全国卷)(10) I ll take this chance to
5、 wish you wonderful time on your birthday. (wonderful 前加a,该表达与have a good time 类似,其中的a 不可省)(北京春季卷)(11) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (去掉a, catch sight of 是习语,意为 “ 看见、瞥见 ” ) (全国卷)(12) For example, when I was a child , the rain was a mystery(奥秘)。(去掉the,rain 在此泛指)(北京春季卷
6、)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 38 页(13) We may be one family and live under a same roof. ( a 改为 the,因same 前应用定冠词)(全国卷)(14) As everyone knows, it s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. (在famous 前加a,注意mountain 是单数可数名词)(全国卷)(15) My teacher advised me to keep my d
7、iary. (my diary 改为a diary,keep a diary 意为“ 写日记 ” ) (全国卷)(16) When I was boy , the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前加 a,因boy 为可数名词)(江苏卷)(16) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. (a 改为the,因这不是泛指的周末,而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)(17) And every year more and
8、 more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime. (lifetime 前加 a,指人的一生是a lifetime) (浙江卷)(18) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加the,因这是特指的一场火灾)(福建卷)(19) As we all left home at early age , (early 前加 an,at an early age意
9、为 “ 在年幼时 ” )(天津卷)(20) My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. (cooker 改为 cook,比较: cook=炊事员, cooker=炊具)(江苏卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital. (2) It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much.
10、 (3) It was raining hard , so I had to borrow a umbrella. (4) My friend Mary comes from an European country. (5) Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer. (6) In small village like this , everybody knows everybody else. (7) Only few of the children can read such books. (8) For long
11、time neither of us spoke to each other. (9) Look, a girl in blue is my cousin. (10) Look! A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful. (11) She asked whether we came from a same city. (12) The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round. (13) You dont know what wonderful time weve had.精选学习
12、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 38 页(14) People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes. (15) Soon the plane was out of the sight.(16) Great changes have taken the place in my hometown since 1978. (17) In the word , he is a good student and all of us like him. (18)
13、 You say you took the book without his permission. In the other words, you stole it. 参考答案(1) nurse 前加a,因nurse 为可数名词。(2) such 后加a,dinner 受形容词修饰时,其前通常要加不定冠词。(3) a 改为an,因umbrella 的读音以元音开头。(4) an 改为a,因European 的读音不是以元音开头。(5) physics 前加a,因teacher 为可数名词。(6) small 前加a,因village 为可数名词,在句中表泛指。(7) few 前加a,因其前有
14、only 修饰,即习惯上说only a few. (8) long 前加a,a long time 意为 “ 很长一段时间 ” 。(9) a 改为the,此处为特指用法。(10) 第二个A 改为The,特指前面已提到的事物。(11) a 改为the,因same 前习惯上用定冠词,不用不定冠词。(12) 去掉the,在此snow 为泛指用法。(13) wonderful 前加a,因have a wonderful time 为习惯表达。(14) 去掉the,因make fun of 为习语,意为“ 取笑 ” 。(15) 去掉the,因out of sight 为习语,意为 “ 看不见 ” 。(1
15、6) 去掉the,因take place 为习语,意为 “ 发生 ” 。(17) the 改为a,因in a word 为习语,意为 “ 总之 ” 、“ 一句话 ” 。(18) 去掉 the,因in other words 为习语,意为 “ 换句话说 ”高考英语短文改错考点解析:介词一、考点规律分析短文改错对介词的考查主要涉及在及物动词后接宾语时误加介词和在不及物动词后接宾语时漏加介词、可直接用作状语的副词短语前误加介词、介词与其他词的常用搭配、常用介词的基本用法、习语中的介词用法等。二、真题单句归纳精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第
16、3 页,共 38 页(1) Bill insisted in staying near the car. (in 改为on, insist on 为固定搭配)(全国卷)(2) Suddenly we caught sight at a car and some men. (at 改为of,catch sight of 是习语,意为 “ 看见 ” ) (全国卷)(3) When I have free time I go a long walk. (go 后加for,go for a walk 是习语)(全国卷)(4) When they came down the police were an
17、gry to them. ( to 改为with ,要表示对某人生气,英语习惯上用be angry with sb ) (全国卷)(5) Most people can quickly get for help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. (去掉for,因其前的get 是及物动词)(全国卷)(6) and some books, for example, books for history , science, cooking and gardening are also popular. ( books for
18、改为 books on,此处的on 意为 “ 关于 ” ) (全国卷)(7) I never knew about a ride down a river could be so exciting. (去掉about 或将about 改为 that,因动词knew 后可直接跟宾语从句,无需用介词)(全国卷)(8) It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station. (for 改为of, 注意句型It s kind of sb to do sth ) (全国卷)(9) In fact , they are planning t
19、o visit China in next year. (去掉in,在由 next, this, last 等构成的时间短语中,一般可直接用作时间状语,无需加in, on, at 这样的介词)(全国卷)(10) We practise for three times every week. (去掉for,在表示频率的名词前通常不加介词)(全国卷)(11) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. (instead 后加of,instead of 为复合介词,在此表示“ 而不是 ” ) (全国卷)(12)
20、Unfortunately , there are too many people among my family. (among 改为in,in my family 意为 “ 在我家里 ” ) (全国卷)(13) I was happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing(a lot 后加of,因a lot 不能直接修饰名词)(全国卷)(14) Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday party on Sunday. (on 改为for,thanks f
21、or doing sth 意为 “ 因某事而感谢某人” ) (北京春季卷)(15)So I m really sorry that I won t be able to come in this time. (去掉in, 因 this time 可直接用作状语)(北京春季卷)(16) but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together. (去掉about,因about 后没有接宾语,about 属多余)(全国卷)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 38 页(1
22、7) For instance, on one night he played strong and loud music till four oclock in the morning. (去掉on,因one night 可直接用作状语)(北京春季卷)(18) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at,the moment 在此用作连词,相当于as soon as ) (全国卷)(19) His parents asked him to spend in more tim
23、e preparing for the college entrance examination. (去掉in,spend 是及物动词,其后可直接跟名词作宾语)(安徽春季卷)(20) I feel sorry to him. (to 改为for,be / feel sorry for sb 意为 “ 为某人感到难过” )(安徽春季卷)(21) Because so much viewing, children may not develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves. (Because 后加of,因so m
24、uch viewing 相当于名词)(北京春季卷)(22) On one year the average child will see 25 ,000 television commercials(On 改为In,意为 “ 在一年中 ” ) (北京春季卷)(23) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese (去掉that 前的in,was 后是一个以that 引导的宾语从句,in 是多余的)(全国卷)(24) I m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. So
25、I feel unhappy every day. (to 改为at,laugh at 意为 “ 嘲笑 ” ) (全国卷)(25) You can find all kinds information in just a few minutes on the Internet. (kinds 后加of,a kind of 意为 “ 一种 ” ,all kinds of意为 “ 各种各样的 ” ) (广西卷)(26) But I have spent lots my money , (lots 后加 of,lots / a lot 后不能接名词;后接名词时,要用lots of ,a lot of
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