必修三Unit5Languagepoints.ppt

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1、人教课标版人教课标版高一高一 必修必修 3Unit 5Language points 1. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. 她们不想一路乘飞机，她们决定先她们不想一路乘飞机，她们决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。加拿大到达东海岸。 rather than 表示客观事实，意为表示客观事实，意为“是是而不是而不是；与其；与

2、其不不如如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词词、代词、形容词、介词(短语短语)、动名、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。词、分句、不定式、动词等。 (1) 连接两个名词或代词连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。是你而不是我要去要野营。 rather than 连接两个名词或代词连接两个名词或代词作主语

3、时，谓语动词应与作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。一致。注意！(2) 连接两个形容词连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。如说它漂亮。 (3) 连接两个介词连接两个介词(短语短语)或动名词或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开

4、会，不是在大厅我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 (4) 连接两个分句连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：注意：rathe

5、r than 后接不定式时，不后接不定式时，不定式可以带定式可以带to，也可以不带，也可以不带to, 如上句。如上句。但但rather than位于句首时，则只能接位于句首时，则只能接不带不带to 的不定式。的不定式。 如如: Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。了。 (6) 连接两个动词连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里注

6、意：这里rather than 后用了后用了walked，而没有用而没有用walk，表示客观事实，而不是，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成主观愿望。如果换成walk，则作，则作“宁宁愿愿而不愿而不愿 ”解。解。 I should thank you _ that you should thank me. A. because B. rather than C. for D. asB看看 一一 例例:2. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. that引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句。 考例考例

7、 The news _ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterdays newspaper. (上海上海) A. which B. whether C. what D. that点拨点拨 选选D。our athletes won another gold medal用来说明用来说明the news的具体内容，是同位语从句，故用的具体内容，是同位语从句，故用that引导。同位语从句不能用引导。同位语从句不能用which引导。引导。 3. Going eastward, you will. -ward（s）加在前置词上，

8、构成）加在前置词上，构成副词，表示方向副词，表示方向backward(s)向后，向后，upward (s)向上。向上。其他副词后缀其他副词后缀: 1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply 2)-ways, always, sideways 3)-wise, otherwise, clockwise 4. People think it is Canadas most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 许多人认为温哥华是加拿大最美许多人认为温哥华是加拿大最美的城市，因为它被大山包围

9、，濒的城市，因为它被大山包围，濒临太平洋。临太平洋。surround vt. 包围包围, 围绕围绕; 圈住圈住Trees surround our house.我们房子的四周都是树。我们房子的四周都是树。The police surrounded the house.警察包围了这幢房子。警察包围了这幢房子。 The oceans and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue and many of its cities lie on the bay.surrounding 现在分词短语做定语。现在分词短语做定语。 We could see the

10、 buildings _ by trees. A. being surrounded B. surrounded C. to be surrounded D. surround B5. Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canadas most popular cities to live in. 落基山脉可落基山脉可以滑雪，海港供你扬帆，这些使得以滑雪，海港供你扬帆，这些使得温哥华成为加拿大最受欢迎的居住温哥华成为加拿大最受欢迎的居住城市之一。城市之一。分析分析 本句结

11、构是：主语（本句结构是：主语（Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour） + 谓语（谓语（make） + 宾语宾语（Vancouver） + 宾语补足语（宾语补足语（one of Canadas most popular cities to live in）。）。本句用动词本句用动词-ing形式短语（形式短语（Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour）作主语。在宾语补）作主语。在宾语补足语中，动词不定式足语中，动词不定式to live in作定作定语，

12、修饰语，修饰cities。 6. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. so . that 和和such . that是常见的是常见的引导结果状语从句的句型，具体引导结果状语从句的句型，具体用法如下：用法如下：(1) so + adj. / adv. + that . (2) so + adj. + a(n) + 单数可数名词单数可数名词 + that .(3) so + many / few + 复数名词复数名词 + that .(4) so + much /

13、little + 不可数名词不可数名词 + that .(5) such + a(n) + adj. + 单数可数名词单数可数名词 + that .(6) such + adj. + 复数名词复数名词 + that .(7) such + adj. + 不可数名词不可数名词 + that .注意注意 当名词为不可数名词或复数名词时，当名词为不可数名词或复数名词时，不能用不能用so，而必须用，而必须用such。但当名词。但当名词之前有表示数量的词语，如之前有表示数量的词语，如many, much, few, little时，只能用时，只能用so，而不能，而不能用用such。仿写仿写 _(他吓得几

14、乎睡不着觉。他吓得几乎睡不着觉。)He was so frightened that he could hardly fall asleep仿真模拟仿真模拟 从从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was _ that she couldnt finish it by herself. A. so difficult a workB. such a difficult work C. so difficult workD. such difficult work Mrs London has _ that she is unab

15、le to get a good job. A. such small educationB. so little education C. a such little educationD. a so small education settle down 1) 坐下，躺下坐下，躺下 He settled down in his chair to read the newspaper.7. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午，这对表姐妹上了火车落了座。那天下午，这对表姐妹

16、上了火车落了座。aboardadv., prep. 在在上；在船上上；在船上2) 过安定的生活过安定的生活 After years of traveling, he decided to settle down here.3) 安下心来，专心致志于安下心来，专心致志于 Then they settled themselves down _ work. A. to B. on C. with D. inA即学即练即学即练 按要求完成下列各题。按要求完成下列各题。1. 等孩子们安静下来再开始上课吧。等孩子们安静下来再开始上课吧。settle down to writePlease wait unt

17、il the children settle down before you start your lesson.3. Let us _ （静下心（静下心 来写）来写）an article. 2. I cant settle down to my work. 我不能安心工作。我不能安心工作。8. manage to do 阅读下列句子，注意阅读下列句子，注意manage to do的意思的意思和用法。和用法。1). Although he hasnt received any formal education, Mr Wang managed to finish his task.2). We

18、 should manage to realize our dream. 归纳总结归纳总结 manage to do sth. (= succeed in doing sth.) 是是“设法做、设法完成某事设法做、设法完成某事”的意思。的意思。辨析辨析 manage to do与与try to do 用用manage时，时，成功的把握大些；用成功的把握大些；用try时，成功的把时，成功的把握不大。即：握不大。即：manage to do sth.的意思的意思是是“设法成功地完成设法成功地完成”，而，而try to do sth.的意思是的意思是“尽力做尽力做（但结果（但结果不一定成功）不一定成

19、功）”。如：如：He worked hard and managed to pass the exam. 他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。He tried to pass the exam, but failed because of laziness. 他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最终失败了。终失败了。即学即练即学即练 按要求完成下列各题。按要求完成下列各题。1. If our parents dont encourage us to do anything on our own we will never manage to b

20、e successful. 如果父母不鼓励我们独立做事，我如果父母不鼓励我们独立做事，我们永远也不会获得成功。们永远也不会获得成功。 2. 我们设法得到了需要的东西。我们设法得到了需要的东西。3. Our parents always get a little bit anxious if we _ (没有到家没有到家) when we say we will.cant / dont manage to arrive homeWe managed to get what we wanted. 9. Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses

21、and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.1) have a gift for. 在在.方面有天分方面有天分/天赋天赋 gift 特指与生俱来的天份或才能，特指与生俱来的天份或才能，如绘画、音乐等。如绘画、音乐等。 Her gift for dancing amazed the teacher. 老师对她舞蹈的天份大感惊奇。老师对她舞蹈的天份大感惊奇。2) thousands of 成千上万的成千上万的 类似的用法还有类似的用法还有 ： hundreds of 数以百计的数以百计的 scores of 许多许多 millions of 上百万的上百万

22、的 dozens of 许多，大量许多，大量 tens of thousands of 数以万计的数以万计的 score与与many, several连用修饰名词复连用修饰名词复数时，都要用单数，其后的介词数时，都要用单数，其后的介词of有无有无均可。但是，习惯上均可。但是，习惯上score多与多与of连用，连用，而而dozen很少与很少与of连用，如：连用，如：two score (of) workers, three score and ten people, several dozen children, many dozen books。The teacher bought two _

23、 books in the bookstore.A. scores ofB. scoresC. score of C10. most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border 大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国数大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国数百公里以内的边疆地带百公里以内的边疆地带 考点考点 within 介词，在介词，在（尤指（尤指时间、距离、范围、限度等）之内，时间、距离、范围、限度等）之内，以内；在以内；在里头。里头。1) within与与in表达时间的区别表达时间的区别: within指在时间范围之内，不

24、超过；指在时间范围之内，不超过；而而in是经过若干时间，指期限之外。是经过若干时间，指期限之外。 Ill be there within an hour. （一小时之内）（一小时之内） Ill be there in an hour. （一小时之后）（一小时之后）考例考例 Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _ of little children. (湖北湖北2004)A. hand B. reach C. pace D. distance 点拨点拨 本题考查固定短语。本题考查固定短语。within reach of sb

25、. 或或within ones reach 意为意为“在某在某人能够得着的范围之内人能够得着的范围之内”。B 2) border n. 边界；国界边界；国界 v. 与与接壤接壤the countries bordering the Baltic波罗的海沿岸国家波罗的海沿岸国家11. They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of square acres. 火车穿过一个种植小麦的省份，火车穿过一个种植小麦的省份，他们看见了面积有数千平方他们看见了面积有数千平方英亩英亩的的农场。

26、农场。wheat-growing 是一个复合形容词。是一个复合形容词。复合形容词复合形容词1). N.-Ned baby-faced (娃娃脸的娃娃脸的) horse-faced (马脸的马脸的)2). adj.-Ned good-mannered (有礼貌的有礼貌的) narrow-minded (心胸狭窄的心胸狭窄的) absent-minded (心不在焉的心不在焉的) old-fashioned (过时的过时的) short-sighted (近视的近视的) 3). 数字数字-Ned one-legged (独脚的独脚的) three-headed (三个头的三个头的) five-si

27、ded (五个边的五个边的) two-storied (两层楼的两层楼的) 例外数字例外数字-计量单位计量单位(-adj)，注意复，注意复数时，单位名词仍不加数时，单位名词仍不加s。 three-year-old (三岁大的三岁大的) two-week (两个礼拜的两个礼拜的) one-way (单行的单行的) 4). N-Ving body-building (强身的强身的) peace-loving (爱好和平的爱好和平的) heart-warming (感人的感人的) law-abiding (守法的守法的)5). adj.-Ving easy-going (悠哉的悠哉的) good-l

28、ooking (美貌的美貌的) high-sounding (夸张的夸张的)6). adv.-Ving hard-working (工作努力的工作努力的) fast-moving (移动快速的移动快速的) far-reaching (影响深远的影响深远的)7). N-pp(过去分词过去分词) heart-broken (伤心的伤心的) hand-made (手工的手工的) man-caused (人为的人为的) 8). adj.-pp plain-spoken (坦白说话的坦白说话的) ready-made (现成的现成的) clean-cut (清秀的清秀的) 9). adv.-pp out

29、-spoken (直言的直言的) well-known (著名的著名的) well-behaved (守规矩的守规矩的) 12. . Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. 句中的句中的more . than any other .是用是用比较级表示最高级含义。如果是在比较级表示最高级含义。如果是在同一范围内比较，常用同一范围内比较，常用“主语主语 + 谓谓语语 + 比较级比较级 + than any other + 单数单数名词名词”或者或者“主语主语 + 谓语谓语 + 比较级比较级 + than an

30、y of the other + 复数名复数名词词”。如果是在不同的范围内比较，常用如果是在不同的范围内比较，常用“主主语语 + 谓语谓语 + 比较级比较级 + than any + 单数名单数名词词”。如：。如：He is taller than any other boy in our class. / He is taller than any of the other boys in our class. 他是我们班上最高的男孩。他是我们班上最高的男孩。China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。中国比非洲的任何

31、一个国家都大。仿写仿写 _（在我们学校，他的舞跳得最好。）（在我们学校，他的舞跳得最好。）He dances better than any other one in our school. / He dances better than any of the others in our school.仿真模拟仿真模拟 从从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。入空白处的最佳选项。 Lung cancer is the worst killer in America, taking _ lives each year than _ cancer. A. mo

32、re; any B. most; any other C. many; other D. more; any other In a special report on deaths caused by cancer, the blacks are more diagnosed with it than _ in America. A. any of the other B. any races C. the other race D. any other race ExercisesI. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。

33、汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。1. Passengers checked their b_ before boarding the plane. 2. My kids spend hours _ (闲聊闲聊) on the phone to their friends. 3. We began our _ (向东的向东的) journey at dawn. eastwardbaggagechatting4. The government was urged to take _ (措施措施) to fight the spread of AIDS. 5. They were the last

34、 two to go a_ the ship. 6. They were near the _ (边界边界) between France and Germany. bordermeasuresaboard7. The boss decided to pass over his _ (轻微的轻微的) mistakes. 8. In some developing countries more and more people are migrating to u_ areas. 9. The police s_ the house after a murder happened last nig

35、ht. 10. During the windstorm the ships stayed in the h_. harbourslighturbansurroundedII. 选用方框内合适的词或短语，并用选用方框内合适的词或短语，并用其适当形式填空。其适当形式填空。settle down; catch sight of; have a gift for; slightly; border; rather than 1. _ go straight on to university why not get some work experience first?2. Jackson went

36、to the road that _ the gardens on the left.3. Elena sure _ telling stories.has a gift forRather thanbordered4. Theyd like to see their daughter _, get married, and have kids.5. I _ her hurrying away but I didnt try to speak to her. 6. The milk should be _ heated before you drink it.slightlysettle do

37、wncaught sight ofIII. 用适当的介词或副词填空。用适当的介词或副词填空。1. On second thought, I want to go on a trip with my classmates _ Florida.2. The friends met occasionally to chat _ the good old days at school.3. Its a wonder that all 225 people _ the aircraft were still alive after the accident.toaboutaboard / on4. Af

38、ter working abroad for several years, Tom wants to settle _ in Britain.5. Cars race at high speeds as top racecar drivers compete for millions of dollars _ prizes.6. He lives in a house _ a mile of the station.downinwithin7. Electric current cannot go _ insulation (绝缘体绝缘体), just as water cannot go t

39、hrough iron.8. We were surprised _ finding the house empty.throughat9. It is dangerous to rush _ the street if you dont watch out for the cars10. I will see some beautiful birds if I walk _ a rainforest.through / inacrossIV. 根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。1. 他住在一所四周都是美丽花草的房子他住在一所四周都是美丽花草的房子里。里。(be su

40、rrounded by) He lives in a house (that / which is) surrounded by beautiful flowers and grass.2. 就像他的父亲一样，他也有音乐天赋。就像他的父亲一样，他也有音乐天赋。(have a gift for) Just like his father, he also has a gift for music.3. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。司机没能及时看见另一辆车。(catch sight of) The driver failed to catch sight of another car in time

41、.4. 你认为你能在一小时内完成这项工作你认为你能在一小时内完成这项工作吗？吗？(manage to do) Do you suppose / think / believe you can manage to finish the work in / within an hour?5. 他一路冲往车站，结果还是误了火他一路冲往车站，结果还是误了火车。车。(all the way) He rushed all the way to the station, only to miss the train.6. 听到这个令人兴奋的消息，他哭了听到这个令人兴奋的消息，他哭了而不是笑了。而不是笑了。(rather than) Hearing the exciting news, he cried rather than smiled.7. 他计划在乡下定居。他计划在乡下定居。(settle down) He planned to settle down in the country.8. 杰克比班里任何一个学生都高。杰克比班里任何一个学生都高。 (any other) Jack is taller than any other student in his class. Thank you !