2022年非谓语动词归纳 .pdf

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1、1 非谓语动词用法归纳（一）动名词作主语1。直接作主语：（1）眼见为实。（2）天天做早操有益于健康。（3）吸烟不是好习惯。2.用 it 作形式主语，常与no use,no good,useless, worthwhile 连用（1）光说不做没用（2）做无益的后悔没用（3）吸烟太多无益（4）学好英语是值得做的不定式作主语1。直接作主语（1）眼见为实（2）今天早晨做早操对身体无益（3）在这里吸烟很危险2。用 it 作形式主语，有自己特定的句型（1）你这么说真是太好了（2）他说出这样的话太愚蠢了（3）我们学好英语是必要的（4）你们学好英语语法并不难3.固定句型（1）李垒每天花两个半小时完成作业（2）

2、你昨晚用多长时间写完的作文？小结：动名词与不等式作主语时的区别一、对称原则主语和表语对称二、特殊表达动名词表示经常性、反复发生的动作不等式表示具体的、某一次的动作三、固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth 四、习惯用法It?s no use/no good /useless/worthwhile + doing It?s kind/wise/clever of sb to do sthIt?s important/necessary/hard for sb to do sthTask: complete the following sentences 1.It?

3、s no good _（光说不做）2.It?s necessary _(我们学好英语）3.It? very kind _ （你帮助我）4._(没有用 ) learning without practice 5.How long _ （你每天参加体育活动？）6.Because of the heavy sand storm, _(今天做晨练）is of no benefit to you. Multiple choice 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 17 页2 1. It is very generous _ you

4、to buy me such a nice gift A.of B. for C. to D. with 2. You are clever; it will be easy _ you to work out the word puzzle A.of B. for C. to D. with 3.I think it no good _ without doing anything. A, to play about B, play around C. playing about D. played around 不定式、动名词作宾语一、句型转换I think it no use doing

5、 sthI feel it stupid of him to say such silly things to her I find it uneasy for you to learn your subjects well without hard work Can you tell me how many hours it took you to do your homework? 二、 A 下列动词只能带动名词作宾语：记住下面这句话，巧记共35 个多动词Miss Rescall can enjoy five apples at dusk Miss Rescall -miss, mind,

6、risk,recall ,resist Can -can?t help, consider ,can?t resist ,complete ,can?t stand (bear)Enjoy enjoy escape ,excuse ,endure Five finish ,fancy feel like ,favorite(利于） imagine ,include -advise ,avoid ,appreciate ,admit ,allow- - practise ,postpone ,pardon ,prevent ,put off dusk -delay ,understand, su

7、ggest,keep(deny 否认）B 以介词 to 结尾的常用短语be/get used to,come to,devote oneself to, listen to,look forward to object to，get down to, prefer.to, pay attention to,refer to ， stick to C 特殊句型1 spend (waste ).(in) doing 2 be busy (in)doing 3 have difficulty (trouble ,fun ,pleasure ,a good ,hard time )in doing 4

8、 stop prevent .(from )doing 5 There is no use no harm no hurry .(in)doing sth D. 下列动词只能带不定式作宾语：记住下面这句话，(2HD3A4P, worst fem 各一 ) 巧记近 20 个多动词afford ,agree ,attempt, decide ,demand ,expect ,fail ,help, hope ,manage , offer, plan, pretend, prepare, promise, refuse ,seem, tend , wish E.注意下列11 种不同动词或句型的用法

9、在 forget ,remember ,regret ,want ,need ,require ,try ,stop ,go on,mean 等动词后，可接不定式,也可接动名词做宾语，但含义差别。1 forget ,remember , regret +doing 动作已经发生 +to do 动作未发生2 want ,need ,require + doing 表被动 = to be done 注： be worth doing = be worthy to be done 3 try doing 试着做try to do 尽力做，想要做4 stop doing 停止做某事， (先后是一件事)

10、. stop to do 停下来做某事,(先后不是同一件事) 5 go on doing 继续敌某事， (先后是同一件事) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 17 页3 go on to do 接下来做某事，(先后不是同一件事) 6 mean doing 意味着做某事mean to do 故意或想要做某事7 can?t help doing sth 抑制不住、禁不住做某事can?t help (to) do sth 无帮助、无助于做某事8 ,only to do 结果是 （出乎预料）,only doing 结果是 (必然是

11、 ) 9 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿 而不 prefer doing to doing would rather do than do would do rather than do 10 have nothing to do /do nothing but/except do 只好做（别无选择）enjoy doing nothing but doing 只喜欢做 want nothing but to do 只想做 11 在 begin ,start ,continue 等词后可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，意义区别不大.但要注意1）本身是 -ing

12、形式时，其后要接不定式2）如果表示主语有意识地开始做某事，多用动名词3）主语是物多用不定式4）其后的动词是表示情感的或与智力有关的，不用v-ing 形式know, realize, hate , love , understand , wonder , remember , forget Task: complete the following sentences 1.Do you remember _ （以前见过这个人吗）? 2.He denied _（冤枉了他的父母）3.She regretted _(在会上给领导提了意见）. 4.Don?t waste time _( 劝他戒烟）5.I

13、would rather stay at home _( 也不出去玩）6.Do you think it necessary _( 我们学好英语）？7.How long did it take you _(写完作文）？8.He has done nothing but _ （玩了一整天）. 9.On hearing the news, Tom _( 抑制不住哭了）. 10. Little Sophia went the theater, only _( 被告知演出结束了）Multiple choice 1. Would you mind _ the door? A.open B, openin

14、g C, to open D, opened 2.“ So much for the new words and expressions; let?s go on _the text.” the teacher said with a smile. A.to talk about B, talking about C, to be talking D, talk about 3.I?m sorry, but I?ve forgotten _my homework with me.A, to bring B, to be bring C, bringing D, brought 4.This r

15、oom needs _. It?s too shabby.A.paint B. painting C. to pain D. painted 5.Have you considered _ to improve your spoken English? A.practising listening and speakingB, practising to listen and speak 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 17 页4 C.to practise listening and speaking D. to pr

16、actise to listen and speak 6. At the age of 18 he began _ the importance of knowledge. A.understand B. understanding C. understood D. to understand 7. In the old days, many people couldn?t afford _their child ren to School. A. sent B, sending C, to send D send 8. - - We haven?t heard from Jane for a

17、 long time.- -What do you suppose _to her? A.was happening B, to happen C, has happened D. having happened 9.We all appreciate _ _ whenever you have time. A.Jane drop in B,Jane?s dropping in C,Jane to drop in D.Jane drops in10. Have you got used _ in Harbin? A.to living B, to live C, living D, to be

18、 living 11. Nobody is willing to go to a party without _. A. asking B, to be asked C, being asked D, having asked非谓语动词作表语1 对称原则，主语是动名词，表语一般也用动名词Seeing is believing 2 动名词作表语表明主语的性质或内容（有时可与主语互换）My job is teaching you English Teaching you English is my job. 不定式作表语 : (1)计划，趋势将要做的she is to get married ne

19、xt week. (2)责任，义务必须做的I?m to see you off at the airpo rt tomorrow (3)祈使 ,命令不得不做的You?re to stand here ,do you understand .(4)命运安排 ,注定做的Disney met the mouse and he was to become a famous artist. 分词作表语表示主语的特点特征. 现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动；不及物动词的过去分词表示完成The book is interesting and the students are moved . He is c

20、ome. The quests are gone. The leaves are fallen. 非谓语动词作定语动名词作定语表示被修饰词用途drinking water =the water that is (used )for drinking drinking water , living room ,sitting room ,washing powder 分词作定语，表被修饰词的特点、特征.单个分词作定语前置，分词短语作定语，放在所修饰词之后。现在分词和过去分词的区别：时态上，现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示已经完成；语态上，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动boiling wat

21、er =the water that is boiling. fallen leaves, boiled water sleeping child =the child who is asleep a moving film, a moved girl There was a surprised look on her face at the news. 动词不定式作定语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 17 页5 1.后置，表示将来In the years to come, we will study harder an

22、d harder. This is the Hope Project School to be built next year. .2.当特定的谓语动词(有,需要 ,给,找,弄 have, need, want, give, find, get) 后的名词 (或宾语 )用不定式来修饰 . 1. I have a lot of work to do . 2.I want to get something to read . 3.Do you need some water to drink? 4.Please give me a piece of paper to write on. 5.Let

23、?s find a room to put those things in .3.当名词有特定的定语,如形容词副词的最高级 ,序数词及next, only, right 等,其后接不定式作定语He is the first(student) to come and the last to leave. Where is the best place to meet ? We need the next room to hold corn. He is the only person to be fit for the job. 4.一些需要不定式作宾语的动词转化成的名词,agreement,

24、attempt, decision, need, promise, plan, wish 等,常用不定式来修饰. There is no need to send for a doctor . 注:(1)不及物动词或特殊用法,要加合适的介词. They need a house to live in. There are many model bikes to choose from. Practise Fill in the blanks with verbs given in their proper forms 1)The man _(stand )over there now. 2 T

25、he man _(stand)over there then. 3 The man _(stand )over there yesterday. 4 The man _(stand ) over there very often. 5 The man _(stand )over there tomorrow. Fill in the blanks with verbs given in their proper forms 1 The man _(stand )over there now is from America. 2 The man _(stand)over there then i

26、s from America. 3 The man _(stand )over there yesterday is from America . 4 The man _(stand ) over there very often is from America . 5 The man _(stand )over there tomorrow is from America . Fill in the blanks with verbs given in their proper forms 1, The building _(build )here now. 2, The building

27、_(build )here then. 3, The building _(build )here last year. 4, The building _(build )here very often. 5, The building _(build)here already. 6, The building _(build)here next year. Fill in the blanks with verbs given in their proper forms 1, The building _(build )here now is a school . 精选学习资料 - - -

28、- - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 17 页6 2, The building _(build )here then is a school . 3, The building _(build )here last year is a school . 4, The building _(build )here very often is a school 5, The building _(build)here already is a school. 6, The building _(build)here next year. Task: co

29、mplete the following sentences 1. Do you know the girl _ (名叫沙丽的）？2.Who is the woman _( 站在柜台后的）3.What is the house _(在建的） used for? 4.We?ll move into the building _( 明年竣工的）5.Her wish _ （当一名作家）will surely come true. 6.Where do you think is the best place _( 放这个书架）？7.Can you get me _（一些水喝）8.Who is the

30、right person _ （适合这项工作）？9.It?s fall already and you can see _(地上有很多落叶）10. Who is the boy _ （经常在操场上踢足球）？Multiple choice 1.At the sight of the stranger, there was a _expression on her face A.Surprised B, surprising C, shocking D, angry 2.The supermarket_ is the biggest one in our city. A.having alread

31、y been built B, hasing already been built C.being already built D, already built 非谓语动词作补语一、带 to 的不定式作宾补( a bright pace foul 一次聪明的速度犯规) A 在 allow, ask, advise, beg, command, cause, encourage, expect, force, get, hate invite like order permit prefer remind tell urge want ,wish 等动词后 ,用带 to 的不定式作宾补(1)I

32、prefer you not to play all day long. (2)I?d like you to help me with my homework.(3) You?d better get more people to do the work.二、表示见解看法的动词+ 宾语+ 带 to 的不定式 (to be doing/ to have done). 具有这种用法的动词有 :believe, consider, declare, discover, feel, find,guess, imagine, judge, suppose, think, understand 1, W

33、e found the rumor true. 2, I consider him to have done wrong. 3, I always imagine me to be a millionaire. 4, I felt him to be a spy 三、 “ 短语动词+ 宾语 + 带 to 的不定式 ” 这类动词有arrange for, ask for, call on, count on, depend on, long for, rely on, wait for 1.You can not count on Tom to help you. 2Chairman Mao c

34、alled on us to serve the people heart and soul. 四、省 to 的不定式作宾补：宾补省 to 记 11,一感二听三使役;五看一帮两均可,被动该 to 不能弃. feel,hear,listen to,have,let,make,see,look at,notice,observe,watch,help We often see them play football; They are often seen to play football He was made to stand outside for two hours 精选学习资料 - - -

35、 - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 17 页7 分词短语作宾补一.能带现在分词做宾补的动词有: have ,get ,keep ,set ,send ,leave, catch, hear ,listen to,feel , see , find ,look at ,watch ,observe ,notice My father had only two men working for him Don?t have the horse running so fast ,It?s dangerous .Have you noticed the bo

36、y passing across the street ? 过去分词作宾补二、能带过去分词作宾补的动词有make ,have ,get leave 及感官动词see ,watch ,look at ,find hear listen to ,feel 等.宾语与补语的关系是被动含义时，用过去分词作宾补I was surprised to see so many people seated at the back of the class. I have never heard this song sung so sweetly You?d better get your bike repair

37、ed at once Task: complete the following sentences 1.They required me _( 不要泄漏秘密）2._（我们劝他戒烟）,but he wouldn,t.3.We often go and see them _(打篮球）4.I discovered him _( 在说谎）5.We found them _( 已经提前完成了任务）6.They were made _( 夜以继日地干活）7.The two cheats _( 让灯亮了一整夜）8.The thief was caught _( 在商店里偷窃）9.The gunshot se

38、nt the birds _( 四处飞去）10.They are expected _(越来越努力学习）Multiple choice 1.The missing boy was last seen _ by the river. A.playing B, play C, played D, to play 2.Don?t have the horse _ so fast; It?s dangerous.A, to run B, runs C, running D, ran 3.Tom had his pocket _ on a bus this morning. A, pick B, to

39、pick C, picking D, picked 4.People in the south often have their houses _ bamboo. A.made of B, making of C, to be made of D, make of 5. People _on the coast often have their houses _by hurricanes A,living;damaging B, living;damaged C,lived,damaged D,live;damage 6.I will go back to our hometown. Do y

40、ou have anything _home? A.to take B, taking C, to be taken D, taken 7. Please come here; I have something important _ you. A, telling B, to be told C, told D, to tell 8. Girls are not allowed _ their fingernails red at school. A.painted B, painting C. to paint D, to be painted 9. You?d better get mo

41、re people _ the work immediately.A to do B, doing C do D, done 10. You?d better get the work _ at once; It?s gong to rain.A to do B, doing C do D, done 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 17 页8 11. Miss Sara, I _ at the railway station. My boss is busy now. A am going to see you off

42、 B, to see you off C. am about to see you off D, must see you off 12.What he said got us _ all the way. A. laughing B, laugh C ,to laugh D, laughed 非谓语动词作状语（1）不定式做状语，表示原因,目的或结果，为了强调目的,可与 in order to 、so as to 连用。1,I reached home only to find my old dog dead . 2, He got up early (in order)to catch th

43、e early bus . 3,To improve our English, we come here. 4, I?m so glad to see you.5,They went to the railway station, only to be told that the train had left. 注: (1)“only + 不定式 ” 表示出乎预料的结果. He went to the seaside only to be drowned (2)不定式表结果常与下列结构连用. A, so + adj/ adv + as(not) to do (如此 以至于 (没） ) I?m

44、not so stupid as to do that.B, such + ( adj ) n + as (not )to do (如此 以至于 (不) ) I?m not such a fool as to believe that.C, enough + n + to do (足够 ) I don?t have enough money to buy a car.D, adj/adv + enough + to do (足已到 /能 ) The girl is old enough to go to school. E, too + adj / adv + to do (太 以至于不能 )

45、 I?m too tired to go any further.分词作状语分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式，及独立成分。分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词与逻辑主语的关系是主动的，用现在分词，反之，用过去分词1, Hearing the news ,he couldn?t help laughing . （时间）= 2, Given enough time ,I can do it better （条件）= 3, Being ill ,he didn?t go to school （原因）= 4, The glass fell to the groun

46、d ,breaking into pieces. ( 结果）= 5, Our teacher came in ,followed by many students ( 伴随）= 6, Judging from his accent, he is from America. 7, Generally speaking, one must be confident. Task: complete the following sentences 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 17 页9 1.He came into the

47、room , _( 后面簇拥着许多学生）2.His mother died, _( 使他成为一个孤儿）3.He went to the railway station, _( 却得知火车已经开了）4. I?m so glad _(见到你） . Bye-by. 5.We got up early _( 为了赶上早班车）6. _( 从山顶上看） ,the park looks more beautiful. 7._（作为学生） ，he always keeps a civil tongue. 8._(因为残疾），Tom cannot move around. 9.He is so lazy _(

48、以至于考试没有及格）10.She is old enough _（结婚）11.You can never be too careful _ （做工作）12.She is too clever _(不会不理解你的话）13.One is never too old _ (而不能学习）14.I am but too happy _( 被邀请参加你的聚会）15._( 从口音上判断 ), you?re a Harbinese16.I?m not such a fool _( 会相信你的鬼话）17.He went to help the old man, _( 却被关进监狱）非谓语动词的时态、语态主动语态

49、时态不定式动名词分词一般时to do doing doing 进行时to be doing 完成时to have done having done having done 被动语态一般时to be done being done done 进行时being done 完成时to have been done having been done having been done 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 17 页10 非谓语动词用法归纳（二）动名词时态、语态的用法1.动名词的一般形式表示一般性动作， （即是不明确过去，

50、现在或将来的动作）或是与谓语动词同时发生的动作We are interested in climbing mountains I prefer singing to dancing 2 如果强调动名词的完成时，要用完成形式I regret having taken her advice. He was praised for having passed the exam . 3 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语是该动名词的承受者，这个动名词要用被动形式He entered the room without being seen He remembered being taken to Beijing