宾语补足语 (2).ppt

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1、宾语补足语宾语补足语五种简单句的基本句型：五种简单句的基本句型：1.主语主语+谓语谓语(vi.)2.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.) + 宾语宾语3.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.) + 间接宾语间接宾语(sb.)+直接宾语直接宾语(sth.)4.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.) + 宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语5.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语a. Please pass me some water.b. His main job is taking care of the children.c. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.d. W

2、e managed to put the fire out in time.e. We made him our monitor.14253me和water没有主谓关系him和our monitor有主谓关系: 即 He is our monitor.简单句中也可加入简单句中也可加入定定语、状语、补语语、状语、补语，使，使句子意义更加完整。句子意义更加完整。宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担：宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担： n. / adj. /adv. / 介词短语介词短语 / v.原型原型 / ing/ v-ed / to do / to be1.We chose him our monitor

3、.2.We must make our classroom clean.3.He found the light on.4.The firemen got the fire under control.5.The teacher let him stand out.6.Did you hear someone singing?7.The parents make their children educated.8.The doctor advised me to have a rest.9.We all consider him to be a hero.to do 做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作

4、，能用做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作，能用to do 做宾补的做宾补的v.有：有：(即即v. +sb.+to do )Ask , want, wish , tell, order, warn, advise ,allow,invite, permit, forbid, expect, beg, force, encourage, send, teach, train, remind, require ,would like , would prefer等等等等.I wish you to have a good trip.I would prefer you to stay for the din

5、ner.以下几个词常用以下几个词常用ing做宾补，不能用做宾补，不能用to do:catch sb. doing ：抓住某人正在：抓住某人正在.mind sb. doing : 介意某人做某事介意某人做某事imagine sb. doing : 想象某人做某事想象某人做某事leave sb./sth. doing : 使得使得/留下某人留下某人.keep sb./sth. doing:使得某人使得某人.The policeman caught the thief stealing.He left the light burning.Im sorry to have kept you waiti

6、ng.注意：注意：leave/keep也可用也可用done做宾补，表示状态或被动做宾补，表示状态或被动He left the homework unfinished.We keep the door closed.感官动词感官动词see, notice, hear, listen to, watch, feel, smell, find, observe等等+ sb./sth.+do表示动作全过程表示动作全过程doing表动作正进行表动作正进行done表示被动动作表示被动动作I hear them sing a song.I hear them singing a song.I hear a

7、song sung.注意：注意：ing 和和 ed 也可表状态，此时类似于也可表状态，此时类似于adj.的作用的作用I find the match exciting.I find the students exctied.使役动词的用法：使役动词的用法：1.let sb./sth. do sth. 无被动无被动2.make sb. /sth.do sth. 使某人做某事，使某人做某事，sb. be made to do make sb./sth. done 使某人被使某人被3.have sb./sth. do sth.使某人做某事使某人做某事(无被动无被动) have sb./sth. do

8、ing sth. 使某人一直做（动作一直进行）使某人一直做（动作一直进行） have sb./sth. done 使某人被使某人被 或表示或表示“遭遇不幸遭遇不幸”4.get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事使某人做某事 get sb./sth. done使某人被使某人被 1.The foreigner cant make himself understood.2.I have my bicycle repaired.3.I have my leg broken.4.He had the taxi waiting for him.5.Will you get him to join u

9、s?6.The workers got all the work done.7.Who will you have finish the task?解题要点：解题要点：首先首先要知道动词后是跟要知道动词后是跟to do还是还是ing，ed, 或是原型。或是原型。其次其次要知道他们做宾补的区别：要知道他们做宾补的区别：to do 做宾补常表示要去做的动作。做宾补常表示要去做的动作。ing 做宾补常表示正在进行的或是延续的动作做宾补常表示正在进行的或是延续的动作ed 做宾补常表示被动的动作。做宾补常表示被动的动作。 v.原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官v.后）后）此外此外，ing 和和ed 做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时类似于类似于adj.最后最后根据题目的语境认真分析，选出语法和释义都根据题目的语境认真分析，选出语法和释义都合理的最佳选项。合理的最佳选项。