2022年高中英语非谓语动词用法 .pdf

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1、1 高三新课程英语第一轮复习语法探究非谓语【网络双基，透视考点 】【高屋建瓴：辨析谓语动词与非谓语动词】1. We should serve the people heart and soul.（谓语）2.I am reading a novel.（谓语）3.She found English hard to learn.（状语）4.Seeing is believing. （主语；表语）5.The results obtained are quite satisfactory. （定语）6.Please stop speaking .（宾语）7.I found him reading in

2、bed.（宾语补足语）在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做谓语动词； 在句子中不担任谓语的动词叫非谓语动词（三种形式不定式to do; 动名词 doing; 分词 doing/done ） 。 不定式 to do; 动名词 doing 都可相当于名词 ,不定式表具体的、一次性动作、要做的事情，动名词表习惯、爱好、或抽象的动作、经常做的事情， 在句中担任主语、宾语、 表语。 不定式 to do; 分词 doing/done 相当于形容词；副词在句中可作定语，表语，状语和补足语。【熟读深思子自知；体验非谓语基础用法】一.主语（不定式；动名词）1.Playing with fire is dangerous

3、./ Smoking is not allowed here. 2.There is no joking about such matters./ There is no telling what will happen in the future. 3. It is no use / good crying for spilt milk./ It is a waste of time playing computer games .4.To smoke so much is not good for you./ To see is to believe. 5.It is right to g

4、ive up smoking . / It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. 6.It is very kind of you to give me some help.You are very kind to give me some help. 二.宾语（不定式；动名词）1.Missing the train means waiting f or another hour2.He had a good time in travelling abroad this summer vacation.3.I should like to

5、 see him tomorrow./We managed to finish our work on time . 4.I made it a rule only to speak English in class. /I find / feel it interesting to work with him 5.I like skating ,but I don t like to skate today. 6.The road is covered with some fallen trees and they need removing/to be removed immediatel

6、y. 7.Dont you remembe r seeing the man before? Please remember to send the letter t o him. 三.表语（不定式；动名词；分词）1.Their jog is building houses . (抽象、经常的动作) 2.Their work is to build another bridge across the river. (具体、要做的动作) 3.Travelling is interesting but tiring.4.The pupils will get confused if they ar

7、e made to learn too much. 四. 定语（不定式、动名词和分词）1.Wed better find some work for the children to do. 2. He is the first one to_help(help) me with computer. 3. Your ability to analyze the problem really surprised us. 4. Do you have anything to send？(是主语 you 送) 5. Do you have anything to_be_sent ？(不是主语you 送

8、，是别人送) 6.The plan to_be_made is of vital importance. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 35 页2 7.Barking dogs seldom bite. 8.The building being constructed will be used as a library.( 现在正在进行的被动) 9. The water polluted by the factory should be to blame. 10.The teacher is satisfied wit

9、h our satisfying performance in class, which can be seen from her satisfied expression on her face. 五. 状语（不定式和分词）1. He made a long speech, only to_show (show) his ignorance of the subject. 2.Encouraged(encourage) by these successes, they decided to expand the business. 3. When leaving t he airport,

10、they waved again and again to us. 4. Not_having_received (not receive) an answer, he decided to write another letter to them. 5. Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking. 6. He worked deep into the night, preparing(prepare) a speech for the president.7. I got up very early this

11、 morning to prepare breakfast for my family.8. She is so kind as to help me .She is so kind that she helps me. 9. She is such a kind girl as to help me .She is such a kind girl that she helps me. 10. Im only too pleased to help you.11. One is never too old to learn . 12. Seating himself/Seated ( Sit

12、ting) in the room, he is absorbed in reading. 13.It being Sunda y, we neednt go to school. ?Because it is Sunday, we neednt go to school. 14. All the work done, you can have a rest.?If all the work is done, you can have a rest. 六. 宾语补足语（不定式和分词）1. My father permits me to_surf(surf) the Internet at th

13、e weekend. 2. The children were last seen playing (play) by the river. 3.She saw the old man cross the road.?The old man was seen to cross the road.4.Finally I got my car running ./5. The teacher often gets us to recite texts . 6. Id like to get my car cleaned before the New Year. 7. I made my littl

14、e brother cry .?My little brother was made to cry.8. I spoke clearly and slowly to make myself heard (hear) and understood. 9.The teacher often has us debate(debate) in class. 10. They had the lights burning(burn) while working. 11. Nancy will have her house painted . 12.I will go to the supermarket

15、 and have many things to buy. Do you have anything to be bought?13.They went home, leaving much work unfinished (unfinish)14. I have once seen the child caught stealing money. 15.I found the little boy lying(lie ) under the tree when I passed by. 16.The teacher wanted the paper (to be) finished in a

16、n hour. 7. with 复合结构(1)With_the_children_following_him(由于孩子跟着他), he had to go back to the park. (2) With the work finished, he could go home. (3) With the weather so hot, they went in to have a rest. (4) His wife came down the stairs, with a book in her hand (a book in her handbook in hand) (5) The

17、students stood in line with the national flag being raised.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 35 页3 【考点归纳】考点一 : 分词，不定式作状语的时态语态： 不定式一般式表to do 表晚于，进行时 to be doing同时完成时to have done 早于主语动词。分词的时态和语态与主语动词同时，应用现在分词。分词作时间状语，如果先于主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用having done。1. The secretary worked late into t

18、he night, _a long speech for the president. A. to prepareB. preparingC. preparedD. was preparing2._ a reply, he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received 3. _by the teacher， Li Ming gave up smoking A. Having been criticizedB. Being Criticize

19、d C. Criticized D. Having criticized 4. He seemed _ by his father since he looked upset then. A. to be scolded B. to have been scolded C. being scolded D. scolded 5.Eyes are known _ a powerful part of human body. A. being B. having been C. to beD. to have been 6. Charles Babbage is generally conside

20、red _ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have inventedD. having invented 7._ is an important qualification for the job. A. Having studied computer B. Having studying computer C. To study computer D. Study computer 8. While shopping, people sometime can t help _ into buying something

21、 they don t really need. A. to pursue B. persuading C. being persuadedD. be persuaded 考点二 : 不定式与动名词作主宾语：1.The officers narrowly escaped_ in the hot battle. A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed 2.“ Have you decided when_?” “ Yes, tomorrow morning.”A. to be leaving B. to leaveC. w

22、ill you leave D. are you leaving 3. She _ me when I passed by. A. didn t pretend to see B. pretended not seeing C. pretended not to see 4.My sister is interested in _ in her free time. A. watch TV B. reading books C. listening music D. plays basketball 5. Would you like _ some bread or biscuits? No

23、thanks. I don t feel like anything now. A. to have, eatingB. to have, to eat C. having, to eat D. having, eating 6.My grandfather wants _around the world because he enjoys _new places. A. traveling , seeing B. to travel , to see C. to travel, seeingD. traveling ,to see 考点三：分词和不定时作定语的时态语态问题：-ing form

24、 表示正在进行的动作, pp 表示已经完成的动作, to do 表示将来的动作。现在分词的被动式（being done）强调某一动作正在被进行中；过去分词表示某一（被动）动作已经（结束）完成，不强调时间概念；不定式的被动式（to be done）表示一个还没有发生的被动动作。1. He attends the meeting _in the room now. He attended the meeting _yesterday. He will attend the meeting _tomorrow. A. being held B. held. C. to be held D havin

25、g been held 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 35 页4 考点四：宾语补足语-ing form 与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；pp 与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；(to) do 只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。1. If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air_ against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move 2.They would not

26、 allow him_ across the enemy line. A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 3.Don t leave the water _ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 4. My mother often asks me _ some cleaning on Sundays A do B. does C. did D. to do 5. I watched her _ in

27、the next room last night . A.dancing B. to dance C. dances D. dance 考点五：定语和表语现在分词还是过去分词1.The story was _,we were all _. A. moving, moving B. moved, moved C. moving, moved D. moved, moving 2.There is a _ expression on his face. Maybe the problem is too difficult for him. A. puzzled B. puzzling C. puz

28、zle D. to puzzle 3.With his son too_, the father was sad. A. disappointed B. disappointing 考点六：不定式符号to 的有无问题1.Let s _swimming after the exam . A.goB. goes C. to go D. went 2.Martin looks so well. We ve never seen him _ so well before.A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look 3. She could do noth

29、ing but _ because I had no choice but _ A. cry ; to cry B. to cry ; cry C. crying ; to cry D. to cry ; crying 4. He is often heard _ the songI often hear him _ the song When I passed by your room last night , I heared you _ an English song. We often hear the song _ in English. A. sing B. to sing C.

30、sung D. singing 5. We don t allow _here. We don t allow students_. Students are not allowed _ here . A. smoking B. to smoke C. smoke D smoked 6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_. John passed his driving test, but I expected him _. A. not to B. not to do C. n

31、ot do it D. do not to 7. She can t help _ the house because she s busy making a cake. A. to cleanB. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 考点七：不定式，分词作状语：1.Robert is said _ abroad, but I don t know what country he studied in. A .to have studiedB. to study C. to be study D. to have been studying 2._ in

32、thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 35 页5 A. Losing B. Having lost C. LostD. To lose 3._ late in the morning , Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept 4. European football is played in 80 countrie

33、s, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. makingB. makes C. made D. to make 5.He was busy writing a story , only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. A. to stop B. stoppingC. to have stopped D. having stopped He hurried to the station , only _ the train had lelt. A.to find B. finding C. to

34、have found D. having found 6. _ the big snake , the little girl stood under the tree_. A. Seeing ; frightened B. Seeing ; frightening C. Seen ; frightened D. To see ; frightening 二、体验高考（ 2012-2011各省非谓语高考真题）1. I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. (12安徽

35、) A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 2. When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. (12 安徽 ) A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked 3. One learns a language by making mistakes and _ them. (12北京 ) A. corrects B.

36、 correct C.to correct D. correcting 4. _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. (12北京 ) A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use 5. The party will be held in the garden, weather _ . (12新课标 ) A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 6. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_such art

37、forms as music and painting. (12 新课标 ) A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to 7. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _in the South China Sea. (12福建 ) A. attacking B. having attacked C. being attacked

38、D. having been attacked 8. Pressed from his parents, and _that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games. (12福建 ) A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized 9. We ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _to achieve the final success. (12湖南 )

39、 A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do 10. Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank. (12湖南 ) A. to use B. used C. using D. use 11. The lecture, _at 7:00 pm laze night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. (12湖南 ) A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started 12

40、. _an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (12江苏 ) A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base 13. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school_to the new students. ( 12江西 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 35 页6 A. speaki

41、ng B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken 14. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter_him it. (12江西 ) A. offered B. offering C. to offer D. to be offered 15.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _them. (12辽宁 ) A. to follow B

42、. following C. followed D. follows 16. This machine is very easy _. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. (12辽宁 ) A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate 17. George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. (12山东 ) A. to be told B. telling C. being told D.

43、told 18.After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _. (12山东 ) A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide 19._ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad . (12陕西 ) A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand 20.If he takes on this w

44、ork, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge. (12陕西 ) A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet 21. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky. (12四川 ) A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found 22. I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree

45、 to catch its breakfast. (12四川 ) A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 23. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _.(12四川 ) A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash 24. He got up late and hurried to his office, _the breakfast untouched. (12天津 ) A. left B. to leave C. leaving

46、D. having left 25. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better _silent.(12浙江 ) A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain 26. Its a such nice place, Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customs. (12浙江 ) A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reserving D

47、. reserved 27._to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. (12重庆 ) A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked 28. We re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will in the future of our company. (2012重庆 ) A. to be made B. being made C. made D.

48、 having been made 29.The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house. (11 全国卷 I) A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 30.The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. （11全国卷 II）A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 31.Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _nothing about

49、the argument. （11全国卷 II）A. says B: said C. to say D. saying 32.Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on your feet.（11北京卷）A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept 33. It s no use _ without taking action. (11 上海卷 ) A. complain B. complaining C. being complained D. to be

50、 complained 34.The rare fish, _ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. (11 上海卷 ) A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 35 页7 35. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, _ that he could