表语从句详细讲解练习.ppt

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1、表语从句表语从句. Definition（定义）（定义）表语是表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态性、特征和状态的，表语常由的，表语常由名词、代名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式式和和从句从句等来充当。等来充当。Eg. （例子）（例子）The person stood in front of you just now is my headmaster. 刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。I didnt

2、know that it was you at that time. 当时我不知道那是你。当时我不知道那是你。The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。门仍然关着。Marys daily job is cleaning the house. 玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。名词名词充当表语充当表语代词代词充当表语充当表语动词过去分词动词过去分词充当表语充当表语动词动词- ing形式充形式充当表语当表语The house is not only large but also beautiful. 这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。这所房子不仅大而且漂亮

3、。When I went to your house, you were out. 当我到你家的时候，你不在家。当我到你家的时候，你不在家。No one was in the dorm, when she arrived. 当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。My job is to teach you English. 我的工作是教你们英语。我的工作是教你们英语。The reason why he came late was that his clock didnt work. 他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。介词短语介词短语充当充当表语表语副

4、词副词充当表语充当表语形容词形容词充当表语充当表语不定式不定式充当表语充当表语从句从句充当表语充当表语观察思考观察思考：指出句子成分指出句子成分Henry was an American businessman.Henry met an American businessman. 主语主语 表语表语主语主语谓语谓语 宾语宾语（及物动词）（及物动词）连系动词连系动词1.表语从句的定义表语从句的定义The question is who will do it.The question is difficult.（ 表表 ）表语从句表语从句（ 表表 ）2. 表语从句的构成表语从句的构成主语主语 +

5、系动词系动词 + 引导词引导词 + 简单句简单句This is why he did it.表语从句放在表语从句放在连系动词连系动词之后，充当复合句中的之后，充当复合句中的表语。表语。What I want to say is that I am tired可以接表语从句的可以接表语从句的系动词系动词有：有：1: be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay4: become ,get , grow

6、, turn ,go ,come, run,fall5: prove, turn out 连接词：连接词：that / whether /as if /as though (if不引导表语从句不引导表语从句)连接代词：连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：连接副词：when / where / why / how / becausePredictive clause 表语从句1. that1) that 在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略义，一般不能省略2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea, sugg

7、estion, request, proposal 等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略1)My opinion is that its getting better and better.2)My suggesstion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.nwhether在表语从句中表在表语从句中表 ,但不充但不充当句子的成分。当句子的成分。if 引导表语从句引导表语从句.如如: 1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will rec

8、over from the serious disease soon.2. The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否是否”不能不能whethern现在唯一要弄清楚的是他是否拐卖妇女儿现在唯一要弄清楚的是他是否拐卖妇女儿童。童。n他提出的第一个问题是：他提出的第一个问题是： 儿子无出息，父儿子无出息，父母也不光彩，是否如此？母也不光彩，是否如此？All that is to be made clear is whether he abducted and sold women and children.The first thing he put

9、 forwards was whether a worthless son was a disgrace to his parents.as if, as though 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. 主语主语+连系动词（连系动词（look/see

10、m/appear）+that/as if从句从句n*as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气拟语气(主句一般现在时从句就用过去式，主句一般现在时从句就用过去式，be的话变成的话变成were。主句是过去式，从句用。主句是过去式，从句用过去完成时过去完成时)。nIt looks as if he were her own father.(与事实不符)nDark clouds are gathering. It looks as if its going to rain.As /a

11、s if、as though 形势并不像外表所看到的那样。形势并不像外表所看到的那样。她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。他好像疯了似的。他好像疯了似的。The situation is not as it seems to be.She looks as if she is worried about her fathers disease.It was as though he were mad.becausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。结构中。My anger is because

12、 you havent written to me for a long time.你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？Why were you absent from the forum? Was it because you were ill? that, why 与与 because 引导表语从句时的区引导表语从句时的区别别 n虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但但 that 没有词义，没有词义，而而 why 和和 because 有自己的意思有自己的意思；另外，虽然 why和 because 都可引导表语从句，但前者强调前者强调结果，后者强调原因结果，后者强调原

13、因。如：nThe reason was that you dont trust her. 原因是你不信任她。nThe fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。nHe was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。nHe was sent to the hospital. Thats because he was ill. 他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。填空填空: The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he h

14、as often liedreason 做主语时，表语从句只能用做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导引导, 不能用不能用why 引导。句型结构为：引导。句型结构为： The reason (why/for)is /was that. The reason is thatthatThe reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning （当主语是当主语是reason时，表语从句要用时，表语从句要用that引导而不是引导而不是because）他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。他早上

15、来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。 注意：注意：n主语为主语为reason 时，表语从句连接词用时，表语从句连接词用that, 但以但以it, this, that 开头做主语的句子，则开头做主语的句子，则可用可用because。 The reason for his being late was that he missed the early bus. She was late this morning. That was because she missed the early bus. * The reason _ he was late was that he missed th

16、e early bus.why例题例题2：The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of B注意点注意点2： 主句主语为主句主语为reason, 只能用只能用that引导表语从句，引导表语从句，不可用不可用because.连接代词连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词连接副词 where, when, how, why。The problem is who we can

17、 get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。问题是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。That is where he was born.那就是他出生的地方。那就是他出生的地方。where, when, why, how引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 连接副词连接副词where, when, why, how

18、除在句中起连接作用除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。本身具有词义。e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.问题在于如何使古为今用，如何使洋为问题在于如何使古为今用，如何使洋为中用

19、。中用。那时我在管伙食。那时我在管伙食。根本问题就在这里。根本问题就在这里。他不应该被贪污论罪，道理就在这里。他不应该被贪污论罪，道理就在这里。The question is how the past is made to serve the present and foreign things are made to serve China.That was when I was in charge of mess.This is where the basic lies.It was why he should not be found of corruption.表语从句的常用句型：表语

20、从句的常用句型：n名词主语名词主语bethat从句从句 The fact is that I was in the garden when the robbery happened. 作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的名词名词fact, truth 或表示看法观点的名词或表示看法观点的名词idea, opinion, belief, view, feeling, suggestion, plan等。等。 suggestion, proposal, advice, requirement 等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气（should）d

21、o。名词主语名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句引起的表语从句如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.3. My opinion is that we should discuss it with them.n名词主语名词主语bewh-疑问词引导的从句疑问词引导的从句 The trouble is where we can get the things we need.nwh- 引导的主

22、语从句引导的主语从句bethat 从句从句 What surprised me most was that all the pupils were unusually quiet.nThis / That be wh-疑问词引导的疑问词引导的从句从句 This is how you make the Italian pizza.表语从句的常用句型：表语从句的常用句型：注意：注意：n表语从句中的表语从句中的 that 不能省略不能省略n表语从句中只能用表语从句中只能用 whether 不能用不能用 ifn表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序2.-Are you still t

23、hinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析解析： 这是由这是由what 引导的一个表语从句，引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last

24、week. -Is that_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析解析:这是一个由这是一个由why引导的表语从句引导的表语从句,表示原因表示原因.这句话的意思是这句话的意思是这就是你离这就是你离开的原因吗开的原因吗?。故答案为。故答案为A。A4.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . A.what B.which C.wh

25、en D.that 解析解析:这是一个宾语从句这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾后面缺少宾语语,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语是一句谚语,意思是意思是永远给予他人他确实永远给予他人他确实想要的东西想要的东西。故答案为。故答案为A。A小结：小结：1. 表语从句的构成表语从句的构成: 引导词引导词+简单句简单句2. 引导词引导词: 连词连词that, whether, as ,as if 连接代词连接代词who, what, which连接副词连接副词when, where, how ,why 3. 3个注意点个注意点:if

26、不引导表语从句不引导表语从句主语为主语为reason时，引导词用时，引导词用that语序语序1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A.because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where

27、D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what10.The problem is_ he

28、has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that 11.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which 12.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what 13.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverBCBB