2020届高考英语江苏省二轮复习训练题：第三篇 考前20天 单项填空专练4组 .docx

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1、单项填空专练4组题组1.(2018江苏, 32)Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the youve made. A.assignmentB.associationC.acquisitionD.assumption答案D句意:努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事,而不是根据自己的假设采取行动。考查名词辨析。assumption 假定;假设。符合语境。assignment 任务;作业。association 协会;联合。acquisition (知识、技能等的)获得;得到。2.(2019天津,7)We can

2、 observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) on our lives in many ways.A.statementB.impactC.impressionD.judgment答案B本题考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们可以看出人工智能已经在很多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。make an impact on对产生影响,对有影响力。A:声明,陈述;C:印象;D:判断力。3.(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astron

3、omical incidents. But explanations are hard to find.A.alternativeB.aggressiveC.ambiguousD.apparent答案A句意:恐龙灭绝未必是由天体碰撞事件造成的,但是也很难找到其他的解释。本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知选择alternative“可供替代的,其他的”。aggressive“咄咄逼人的,有进取心的”,ambiguous“模棱两可的”,apparent“显而易见的”。4.(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish

4、 Ia second chance to become more involved.A.hadB.will haveC.would have hadD.have had答案A句意:这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活,我希望自己还能有机会去更多地参与其中。考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句中往往用虚拟语气,此处表达现在的一个愿望,谓语动词要用过去式,所以答案为A项。5.(2016江苏,30)Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climate for business creat

5、ion.A.fallen offB.taken offC.turned offD.left off答案B句意:多亏适宜创业的宽松氛围,很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。考查动词短语辨析。fall off减少,下降;take off成功,起飞,脱掉;turn off关闭;leave off停止。6.(2019天津,8)Amy, as well as her brothers, a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.A.is givenB.are givenC.was givenD.were given答案C本题结合时态考

6、查主谓一致。句意:上周埃米和她的哥哥们回到村庄时,受到了热烈的欢迎。根据句中时间状语last week可知,此处需用一般过去时;当主语后面出现as well as, with, together with, along with, instead of, rather than等词时句子的谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。本句的主语为Amy且与动词give构成被动关系,故答案为was given。7.(2018江苏,30)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan in the past two years

7、.A.had been carried outB.would be carried outC.is being carried outD.has been carried out答案A句意:上个月我被派到这个村子来看看在过去的两年发展计划的实施情况。考查动词的时态。设空处表示的动作应该发生在主句谓语动词was sent之前,属于“过去的过去”,所以要用过去完成时,故答案为A项。8.(2017江苏,27)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he.A.was being followedB.was followingC.had be

8、en followedD.followed答案A句意:他匆忙往家赶,从未回头看看是否有人跟着他。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知,设空处应用被动语态,因此排除B、D两项。从题干中的hurried可知语境为过去;C项是过去完成时,表示跟踪这个动作发生在往家赶之前,与语境不符;而过去进行时的被动语态表示当时正在被跟踪,故选A项。9.(2018江苏,33)Chinas soft power grows the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.A.in line withB.in reply toC.in r

9、eturn forD.in honour of答案A句意:中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连的。考查介词短语。in line with与相似;与紧密相连。符合语境。in reply to答复。in return for作为回报。in honour of 为向表示尊敬。10.(2017江苏,21)Many Chinese brands,their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.A.having developedB.being developedC.

10、developedD.developing答案A句意:很多中国的品牌,已经积攒了几百年的声誉,正在面临着来自现代市场的挑战。本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知题干中两个逗号中间的部分为非谓语动词短语,develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands,两者之间为主动关系;根据时间状语over centuries可知用having done的形式,故选择A项。题组1.(2016江苏,23)Many young people,most were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A.of wh

11、ichB.of themC.of whomD.of those答案C句意:很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。考查定语从句。most were well-educated为定语从句,先行词为many young people,指人,故排除A项;B项和D项都不能引导从句,故选C项。2.(2016江苏,34)Not until recently the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. A.they had encouragedB.had they encouragedC.d

12、id they encourageD.they encouraged答案C句意:直到近期,他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活动的发展。考查倒装句。not until位于句首时,句子用部分倒装结构,故排除A项和D项;根据recently可知此处并非指“过去的过去”,故排除B项。此处指过去所发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。3.(2018江苏,26)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period,the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A.having exceededB.

13、to exceedC.exceededD.exceeding答案D句意:这段时期大约一万三千五百个新工作被创造出来,超过了市场分析专家预测的一万两千个。考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作状语,与Around 13,500 new jobs是主动关系,且没有动作发生前后的关系,要用v.-ing形式的一般式,所以答案为D项。4.(2016江苏,32)Only those who have a lot in common can get along well. Opposites sometimes do attract.A.I hope notB.I think so C.I appreciat

14、e thatD.I beg to differ答案D句意:只有那些有很多共同之处的人才能相处得很好。恕我不能同意。有时候对立的事物确实也很有吸引力。本题考查情景交际。I hope not但愿不是这样; I think so和I appreciate that都表示赞同; I beg to differ恕我不能同意。根据Opposites sometimes do attract.可知,后者不同意前者的看法,故选D项。情景交际的考查体现了英语的交际功能。考生在解题时必须充分理解语境,另外还不能受到母语的影响,所选交际用语必须符合英语习惯。5.(2018江苏,31)Hopefully in 202

15、5 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we more convenient electronic communication tools by then.A.have developedB.had developedC.will have developedD.developed答案C句意:在2025年我们有望不再互相发电子邮件了,因为到那时我们就已经开发出更便捷的电子交流工具了。考查动词时态。根据语境和时间状语in 2025,by then可知,此处表达“说话者认为在将来某个时间已经完成某事了”,所以要用将来完成时,故答案为C项。6

16、.(2019天津,14)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they the task in half the time.A.accomplishedB.had accomplishedC.would accomplishD.would have accomplished答案D本题考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好地组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成这项任务。表示对过去的虚拟,需用would/could/might/should have done sth.的形式,故选D项。7.(2017江苏,23)Located the B

17、elt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.where答案D句意:由于位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处,江苏将对“一带一路”的建设贡献更多。本题考查地点状语从句。设空处引导地点状语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导,故选择D项。8.(2016江苏,21)It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A.whyB.whatC.as

18、D.that答案D句意:对于那些不放弃希望的人来说,发生什么都是有可能的,这是很常见的。本题考查名词性从句。本句中it为形式主语,空格处引导的从句为真正的主语,从句结构和意义完整,应由that引导主语从句。故选D项。在解决名词性从句相关考题时,分析句子结构、判断句子成分非常关键。It is often the case that.也可以被看成是一个固定句型。9.(2019天津,10)Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially to help them succeed academically and person

19、ally.A.designedB.designingC.to designD.being designed答案A本题考查非谓语动词。句意:大多数大学现在为大一的学生提供一门专门为他们设计的课程,以帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。根据句子结构和逻辑关系可判断空格处为非谓语动词,修饰名词course;名词course与design为逻辑上的被动关系,排除B、C两项;设空处表示“完成”,故答案为A项。D项表示被动且正在进行。10.(2018江苏,29)you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay moti

20、vated after one or two nights.A.OnceB.UnlessC.IfD.When答案B句意:如果你睡不好觉的话,一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力,无法做计划,也无法保持干劲了。考查状语从句。根据语境可知此处考查条件状语从句,unless=if.not,意为“除非;如果不”。题组1.(2019天津,15)A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is established.A.properlyB.widelyC.originallyD.temporarily答案A本题考查副词词义辨析。句意:狗的饮食

21、习惯在正确建立之前需要定期训练。B:广泛地;C:最初,起初;D:临时。2.(2017江苏,33)What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?Its nothing. Just something.A.as clear as dayB.off the top of my headC.under my noseD.beyond my wildest dreams答案B句意:你T恤上的东西是什么意思啊?没什么,只是随便写上去的而已。本题考查习语。根据题干中的nothing可知没有特别含义,因此选择B项,off the top of ones head“不假思索,

22、即兴”。3.(2018江苏,28)You know what?Ive got a New Year concert ticket.Oh,Youre kidding.A.so what?B.go ahead.C.come on.D.what for?答案C句意:你知道吗?我得到了一张新年音乐会的门票。哦,算了吧。你在开玩笑。考查情景交际。come on在此处意为“算了吧;得了吧”。So what?那又怎样?Go ahead.可以。What for?为什么?4.(2017江苏,29)Only five years after Steve Jobs death, smart-phones defea

23、tedPCs in sales.A.controversialB.contradictoryC.confidentialD.conventional答案D句意:仅仅在史蒂夫乔布斯去世5年后,智能手机在销量上就打败了传统的个人电脑。本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知此题应选择D项,conventional“传统的”。controversial“有争议的”,contradictory“自相矛盾的”,confidential“机密的”。5.(2016江苏,31)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and

24、 on what basis, data are collected.A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary答案A句意:他的全面的调查就数据收集的方式和依据做出了清楚的描述。考查形容词辨析。explicit易于理解的,清楚的;ambiguous不明确的;original原先的,最初的;arbitrary武断的。6.(2019天津,5) all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.A.According toB.Instead ofC.In a

25、ddition toD.In spite of答案D本题考查短语介词。句意:尽管有那么多问题,但有几个球员表现得很出色。A:根据;B:代替,而不是;C:除之外(还有)。7.(2018江苏,23)Self-driving is an areaChina and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when答案B句意:无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家处在同一起跑线上的领域。考查定语从句。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词an area。将先行词代入定语从句后为:China and the

26、 rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area. 由此可知,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where引导。8.(2017江苏,25)Working with the medical team in Africa hasthe best in her as a doctor.A.held outB.brought outC.picked outD.given out答案B句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到了最大限度发挥。本题考查动词短语辨析。根据句意可知,应选B。bring out意为“使显现,

27、使表现出”,常构成bring out the best in sb.这一表达。9.(2018江苏,34)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A.keenB.reluctantC.anxiousD.ready答案B句意:尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕,但是宾馆经理还是不愿意在给员工足够的培训方面投资。考查形容词。reluctant 勉强的,不愿意的,符合语境。keen 热切的;着迷的。anxious 焦急的;焦虑不安的。ready 准

28、备好的;愿意的。10.(2017江苏,30)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will helpyour year ahead.A.shapeB.switchC.stretchD.sharpen答案A句意:在年底对一年的成功和失败进行一个快速的回顾会有助于你下一年的发展。本题考查动词词义辨析。shape影响的发展;switch改变,转换;stretch伸展;sharpen加剧,使尖锐。A项符合题意。故选A项。题组1.(2017江苏,31)Hes been informed that hefor the sch

29、olarship because of his academic background.A.hasnt qualifiedB.hadnt qualifiedC.doesnt qualifyD.wasnt qualifying答案C句意:他被告知由于他的学术背景,他没有资格获得奖学金。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,题干中所陈述的是事实。可以这样理解,学术背景是既定事实,短期内可能无法改变,所以用一般现在时表达更贴切。2.(2017江苏,22)not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her diff

30、iculty.A.It wereB.Were itC.It wasD.Was it答案B句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语气中通常用were。当if虚拟条件句中省略了if时,从句部分应使用倒装结构,故选择B项。3.(2019天津,4) to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.A.LearnB.LearnedC.Lear

31、ningD.Having learned答案C本题考查非谓语动词。句意:学会批判性思考是当今的孩子们未来需要的一种重要技能。不定式、动名词的一般式可作主语,故排除A项和B项;动名词的完成式往往不作主语,故排除D项。4.(2018江苏,35)What happened? Your boss seems to .Didnt you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?A.be over the moonB.laugh his head offC.be all earsD.fly off the handle答案D句意:发

32、生什么事了?你们的老板好像大发雷霆了。难道你不知道他的秘书把那份秘密报告泄露给了新闻媒体吗?考查英语习语。fly off the handle大发雷霆。符合语境。be over the moon 高兴极了。laugh ones head off狂笑不已。be all ears全神贯注地听。5.(2016江苏,26) some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.A.BecauseB.IfC.UnlessD.While答案D句意:有些人受到成功需求的激励,而有些

33、人则是受到害怕失败的激励。考查连词。while而,然而,用来表示两件事物的对比。because引导原因状语从句,if和unless引导条件状语从句。6.(2015江苏,21)The number of smokers,is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A.itB.whichC.whatD.as答案D句意:正如所报道的那样,吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为整个主句。it和what不能引导定语从句,排除A、C两项;which和as都可以引导

34、非限制性定语从句,当表示“正如”的含义时,常用as引导定语从句。故选D项。区分which和as引导的定语从句是定语从句中的一个难点,考生除了要学会分析句子结构,还要正确理解句意。7.(2018江苏,21)By boat is the only way to get here, which iswe arrived.A.whereB.whenC.whyD.how答案D句意:坐船是到达这里的唯一方式,这也是我们如何到达这里的。考查表语从句。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中设空处引导的是表语从句,结合语境和By boat可知,此处表达的是到达这里的方式,所以要用how引导。8.(2017

35、江苏,26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half ofit used to charge.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how答案C句意:我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元,这是其之前要价的一半。本题考查宾语从句。逗号后面是$20的同位语,charge后面缺少宾语,故用what引导。9.(2016江苏,29)Dashan, who crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, want

36、s to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.A.will be learningB.is learningC.had been learningD.has been learning答案D句意:大山学习中国传统喜剧形式相声已经几十年了,他想把它与西方的单口喜剧传统结合起来。根据句意以及for decades可知,“学习”这一动作从过去一直延续到了现在,并且现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时;主语Dashan为第三人称单数,故答案选D。10.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to makein agreement with the national soccer reform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements答案B句意:有些学校将不得不作出一些调整来和国家足球改革保持一致。本题考查名词词义辨析。adjustment调整;judgment评判;comment评论;achievement成就。根据句意可知选B项。足球改革是一个热门话题,本题语境富有时代气息。备选项都为考生所熟悉的词汇,意义区分也非常明显,考生根据语境不难选出正确答案。