上海交大版应用型大学英语综合教学方案计划教育教程第3册unit2课本知识翻译与答案.doc

| Unit 2 Part 1 Language Skills Development 1. Starter A. Look at the following pictures. Think over these questions. 1. What ways of getting rich do these pictures suggest? Reference answer：The four pictures represent four different ways of getting rich. The first picture suggests that one can get rich quick by buying stocks. The second picture shows that people can become rich through inheritance of fortunes, either of their own parents, or of some wealthy persons. The third picture indicates that marriage could be a passport to the kingdom of wealth. That is to say, a man or a woman could be a rich person if his or her spouse is rich. The fourth picture tells people that lotteries make millionaires. 2. Which do you think is the quickest way to get rich? Reference answer：All these four methods of getting rich quick could turn a penniless guy into a millionaire overnight, but it seems to me that winning a lottery is the quickest way of making people rich. Just pay a dollar or two and you could become a rich person overnight! But on the other hand, such an opportunity is very rare. B. Listen to the story Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves (Part 1) and answer the following questions. 1. What were the magic words used to open and close the cave? They were "Open, Sesame!" and "Shut, Sesame!". 2. What did Ali Baba find in the cave? He found rich silks and carpets, gold and silver ware, and great bags of gold. 3. What did Ali Baba take from the cave? Many of the bags of gold. Tapescript: Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves In a town in Persia there lived a poor woodcutter named Ali Baba. One day, Ali Baba was working deep in the forest. Suddenly he heard the noise of many horses. He tied up his two mules behind some high rocks. Then he climbed into a tall tree to hide. From up high in the tree, Ali Baba saw forty men on forty horses. Each man wore a saber and a dagger in his belt. They looked very fierce. Ali Baba could see at once that they were thieves. The forty thieves dismounted in front of a huge rock, and one, who seemed to be captain, said, "Open, Sesame!" And a door flew open in the rock. Then they all went inside and the door closed behind them. Ali Baba could hardly believe what he had seen! He did not dare to climb down from his tree—the thieves might come out at any moment and find him. He waited a long time. At last the door opened, and the forty thieves came out. Their captain said, "Shut, Sesame!" The door closed, and the forty thieves rode away. Mind Map Persian. 波斯（现称伊朗） mule n. 骡子 dismountvi. 下马，下（自行、摩托）车 sesame n. 芝麻 When they were out of sight Ali Baba came down from the tree. He walked up to the huge rock and said, "Open, Sesame!" The door at once opened, and Ali Baba stepped inside. He found himself in a large cave, lighted from a hole in the top, and full of all kinds of treasure—rich silks and carpets, gold and silver ware, and great bags of gold. He loaded his two mules with as many of the bags of gold as they could carry, and, after closing the door by saying, "Shut, Sesame!" made his way home. 2. Text Info Box 1. Mark Edgemon Mark Edgemon has been writing for 30 years. He writes and publishes short stories, articles, poetry and scripts, as well as, produces audio comedy productions for over 700 radio stations nationwide. The works of Mark Edgemon can be found at http://www.all-creatures.org/stories/edgemon.html. 2. The Egyptian Pyramid The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry (砖石结构) structures located in Egypt. There are over 100 pyramids in Egypt. Most were built as tombs for the countrys Pharaohs (the rulers who were the religious and political leaders of ancient Egypt) and their consorts (配偶) during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods. The best known Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built. The shape of Egyptian pyramids is thought to represent the primordial (原始的) mound from which the Egyptians believed the earth was created. The shape is also thought to be representative of the descending rays of the sun, and most pyramids were faced with polished, highly reflective white limestone (石灰石), in order to give them a brilliant appearance when viewed from a distance. The Egyptians believed the dark area of the night sky around which the stars appear to revolve was the physical gateway into the heaven. One of the narrow shafts that extend from the main burial chamber through the entire body of the Great Pyramid points directly towards the center of this part of the sky. This suggests the pyramid may have been designed to serve as a means to magically launch the deceased Pharaohs soul directly into the abode (住所) of the gods. All Egyptian pyramids were built on the west bank of the Nile, which as the site of the setting sun was associated with the realm of the dead in Egyptian mythology. 3. Egypt and Asyut Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers. Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization and some of the worlds most famous monuments, including the pyramid complex and the Great Sphinx (狮身人面像). Egypt is widely regarded as an important political and cultural nation of the Middle East. Asyut is the capital of the modern Asyut Governorate, Egypt. The city of Asyut has almost 400,000 inhabitants. It is home to the University of Asyut, one of the largest universities in Egypt. Every Orifice Needs a Stone by Mark Edgemon 每个小孔都需要一颗宝石 1 Getting rich quick is nice if you can do it, but the phrase usually implies acquiring great sums of wealth with very little effort. If that is the method of study, I wouldnt hold your breath. 2 However, if that werent a popular notion, millions of dollars wouldnt roll in every time there was a lottery somewhere. 3 An Egyptian archeological exhibit was touring through town with many interesting artifacts for the public to see. One in particular, was an ancient document believed to uncover a mysterious formula for acquiring wealth. 4 Having read about this ancient document in the early edition of the local newspaper, John Holiday borrowed his neighbors camera for the purpose of taking a snapshot of the document, so he could study it later. 5 After getting a very clear image of the document, he went to the library and started reading books on ancient languages that are now dead. Strangely enough, John had a hidden talent for languages. He never developed this or any other talent, because he was lazy. He would always look for the easy way to do everything he had to do in life. However in this case, a shot at sudden wealth was too much of an incentive for him to pass up. 6 In a few hours, he figured out the code of the language and began to decipher the ancient text. It told of a statue, thousands of years old, in the central part of Egypt, hidden in a cave miles from a large pyramid. The text stated that the statue had eight orifices and that the seeker of wealth must place precious gems in each of the holes in the statue. The gems had to be cut in a special way and inserted in a specific manner. 7 A clear diamond was to be inserted into the mouth of the statue, a deep blue sapphire into the right eye socket, a bright red ruby into the left eye socket, a white pearl into the left ear, a rare pink topaz into the right ear, a black onyx into the left nostril, a green emerald into the right nostril, and a purple amethyst into the navel. 8 The meaning was unclear why this was to be done, but John just wanted to become wealthy, so he didnt care. After extensive research, John determined it would cost approximately 1.2 million dollars to acquire the gems and passage to Egypt. It took him five years to diligently create a business and generate that large sum of money. 9 Once he had the funds, he purchased the gems and a ticket to the ancient city of Asyut. Once there, he spent months locating the pyramid and the cave that the Egyptian document had alluded to. Once in the cave, it only took a few minutes to locate the statue that the ancient manuscript had described. 10 He wasted no time inserting the precious stones into each hole of the statue. Right before his eyes, the eight gems turned to stone, filling the holes, leaving no trace where the holes used to be. 11 With great disbelief, he stared at his investment of valuable gems, now turned to stones, and wondered what it all meant. Just then, at the foot of the statue, he noticed an inscription, which he could now decipher, which read, "Any fool can create wealth, but only the wise know what to do with it." 12 Was that it? John was terribly disappointed and felt he had been on a fools errand for the last five years. He returned home and resumed his business, where he continued to expand the company he founded, originally for the purpose of buying the jewels for the statue. 13 One night, as he sat in his new apartment in the affluent side of town, he took a look once again at the photograph of the ancient document that had started his quest for wealth and noticed, for the first time, an inscription at the bottom that he needed a magnifying glass to read. The inscription read, "If one achieves this quest, they will have transformed their mind by the use of their faith and will from then on have the power to overcome in all things and nothing will be impossible to them." 14 As John looked around his luxury apartment and remembered once having trouble paying his rent just five short years earlier, he realized that the 1.2 million dollars he shelled out that started this adventure was a really great investment! 1 一夜暴富当然不错。但这常常意味着大量财富唾手可得。如果想以此致富的话，我认为希望渺茫。 2 然而，这种想法非常普遍，否则每次彩票抽奖也就不会有数以百万计的美元滚滚而来。 3 城里正在巡展古埃及文物，许多有趣的手工艺品让公众大饱眼福。尤其是其中一份古埃及文献，被认为揭示了获取财富的神秘方法。 4 在当地的早报上读到这则新闻之后，约翰霍利戴便从邻居家借来了相机，以便拍下这份文献，供日后研究。 5 拍了一张十分清晰的文献照片之后，他便前往图书馆，开始阅读有关现已消亡的古代语言的书籍。奇怪的是，约翰居然在语言上有潜在的天赋。他从来没有开发过自己的语言或者其他的天赋，因为他很懒惰，不管什么事都喜欢走捷径。但是，一夜暴富对他来说极具诱惑，是一次不能放过的机会。 6 他花了几小时就弄清楚了这种语言代码，并开始解读这份古文献。这份文献说，埃及中部有一座上千年的雕像，藏在距一座大金字塔几英里的洞穴中，还说这座雕像身上有8个小孔，寻宝者必须把珍贵宝石放进每个小孔中，这些宝石还必须按照特别的方式切割，然后以特定的方式嵌入. 7 雕像的嘴里要塞入一块透明的钻石，右眼眶要填进一块深蓝色的蓝宝石，左眼眶要放入一块明亮的红宝石，左耳要塞入一颗洁白的珍珠，右耳要放入一颗珍稀的粉色黄宝石，左边的鼻孔要塞进一块黑玛瑙，右边的鼻孔要填入一粒祖母绿，雕像的肚脐要塞入一颗紫水晶。 8 文献没说为什么要这样做，但是约翰一心想发财，并不在意。经过广泛的研究，约翰计算出买这些宝石加上去埃及的路费大约要花费120万美元。为此，他花了五年时间，努力工作，并开办了一家公司，终于赚足了这么一大笔钱。 9 一有了这笔钱，约翰立刻购买了宝石和去埃及古城艾斯尤特的票。到了那里，他花了好几个月才找到那份古埃及手写本中暗示的金字塔和山洞。进入山洞后，他只用几分钟便找到了那座古代手写本里描绘的雕像。 10 他迫不及待地把这些宝石塞进雕像的每个孔中。但是，就在他眼皮底下，八颗宝石变成了石头，填满了原来的小孔，小孔在一瞬间消失，一丝痕迹都没留下。 11 约翰眼睁睁地看着自己投资买来的宝石变成了石头，他难以置信，百思不得其解。就在这时，他注意到了雕像底座的一行铭文——他现在能读懂了，上面写着：愚者亦能创造财富，但唯智者知晓用财之道。 12 难道就是这样吗！约翰感到五年辛苦，白忙一场，失望至极。于是，他回到家中，重整旧业，开始拓展自己当初为了购买雕像所需的宝石而创建的公司。 13 一天晚上，他坐在城里富人区的新公寓里，再次看了看那张让他开始寻宝历程的古文献照片，他第一次发现文献最下端有一行要用放大镜才能看清的文字。这些文字是：凡历此功成者，必脱胎换骨，身心俱新，无坚不摧，无所不能。 14 约翰环顾着奢华的公寓，回忆起就在短短五年前他连房租都付不起的情景。他终于意识到，当初为了探险而付出的那120万美元，真是一笔值得的投资！ New Words orifice n.[C] a hole or opening, esp. one in the body （尤指身体上的）孔、穴、腔 lottery n.1) [C] （用发行彩票为政府、慈善机构等集资的）抽彩给奖法 France reinstituted its national lottery in 1933. 法国于1933年重新发行了国家彩票。 n.2) [sing.] (often disapproving) a situation whose success or result is based on luck rather than on effort or careful organization 碰运气的事 Some people think that marriage is a lottery. 有些人认为婚姻靠的是运气。 archeological a. of or relating to archeology 考古学的 artifact n.[C] an object that is made by a person, esp. something of historical or cultural interest（尤指有历史或文化价值的）人工制品，手工艺品 mysterious a. 1) difficult or impossible to understand, explain or identify 神秘的；不可思议的，难以理解的，无法解释的 a. 2) (of people) not saying much about sth., esp. when other people want to know more 诡秘的，故弄玄虚的 formula n.1) [C] a particular method of doing or achieving sth. 方法,方案 n.2) [C] a series of letters, numbers or symbols that represent a rule or law 公式，方程式，计算式 n.3) [C] a list of things that sth. is made from, giving the amount of each substance to use 配方，处方，药方 snapshot n.1) [C] a photograph, esp. one taken quickly（尤指抢拍的）照片 This snapshot hasnt been printed very well. 这张快照没冲洗好。 n.2) [C, usu. sing.] a short description or a small amount of information that gives you an idea of what sth. is like 简介，简要说明 The letters give us a snapshot of his life abroad. 这些信件使我们对他在海外的生活略有了解。 incentive n.[C, U] something that encourages you to do sth. 激励，刺激，鼓励 Some companies offer training as an incentive. 有些公司把提供培训机会作为一种激励。 He hasnt much incentive to work hard. 他缺乏努力工作的动力。 decipher vt.to succeed in finding the meaning of sth. that is difficult to read or understand 破译；辨认 Human genome project is expected to decipher the genetic codes in the human cells. 人们希望人类基因组计划能破解人类细胞中所隐含的遗传密码。 Can you decipher this letter? 你能解读一下这封信吗？ statue n.[C] a figure of a person or animal made usually the same size as in real life or larger 雕像，塑像 pyramid n.[C] （古埃及的）金字塔；锥体，棱锥体 seeker n.[C] a person who is trying to find or get the thing mentioned 寻找者，寻求者，追求者 gem n.[C] a precious stone that has been cut and polished and is used in jewellery（经切割打磨的）宝石 sapphire n.1) [C, U] a clear, bright blue precious stone 蓝宝石 n.2) [U] a bright blue color 宝蓝色，天蓝色 socket n.[C] a curved hollow space in the surface of sth. that another part fits into or moves around in 孔穴，窝，槽，臼 ruby n.1) [C] a dark red precious stone 红宝石 n.2) [U] a dark red color 深红色 pearl n.[C] a small, hard, shiny white ball that forms inside the shell of an oyster and is of great value as a jewel 珍珠 topaz n.[C, U] a clear yellow precious stone 黄宝石，黄玉 onyx n.[U] a type of stone that has layers of different colors in it, usually used for ornaments 缟玛瑙，条纹玛瑙 nostril n.[C] either of the two openings at the end of the nose that you breathe through 鼻孔 emerald n.1) [C, U] a bright green precious stone 祖母绿，绿宝石，翡翠 n.2) [U] a bright green color 翡翠绿 purple a.having the color of blue and red mixed together 紫色的 n.[U] the color of blue and red mixed together 紫色 amethyst n.[C, U] a purple precious stone, used in making jewellery 紫水晶，紫晶 navel n.[C] 肚脐 extensive a.1) including or dealing with a wide range of information 广泛的，广博的 a.2) covering a large area; great in amount 广大的，大量的 diligently ad.孜孜不倦地，勤勉地，刻苦地 allude vi.to mention sth. in an indirect way 间接提到，暗指，影射 The characters evil nature is constantly alluded to throughout the play. 在整出戏中，该角色的邪恶本性不断地被暗示。 He did not even allude to his elder brothers engagement to Mary. 关于他哥哥与玛丽订婚的事，他只字未提。 manuscript n.1) [C] a very old book or document that was written by hand before printing was invented 手写本，手抄本 n.2) [C] a copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it has been printed 手稿，原稿 trace n.[C, U] a mark, an object or a sign that shows that sb./s