2022年小升初英语复习资料易错题 2.pdf
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1、优秀教案欢迎下载一:学生易错词汇1. a, an 的选择 : 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用 a. 2. am , is , are 的选择 : 单数用 is , 复数用 are. I 用 am , you 用are. 3. have , has 的选择 : 表示某人有某物。 单数用 has , 复数用 have. I , you 用 have . 4. there is, there are 的选择 :表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is , 复数用 there are. 5. some, any 的选择 :肯定句用 some, 疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的
2、选择 :what (什么 ) who (谁) where (哪里 ) whose (谁的) why(为什么) when(什么时候)which(哪一个) how old ( 多大 ) how many (多少) how much(多少钱)二:形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。 比较级的句子结构通常是:什么 + 动词 be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级+ than(比) + 什么 ,如:I m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只
3、大象比一只老虎更大。)形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: 一般的直接在 词尾加 er ,如tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以 e 结尾的,直接加r ,如fine finer , 以辅音字母 加 y 结尾的,先改y 为 i 再加 er,如 funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加er,如 big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter 注意比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误: My hair is longer than you. (我的头发比你更长。)比较的两者是我的头发、你(整
4、个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或 My hair is longer than your hair. 比较级专项练习 : 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavy tall long big (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4)How is the fish? Its 2kg.二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) Im 12 years old. You
5、re 14. Imthan you. (2) A rabbits tail isthan a monkeys tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig. (4) A lake is than a sea. (5) A basketball is than a football. 三、根据中文完成句子. (1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I mthan my brother. (2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he. (4) 谁比你重 ? than you?四、根据答句写出问
6、句(1) I m 160 cm. (2) I m 12 years old.(4) Amy s hair is 30 cm long.三: 动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以 e 结尾的动词直接加d:如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词要改y 为 i 再加 ed (此类动词较少)如study studied carry carried worry worried (注意 play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)双写最后一个字母
7、(此类动词较少)如stopped 、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink
8、drank , hurt hurt , feel felt 四:动词现在分词详解动词的 ing 形式的构成规则:一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如 doing , going , working , singing , eating 以 e 结尾的动词,要先去e 再加 ing,如 having , writing 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五: 人称和数人称代词物主代词主格 宾格第一人称 单数 I(我) me my(我的) 复数 we(我们) us our(我们的)第二人称 单数 you (你) you
9、your(你的) 复数 you (你们) you your(你们的)第三人称 单数 he(他) him his(他的) she(她) her her(她的) it(它) it its(它的)复数 they(他们 /她们 /它们) them their(他们的 /她们的 /它们的)六:句型专项归类1、 肯定句 :是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I wat
10、ched TV yesterday evening. 2、否定句: 含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I m not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (aren t) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00.I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening. 注意小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词
11、“not ”。 有动词 be的句子则 “not ”加在 be后面,可缩写成 “isn t, aren t ”,精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 13 页优秀教案欢迎下载但 am not 一般都分开写。 没有动词 be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did ”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什
12、么人称和数,都用“did ” 。3、 一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子, 此类句子必须用“yes”, 或“no”来回答。如: Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not.Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Are you going to buy
13、 a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,把动词 be 调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符
14、号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did ”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did ” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词( what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how 等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么
15、,不能用 “yes 、no” 来回答。如:What is this? It s a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? I m going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer. When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this? It s Am
16、ys.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? I m fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train. 其中 how 又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:how many(多少 (数量 )), how much (多少 (钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长) , how big(多大) , how heavy(多重)例句: How many pencils
17、 do you have? I have three pencils. How many girls can you see? I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51. 小结: how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,How many + 名词复数+ do you have? 你有多少 ?How many + 名词复数+ can you see? 你能看见多少 ?How many + 名词复数+ are there?有多少 ?七: 完全、缩略形式: I
18、 m=I am hes=he is shes=she is they re=they areyoure=you are there s=there is they re=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isn t=is not aren t=are not let s=let us wont=will notI ll=I will wasnt=was not总结:通常情况下,m 即 am,s 即 is(但 let s=let us), re即 are , nt 即 not (但 cant=can not )八: 与字母相关的题
19、型( 注: 五个元音字母是Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu ) 一.将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii 二.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( ) 三.用小写字母抄写下列单词。1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( ) 三.将全是元
20、音字母的那一组圈起来1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E 四.写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写)。1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( ) 九: pep 小学英语词汇不完全归类表学习用品 (school things) :pen钢笔 pencil 铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler 尺子book 书bag包comic book 漫画书post card明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag 书
21、包eraser橡皮crayon 蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book 故事书notebook 笔记本Chinese book 语文书English book 英语书math book 数学书magazine 杂志dictionary 词典人体( body):foot 脚head头face 脸hair 头发nose鼻子mouth 嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm 手臂hand手finger 手指leg 腿tail 尾巴颜色( colours ):red 红blue 蓝yellow 黄green 绿white 白black 黑pink 粉红purple 紫 orange橙 brown 棕动
22、物( animals):cat 猫dog 狗pig 猪duck 鸭rabbit 兔horse 马elephant大象ant 蚂蚁fish 鱼bird 鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse 老鼠squirrel 松鼠kangaroo 袋鼠monkey 猴panda 熊猫bear熊lion 狮子tiger 老虎fox 狐狸zebra 斑马deer鹿giraffe 长颈鹿goose鹅hen 母鸡turkey 火鸡lamb 小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow 奶牛donkey 驴squid 鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼 seal海豹 sperm whale 抹香鲸 kille
23、r whale 虎鲸人物( people):friend 朋友boy 男孩girl 女孩mother 母亲father 父亲sister姐妹brother 兄弟uncle 叔叔;舅舅man 男人woman 女人Mr. 先生Miss 小姐lady 女士;小姐mom 妈妈dad爸爸精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 13 页优秀教案欢迎下载parents父母grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother(外)祖母grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父aunt 姑姑cousin 堂(表)兄弟;堂(表
24、)姐妹son 儿子daughter 女儿baby 婴儿kid 小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor 参观者neighbour 邻居principal 校长university student 大学生pen pal笔友tourist 旅行者people 人物robot 机器人职业( jobs):teacher教师student学生doctor 医生nurse 护士driver 司机farmer 农民singer 歌唱家writer 作家actor 男演员actress女演员artist 画家TV reporter 电视台记者engineer 工程师accountant会计pol
25、iceman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseball player 棒球运动员assistant售货员police 警察食品、饮料( food & drink ):rice 米饭bread 面包beef 牛肉milk 牛奶water 水egg 蛋fish 鱼tofu 豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog 热狗hamburger 汉堡包French fries 炸薯条cookie 曲奇biscuit 饼干jam 果酱noodles面条meat 肉chicken 鸡肉pork 猪肉mutton 羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad 沙拉soup 汤ice 冰ice-cr
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