2021版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教版核心素养测评： 二 必修1 Unit 2　English around the world .doc

《2021版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教版核心素养测评： 二 必修1 Unit 2　English around the world .doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教版核心素养测评： 二 必修1 Unit 2　English around the world .doc（17页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。核心素养测评 二必修1 Unit 2English around the world(限时35分钟). 阅读理解ASign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that sign languages are uniquea speech of the hand. They offer a new w

2、ay to know how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy(争议): whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The present interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering w

3、ork of one teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C. , the worlds only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school let him teach a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something strange: among themselves, students signed differ

4、ently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk”his students used

5、looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955. Stokoes idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoenow devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing vid

6、eo materials on ASL and the deaf cultureis having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that sign languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They thought language must be based on speech, th

7、e modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said, ” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuffits brain stuff. ”1. The study of sign language is thought to be _. A. a new way to look at the learning of languageB. a chal

8、lenge to traditional views on the nature of languageC. an approach to make the grammatical structure of a language simpleD. a try to clear misunderstanding about the use of language【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的They offer a new way. . . or whether it is a learned behavior. 可知, 手语提供了一种新方法, 用以探索大脑如何产生和理解语言, 并为一个

9、长期以来的科学争端语言(连同语法)究竟是我们与生俱来的, 还是一种我们后天学会的行为提出了新的解释。故手语是对语言的性质的传统观点的挑战, 所以选B 。2. The present growing interest in sign language was caused by _. A. a famous scholar in the study of the human brainB. a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsC. an English teacher in a university for the deafD. so

10、me senior experts in American Sign Language【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的The present interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C. , the worlds only liberal arts university for deaf people. 以及第二段的When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teac

11、h English可知, 现在对手语的兴趣是由Bill Stokoe, 一位教英语的老师激发的。故选C。3. Most educators were against Stokoes idea because they thought _. A. sign language was not extensively used even by deaf peopleB. sign language was too artificial to be widely acceptedC. a language should be easy to use and understandD. a languag

12、e could only lie in the form of speech sounds【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的They thought language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound. 可知, 大多数教育者认为语言是建立在说, 也就是声音的调节上。故选D。4. Stokoes argument is based on his belief that _. A. sign language is as useful as any other languageB. sign language comes fro

13、m natural languageC. language is a system of meaningful codesD. language is a product of the brain【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“What I said, ” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuffits brain stuff. ”可知, Stokoe认为sign language是大脑的产物。故D项正确。D中的a product of the brain是对原文中brain stuff的同义表达。B世纪金榜导学号Th

14、e best-known example of external(外部的)influence causing language change is the “Americanization”of world culture, which has caused English words to appear in city streets all over the world. The effect is most noticeable in pop music. Foreign groups often record in English, and the words are picked u

15、p and repeated in the same language everywhere, even by children who otherwise have little or no command of the language. I once met a Brazilian child of about ten who could count “one, two, three”, but only by adding the words “oclock, four oclock rock” at the end. Some people are often strongly cr

16、itical of the influence of English on their language especially when an English word replaces a traditional word. In 1977, France passed a law banning the use of English words in official situations if an equivalent (意义相同的)French expression existed but the law seemed to be honored more in the breaki

17、ng than in the observing. Some other countries have considered introducing a similar law despite the evidence that such laws have very little effect, and that the arrival of loan words( 外来词) can greatly enrich a language (as indeed in the case of English itself, which has a long history of welcoming

18、 foreign words). However, not everyone is critical. In particular, commercial firms and advertisers are well aware of the potential selling power that the use of English vocabulary can bring. In Japan, English is even used in television commercials, despite the fact that the majority of viewers woul

19、d not understand exactly what was being said. The excellence implied by the mere use of English is apparently enough to command the strategy to the advertisers. Most of the influence of English is upon the vocabulary of foreign languages, but surveys are slowly bringing to light several cases where

20、word order or word structure has been affected. Sentences of the type “The book sells well”, using an active construction for a passive meaning, have begun to appear in Danish (Bogen soelger godt). Several languages keep the English plural ending when they make use of a loan word, and do not transla

21、te it into the native form, e. g. drinks. There are many other such cases. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文, 介绍了造成语言变化的外部影响, 最著名的例子是世界文化的“美国化”, 它导致英语单词出现在世界各地的城市街道上。这种影响在流行音乐中最为明显。5. Why could the Brazilian child speak one, two, three in English?A. Because he had seen these words in the street. B. Because he knew how

22、to tell the time in English. C. Because he had made himself master of English. D. Because he had heard these words in songs a lot. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“Foreign groups often record in English. . . but only by adding the words oclock, four oclock rock at the end. ”可知, 文中提到的这个巴西小孩可能本身不太会说英语, 但是由于含有这些英语数字

23、的歌曲不断重复播放, 所以他学会了用英语说这些数字。故选D。6. What can we infer about the law passed in France in 1977?A. It was strict. B. It was unfair. C. It was often ignored. D. It was strongly opposed. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“In 1977, France passed a law banning the use of English words in official situations if an equivalent

24、French expression existed but the law seemed to be honored more in the breaking than in the observing. ”可知, 1977年, 法国通过了一项法律, 禁止在官方场合使用与法语意义相同的英语词汇但这项法律似乎更多地是在打破而不是遵守。故我们可以推测这项法律经常被忽视, 故选C。7. What is the purpose of some Japanese commercials using English?A. Following the American trend. B. Becoming

25、world-famous. C. Enriching Japanese. D. Increasing sales. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中the potential selling power that the use of English vocabulary can bring以及The excellence implied by the mere use of English可知, 广告中使用英语能让人感觉该产品很出色, 激发人们的购买欲。故选D。8. The last paragraph is mainly developed by_. A. providing exa

26、mples B. making comparisonsC. explaining grammar rulesD. analyzing language changes【解析】选A。推理判断题。最后一段中通过“主动结构表达被动意义”和“保留表示复数的词尾”两个例子来说明英语对其他语言的语序或结构也有影响。故选A。9. What is the authors attitude towards language change?A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Concerned. D. Supportive. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。文章的叙述主要以第三人称视角, 引用了

27、不同人的观点和意见, 作者本身没有发表看法, 因此可以推断作者对于语言转变的态度是“客观的”, 故选B。【知识拓展】背景链接来自汉语的英语词汇bonsai 盆栽(花卉)Confucius 孔子coolie 苦力Kowtow 叩头;磕头kung fu 功夫 mahjong 麻将silk丝Taiji太极tea茶(闽南语)tofu豆腐typhoon台风oolong 乌龙茶. 完形填空I felt gloomy (沮丧的) the other day. The weather had been dark and rainy, and I just didnt feel so1. As I was si

28、tting at my desk I 2 it was the birthday of a dear long-time frienda single middle-aged woman who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing and loves her 3. Knowing that she doesnt have family in town I 4 to give her a call. Sure enough she was on B-shift, 5 to work late into the evening and wouldnt

29、have much of a birthday this year. As always, 6 , she sounded cheerful and was happy that I 7. After I hung up I couldnt 8 the feeling that she would really appreciate a little attention on her special day. 9 feeling a little gloomy myself, I tried to put it out of my 10 , but as the day passed I co

30、uldnt shake the thought. I 11 gave in, and that evening set off to the hospital with a card, a cheese cake, and some balloons. My friends grateful smile and joyful surprise 12 me Id done the right thing and were a generous 13 for the little effort it had taken. When I got home I realized that not on

31、ly had I cheered up a 14 friend on her birthday but my own gloomy feelings had also 15. Making her day had made my own! Thats true 16 we take the time and make the effort to do something for someone else. Its like the little saying “Loving kindness is twice blessed; it blesses him who gives, and him

32、 who 17. ”Cheering up people on their birthdays isnt the only thing we can do to make their day. Life constantly presents us with 18 to take an extra step or do a kind deed that will make a 19 to someone. And the 20 thing is that as we do, it changes things for the better for us too. 【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议类

33、的文章。文章讲述了作者通过给一个朋友庆祝生日, 不仅使朋友高兴, 而且使自己也摆脱了沮丧的情绪。由此作者得出结论:善良的行为是双倍的祝福。施予者和接受者都会从中受益。1. A. special B. positive C. nervous D. proud【解析】选B。special特殊的, 专门的; positive积极的; nervous紧张的;proud骄傲的。根据“I felt gloomy. ”可知, 作者感到沮丧, 心态不积极。故B选项正确。2. A. explainedB. complained C. rememberedD. informed【解析】选C。explain解释;

34、complain抱怨; remember记住;inform通知, 告知。作者坐在桌边的时候, 记起了那天是一个朋友的生日。故C选项正确。3. A. familyB. studyC. lifeD. work【解析】选D。family家庭; study学习; life生活;work工作。根据“. . . has devoted the past 30 years to nursing”可知, 作者的朋友从事护士工作30年, 由此可知, 她非常喜欢自己的工作。故D选项正确。4. A. decidedB. continuedC. failedD. refused【解析】选A。decide决定; con

35、tinue继续; fail失败;refuse拒绝。知道朋友在镇上没有家人, 所以作者决定给她打个电话。故A选项正确。5. A. surprisedB. disappointed C. boredD. prepared【解析】选D。surprised惊讶的; disappointed失望的; bored厌烦的;prepared有准备的。作者的朋友是B班, 准备工作到深夜。故D选项正确。6. A. thoughB. besidesC. thereforeD. otherwise【解析】选A。though虽然; besides此外, 而且; therefore因此;otherwise否则。前面提到,

36、 作者的朋友要工作到深夜, 也没有过生日。后文提到, 朋友的声音听起来像往常一样开心快乐。由此判断, 上下文之间是转折关系。故A选项正确。7. A. admittedB. calledC. succeededD. apologized【解析】选B。admit承认; call打电话; succeed成功;apologize道歉。根据上文中的“I _to give her a call”可知, 作者给朋友打了一个电话, 朋友很高兴。故B选项正确。8. A. get on withB. put up with C. get rid ofD. take hold of【解析】选C。 get on wi

37、th和相处; put up with容忍, 忍受; get rid of除掉, 去掉;take hold of握住, 控制住。根据下文“as the day passed I couldnt shake the thought. . . set off to the hospital with a card. . . ”可知, 作者一直摆脱不了那种在这个特别的日子里得到一点关注她会很感激的感觉。所以, 最终作者带着礼物去医院看望朋友了。故C选项正确。9. A. AlmostB. EvenC. NeverD. Still【解析】选D。 Almost几乎; Even甚至; Never从未;Stil

38、l仍然。第一段提到“I felt gloomy. ”, 该处又提到“feeling a little gloomy myself”, 由此可知, 作者在挂断电话之后, 仍然感到有点沮丧。故D选项正确。10. A. opinionB. imageC. mindD. expectation【解析】选C。opinion看法, 意见; image形象, 影像; mind头脑, 思想;expectation期望。作者努力地想把那种想法从大脑里消除掉。根据常识可知, 想法肯定是存在于大脑中的。故C选项正确。11. A. luckilyB. finallyC. unhappilyD. hardly【解析】选

39、B。luckily幸运地; finally最终, 最后; unhappily不高兴地;hardly几乎不。随着这一天过去, 作者仍然摆脱不了那种想法。最终, 作者屈服了, 动身去医院看望朋友。故B选项正确。12. A. convincedB. advisedC. promisedD. reminded【解析】选A。convince使信服; advise建议; promise承诺;remind提醒, 使想起。朋友感激的笑容和惊喜使作者相信自己做了一件正确的事情。故A选项正确。13. A. demandB. desireC. rewardD. share【解析】选C。demand要求; desir

40、e渴望; reward酬谢, 奖赏;share一份。朋友感激的微笑和惊喜是对作者付出的努力的奖赏。故C选项正确。14. A. guiltyB. lonelyC. weakD. curious【解析】选B。guilty愧疚的; lonely孤独的; weak虚弱的;curious好奇的。根据第二段中的“she doesnt have family in town”可知, 作者朋友的家人都不在她身边, 朋友肯定在生日这一天很孤独。故B选项正确。15. A. existedB. deepenedC. wastedD. disappeared【解析】选D。exist存在; deepen加深; wast

41、e浪费;disappear消失。not only. . . but also表示并列关系, 因此该句指作者去看望朋友, 这么做不仅使孤独的朋友精神愉悦, 而且作者的情绪也好了起来, 原来的沮丧感消失了。故D选项正确。16. A. whenB. becauseC. thoughD. if【解析】选A。when当的时候; because因为; though尽管;if如果。当我们花时间努力为他人做点什么的时候, 不仅可以使对方心情愉悦, 而且我们自己也会感觉良好。故A选项正确。17. A. triesB. receivesC. lovesD. cares【解析】选B。try尝试, 努力; recei

42、ve收到; love爱;care在乎。作者以自己为例, 证明帮助别人可以使双方受益。又根据Its like the little saying可知, 该谚语想表达的是善良的行为是双倍的祝福。它赐福于施予者和接受者。故B选项正确。18. A. experiencesB. dreamsC. choicesD. opportunities【解析】选D。experience经历;dream梦想;choice选择;opportunity机会。生活不断地赠给我们更进一步或者做一件对别人有意义的事情的机会。故D选项切题。19. A. differenceB. connectionC. discoveryD.

43、 decision【解析】选A。difference区别, 不同; connection连接, 联系; discovery发现;decision决定。做好事当然对别人会有影响。make a difference意为“起作用, 有影响”。故A选项正确。20. A. normalB. similarC. wonderfulD. practical【解析】选C。normal正常的; similar相似的; wonderful极好的;practical实际的, 实践的。当我们做了好事的时候, 我们的所作所为也使得我们自身的境遇变好, 这是一件非常好的事情。故C选项正确。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. dev

44、ote. . . to专心于;致力于2. hang up 挂断(电话)3. give in 屈服;让步4. set off 出发;动身5. cheer up使高兴6. make ones day 使某人开心7. make the effort 努力8. present sb. with sth. 赠给某人某物9. make a difference 有影响;有关系. 语法填空世纪金榜导学号阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Most 97-year-olds would 1. _(probable) feel accomplished just getti

45、ng out of bed in the morning. John B. Goodenough, 97, just won the Nobel Prize in chemistry. 2. _(bear) in 1922 in Jena, Germany, Goodenough earned a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1952. He went on to work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, then at the University of Oxford. It was

46、at Oxford 3. _Goodenough made the groundbreaking discovery of lithium-ion batteries (锂离子电池) that helped 4. _(he) win the Nobel. The ability 5. _(store)energy from renewable sources, the sun, the wind, opens up 6. _ sustainable energy consumption. From laptops to smartphones, lithium-ion batteries po

47、wer some of the most commonly used devices. Electric vehicles 7. _(make) possible because of the development of these batteries, and wireless communication has flourished because of 8. _ technology. Even at the age of 97, he continues to develop new polymers and battery concepts with researchers in his lab. He is now largely focused on 9. _(develop) all-solid-state batteries as they can offer